a] ao “e Art mame at ae 2 FA | 4 * .: 34 i 4 . . a Ha ye ‘ i ide , 4 7 : _ Sy 5 ‘ q a yi H yeh sal >» } j ; ; ; H : i M asheph ys ve : . a * . M4 he " .. } a i : ij ; K Stee tiis jeorreres Tey CPT CVT OVX =f M7 OT ENTOMOL Y STATIGN .e 4a he ae UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OFAGRICULTURE LIBRARY 7%, 5 es “t : a. * ay J / b ad ate ES i Re. PR 4 Book number 9 “e"°2ba PRESENTED BY bureau of Zntomeroryv uge sips 83; TLLUSTRATIONS Vv, ENT a BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY ; Spnopsis of tndigenous Livsects : CONTAINING THEIR GENERIC AND SPECIFIC DISTINCTIONS ; WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THEIR METAMORPHOSES, TIMES OF APPEARANCE, LOCALITIES, FOOD, AND ECONOMY, AS FAR AS PRACTICABLE. BY JAMES FRANCIS STEPHENS, F.L.S. MEMBER OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, ETC. EMBELLISHED WITH COLOURED FIGURES OF THE RARER AND - MORE INTERESTING SPECIES. MANDIBULATA. VOL. I. “In his tam parvis tamque feré nullis que ratio! quanta vis! quam inextricabilis perfectio !”—Plin. “« Finis Creationis Telluris est gloria Der, ex opera Nature, per Hominem solum.’’—Linné. LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR ; PUBLISHED BY BALDWIN AND CRADOCK; SOLD BY J. CHURCHILL, SAVILLE-HOUSE, LEICESTER-SQUARE, AND BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. 1828. LONDON: PRINTED BY THOMAS DAVISON, WHITEFRIARS. “rage - Sh ees nh i atl a . P45 i y four WJ dk z ma Pda let a tia eet ne © ILLUSTRATIONS OF BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY. “ These are thy glorious works, Parent oF Goon.” Milton. Insects have ever been justly ranked amongst the most sur- prising productions of the animal creation, and whether we contem- plate their wonderful metamorphoses—their ever-varying economy —their extraordinary and frequently grotesque structure—their prodigious numbers—the effulgent brilliancy of colouring with which many of them are adorned—or the atomical dimensions of others, the mind is equally lost in admiration of the infinite power dis- played by the Creator, and gratified by the reflection that His supreme beneficence has willed to call them into existence for the use and advantage of mankind. Who, therefore, that meditates upon these things, and upon the parental kindness of the “ Firsr Great Causr,” towards these, and all His other creatures, is not urged fervently to exclaim with Stillingfleet : ce “ A.tmicuty BEInc, “* Cause and support of all things, can I view “ These objects of my wonder ; can I feel “< These fine sensations, and not think of Thee?” SysTEMATIC writers divide these interesting objects of our curiosity into orders, sections, and other subordinate groups; but, previously to defining the characters of these, it is necessary to observe that Manpiputata: Vor. I. Ist May, 182’. B 2 MANDIBULATA. INSECTS Are included in the subkingdom Annutosa*: they have usually a distinct head, furnished with two antenne, or horns ; six articulated legs ; and breathe by means of trachee: they undergo several metamorphoses. Clairville divides insects into two great tribes, which he terms Manoisutara and Hausrecvata, from the structure of the ap- paratus employed in obtaining their food; the former being charac- terised by possessing jaws, or mandibles as they are technically denominated, and the latter by having a variously modified tubular tongue, or haustellum, for the purpose. As this appears to be a very natural division, I have adopted it; though it is worthy of ob- servation, that the transition from one tribe, or rather sub-class, to the other is nearly imperceptible—thus beautifully illustrating the position of my friend Mr. Mac Leay, that nature in leaving one form gradually assimilates its structure with the succeeding—the Trichoptera being so closely allied to the Lepidoptera, that authors differ as to which of the sub-classes they truly belong :—the man- dibles in the Trichoptera being nearly obsolete as in the Lepi-. doptera, and the structure of the wings and legs being similar in both.—Again, the Hymenoptera are in many instances furnished with a kind of tongue, their mandibles being solely of use in their economy ; and some of the Aptera possess rudimentary mandibles. The MANDIBULATA, Clairville, comprehend seven orders, which may be discriminated by cha- racters drawn from the wings, as briefly exhibited in the following table : Ale SECT calico tone: . : : 2. STREPSIPTERA. plus minusve transversim at 3. C coriacez, Uhaua contorte:~ plicatiles : newra 4 SNIP CES * dade ale inferiores radiate : 4. DERMAPTERA. longitudinaliter plicate : : 5. ORTHOPTERA. Alee omnes membranacez, 5 reticulate : : : 5 6. NEUROPTERA. § pilose: . ° : > 7. TRICHOPTERA. venose, ¢nude: . 5 : : 1. HYMENOPTERA. As the above series, to use the expression of Mr. Mac Leay, “ returns into itself,” it is of little consequence where I commence. * Annulosa axe invertebrate, oviparous, white-blooded animals: having an imperfect circulation: the external integument of a firmer consistence than the internal substance: the sexes distinct, the body divided into segments, or rings. COLEOPTERA. 3 I shall therefore first treat upon that order which has chiefly engaged the attention of the scientific world, or Orpver I COLEOPTERA. Distinguished by having usually two membranaceous wings * longitudinally and transversely folded, and covered by two horny or coriaceous elytra, or wing- cases, united generally with a straight suture. Metamorphoses incomplete. This order is usually subdivided into groups agreeably to the number of joints of which the tarsi are composed, as pentamera, or five-jointed, &c.: but as the numerous anomalies presented by this method—which was proposed by Geoflroy—materially disturb the succession of natural affinities, I shall not adopt it; and, with reference to the more philosophical views of Mr. Mac Leay, of arranging insects in accordance with their metamorphoses, I can- not venture, as he proposes, to employ his terms of chilopodomorpha, &c. as primary divisions, from the ignorance we labour under with respect to the larve of several of the groups. I shall therefore con- sider these and the tarsal characters as subsidiary, and proceed with the descriptions of the various groups as they are apparently con- nected with each other by affinity and habits, commencing with those beetles whose oral organization appears to be the most per- fect, or | Section I. ApErpHaca, Clairville. Palpi sex :—with six palpi; one pair attached to the mandibles ; two to the maxille: the superior portion of the maailla scaly, the internal side ciliated, its apex armed with an articulated, or simple claw}: mentum large, horny, nearly semicircular, deeply notched, and frequently armed with a tooth in the middle of the superior margin. The larve of this section, as far as ascertained, are in general long, semicylindric, and subpyramidal; with the head very large, and armed with extremely strong falciform jaws: the terminal (or in the Cicindelide, and some of the Scaritide ? the eighth) joint of the body is furnished with two appendages, and the three primary joints with six scaly legs: from their form being analogous to that of the Chi- lopoda, or Scolopendre of Linné, Mr. Mac Leay terms these larve * Many genera among the Carabide, Curculionide, Cantharide, &c. have no wings:—some, as Cychrus, Blaps, Liparus, &c. have the elytra soldered to- gether :—other exceptions to the characters of the order likewise occur. + Or, as Mr. Mac Leay analytically expresses it, the mawille furnished in- ternally with a lobe, and externally with a biarticulate palpiform process. B2 ~ 4, MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. chilopodiformes. They voraciously devour worms and the larve | of all other insects, as well as perfect insects; though the larve of Zabrus gibbus are said to destroy young wheat, and a long account of their devastations, in the canton of Seeburg, near Halle in Ger- many, is given in the first volume of Germar’s Magazine der En- tomologie, wherein it is stated that they were accompanied with a large proportion of the herbivorous larvee of Melolontha ruficornis*. When ready to effect their metamorphoses they construct an oval cell under ground, and change therein to a pupa, in which state they remain about three weeks. The perfect insects live either on the ground, or in the water ; the former constitute the Subsection GropEpuaca, Mac Leay. Whose characters, as laid down by him, are: legs formed for running; the hinder capable of horizontal and vertical motions, and the pectoral lamine into which they are inserted being of moderate size: the body oblong, or ovate:—to which may be added, antenne filiform, or setaceous: internal maxillary palpt with two joints, external with four: labial palpi with three or four joints: ¢arst invariably with five articulations: the hinder thighs furnished with appendages at the base, termed trochanters. The individuals of this extensive group in their perfect state are fully as rapacious as their larve, and they feed indiscriminately upon all other insects, and their larvee, which they can overpower : thus, being extremely beneficial in the economy of nature, by diminishing the numbers of noxious species, and forcibly exempli- fying the superintendency of Divine ProvipEnce over the interests of mankind. ‘They lurk beneath stones, clods of earth, or the refuse materials of gardens, fields, &c.; the rejectamenta of the ocean and rivers. Most of the species undergo their final meta- morphoses in the autumn; hybernate in plenty beneath mosses, under the bark of trees, &c. and appear abundantly in the spring and early summer months, when they may be frequently observed running in pathways and roads in search of their prey; whence they have obtained the appellation of grownd-beetles: nearly 400 species occur in this country, which may be subdivided into the following apparently natural families : * May not these herbivorous larvie have been the principal cause of the mis- chief to the wheat, while those of the Zabrus contributed rather to lessen their numbers than to destroy the corn? \ a CICINDELIDA.——CICINDELA. Tibice antice haud : i j : ; c 5 UG (Gurene : emarginate : apice articulate CINDELID& avill é AID haud apice ar- et thie breves, crassz : . . 7. ELAPHRID#. subelongate, graciles: - 4, CARABIDA. ; { articulo ultimo haud truncata, { haud pedunculatum: j minuto: . 6. BEMBIDIIDA. Tibiee antic vel apice sub- | Palpi exteriores aa ultimo emarginate : Sue i | penis imo ni Elytra omen 4 | equale: . 5. HarpaLiDé. (pedunculatum st : . 3. ScaRITIDz. (truncata : 2. BRACHINIDA:.- Famity I—CICINDELID, Leach. Antenne filiform, inserted before the eyes: labrum horny, somewhat trian- gular: mandibles armed internally with many teeth: maxilla strongly ciliated, with a distinct, articulated, horny claw at the tip: labiwm minute: labial palpi with four joints: mentum deeply emarginated: legs long, slender. The CicinpELIDm, termed Sparklers, or Scale-beetles, frequent arid and sandy places exposed to the sun; they are the most active and vigorous of coleopterous insects, run with great velocity, and fly with celerity, but their flight is of short duration, rarely exceeding ten or a dozen yards ata time. They have been truly styled the tigers of the insect world, as in their larva and imago states their rapacity and gluttony are pre-eminent, seizing and devouring every insect they can overcome, sparing not even their own species. The typical genus only has been observed in Britain. From the dissimilar structure of the larve of this family to that of the other geodephagous families, Mr. Kirby is of opinion that the CicinDELID# belong to a tribe distinct from the CaraBipbz— the former he terms Eupterina, or flyers, the latter Eupodina, or runners. Genus J.—Cicinpeta, Linneé, &c. Internal mazillary palpi with the joints nearly equal in length: eaternal with the first joint short, the second elongated, the third and fourth equal: labial palpi with the two basal joints very short, the third elongated, ciliated with hairs, the fourth short, somewhat clavate, naked: mentum deeply notched, with a strong spine-like tooth in the middle. Antenne inserted into the an- terior margin of the eye: head broader than the thorax: forehead excavated : eyes large, prominent: elytra flat: wings two: anterior tarsi with the three basal joints dilated in the male. Six species only of this truly elegant genus have been detected in this country; but it is highly probable that other European 6 MANDIBULATA.——COLEOPTERA. species may occur when the entomological productions of Britain are more satisfactorily ascertained, as no less than three of the sub- | joined have been added to our Fauna since the appearance of the Entomologia Britannica by Marsham in 1802! Interesting accounts of the metamorphoses of a species of this genus are given by Geoffroy, Desmarest, and Latreille. The larve are long, cylindric, soft, whitish, and furnished with six brown scaly feet: the head and first joint of the body are metallic-green above, and brown beneath. The head is extremely large, trapeziform, with six * very visible smooth black eyes, the four largest of which are placed on the upper and posterior parts of the head, and the others on the sides. They have two very long and sharp, nearly vertical, mandibles, armed on their inner base with a strong tooth: the maxillz are also very long. The three first joints of the body are without stig- mata: the first-is broader than the head, the second and third much narrower, the fourth and fifth are a trifle broader than the second ; the eighth is considerably larger and more expanded than the others, and is furnished above with two fleshy tubercles, which are thickly clothed with reddish hairs, and each armed in the middle with a recurved horny spine: the size and structure of the joint last mentioned (the eighth) give to the form of the larve that of the letter Z: the last joint of the body is very small: the legs are short and weak: the tarsi have only two joints, the terminal one bearing two small claws. These larve construct their retreats to the depth of eighteen inches, the entrance to them being perpendicular, and larger in diameter than their body. In excavating this canal, which is of a cylindrical form, they employ their mandibles and legs: they clear away the particles of sand, &c. by placing them on their broad head, and then climb up gradually to the surface, in which they are as- sisted by their dorsal appendages, till they reach the top, when they throw off their load. When they have completed their habitation (which is frequently a work of much difficulty, and which from the nature of the soil they are sometimes compelled to abandon, and to construct in a fresh situation), they fix themselves at the entrance by the assistance of their dorsal appendages, the recurved hooks * Mr. Kirby says eight: HK. and 8. Introd. vol. iv. p. 394, note, and plate xvii. f: 13.—Latreille, however, observes, that the larva of Ci. hybrida (not of Linné as hereafter shown) has six eyes, two small and four large. La/7. et De Jean, Col. des Europe, v. i. p. 30. CICINDELIDA.——CICINDELA. 7 being admirably adapted for the purpose, by forming a fulcrum, or support, and the broad plate at the top of the head exactly fitting the aperture of their den, and being on a level with the soil. In this position they continue immoveable, with expanded jaws ready to seize and devour their prey, which consists principally of the smaller adephagous beetles; but their voracity is so great, that they do not even spare those of their own species, should one by accident come in their way. In case of danger they retire to the bottom of their pit, and are consequently very difficult to discover. “The me- thod employed by Geoffroy and Desmarest to obtain them was by gently introducing a pliant twig or straw into their holes, and gra- dually and carefully excavating the soil around it, when the animals were usually found at the bottom of their cell, resting in a zigzag position. ‘Towards the end of spring the larvee are most abundant, but they may also be obtained during the summer and the begin- ning of autumn. Sp. 1. sylvatica. Purpurascenti-fusca, elytris fascia undulata punc- tisque tribus albidis. (Longitudo corporis, 7—8 lince.) Ci. sylvatica. Linné.—Donovan. x. plate 351, f. 1—Stephens’ Ca- talogue, No. 1. Above deep iridescent purplish-brown, elytra with a whitish external, some- times interrupted, lunule at the base, a transverse, narrow, waved band in the middle, and a round spot near the tip: towards the suture many impressed punctures. Beneath rich blue-green, with fine coppery and purple reflections on the sides of the thorax and breast: thighs metallic-blue, shanks and tarsi bronzed-green: labrum (or upper lip) black: palpi deep bronzed-green. In addition to the habitat of this species, given in Entomologia Britannica (Martlesham heath, Suffolk), the extensive sandy heaths between Cobham and Ripley, and the neighbourhoods of Godalmin in Surry, and Christchurch and Parley heaths, Hants, have recently produced it in plenty during the months of June and July. In the former places it was first observed among the fir plantations by my highly valued friend Dr. Leach, and subsequently by myself, and in the latter places (at other periods of the year) by my friend J. C. Dale, Esq., F. L.S., &c., and afterwards by Messrs. Samouelle, Chant, and Bentley. It also abounds near Aldborough in Suffolk, as I am informed by my friend the Rev. F. W. Hope, F. L.S., &e. 8 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Sp. 2. hybrida. Subpurpurascens, elytris lunula humerali api- cisque, fuscidque media valdé deflexa, albis ; palpis labialibus bast rufo-albidis. (Long. c. 6—7 lin.) Ci. hybrida. Linné. Sowerby. i. plate 18.—Siteph. Catal. No. 2. Above fine purplish, or dull iridescent copper ; each elytron finely shagreened, and marked with a white external lunule at the base and tip, and a trans- verse, waved, and strongly deflexed band in the middle: the suture bright red- copper. Beneath, the sides of the thorax and breast, are splendid rufous- copper: the abdomen rich and brilliant green-blue: thighs and shanks red- copper ; tarsi green blue: labrum whitish: maxillary palpi bronzed-green ; labial palpi reddish-white, with the terminal joint bronzed-green. This species is subject to considerable variation, both in colour and markings; but in all the varieties the labial palpi are reddish- white at the base, and the maxillary palpi are brassy-green, with a rufous tinge at the joints of the articulations. In these points this insect materially differs from Ci. Sylvicola, which it otherwise closely resembles, excepting in colour, and in the form of the central fascize on the elytra, which in this reach transversely to the centre of the disc, then become suddenly deflexed and attenuated, and finally, after again expanding, terminate abruptly near the suture. In pronouncing this to be the true Ci. hybrida of the Fauna Suecica, I am guided by the following words of the illustrious Swede: “< color purpurascenti-fuscus. Elytra in medio fascia alba, undata, simili sequentis speciei (Ci. sylvatica) et ad marginem exteriorem baseos, uti etiam ad apicem, lunula alba,”—as they so perfectly express its peculiar colour and markings. Much confusion occurs in modern entomological works respecting Ci. hybrida and its congeners, which has given rise to contrariety of opinion respecting the true habitat of this species. Latreille, in his Histoire Nat. des Crust. et des Insectes, &c., observes, that it is common in the neighbourhood of Paris; but from the recent publication * of this learned entomologist, and his compatriot De Jean, it is evident that the insect called Ci. hybrida by them is totally distinet from the present, and appears intermediate between Ci. riparia and Ci. Sylvicola, and that the species now under con- sideration is their Ci. maritima, which is confined to the coasts. of France, as our insect is to those of Britain; and on the extensive * Coleoptéres d’ Europe, &c. im ie} i, bai Pay htae ay is i abide} hi acy) ita i, Lj ANAM CICINDELID®.—CICINDELA. 9 sandy shores of Norfolk, Suffolk, and Glamorganshire, it is found abundantly during the months of May and June. It also occurs, as I am informed by Mr. Dale, at Weston-super-Mare, in Somer- setshire. Sp. 3. riparia. Puare l.f.1. Subpurpureo-nigricans, elytris lunula humerali apicisque, fascidque media subrecta abbreviata albis, palpis labialibus basi albis. (Long. c. 7 lin.) Ci. riparia. Megerle.—Steph. Catal. No. 3. In colour this insect greatly resembles the last (but it is considerably narrower, although longer); it is of a more dusky hue above, with a very slight cupreous iridescence on the thorax: the elytra are shagreened, each being adorned with a slender white external lunule at the base, a broader one at the apex, and a broad, nearly straight and slightly sinuated, white, transverse band in the middle, reaching nearly to the suture. The under parts resemble those of the last species, but the blue tinge predominates: the palpi are nearly coloured as in it, but the basal joints of the labial palpi are of a purer white, and the articulations of the maxillary palpi are less rufescent: the thighs are very rich golden-green; the shanks cupreous, and the tarsi bronzed-blue. The disposition of the markings on the elytra agrees precisely with those of Ci. Sylvicola, but the insect is clearly distinct from it, and may at once be readily discriminated by its elongate shape, its pale labial palpi and atropurpureous colour, exclusively of other characters. The only indigenous specimen of this hitherto undetected species which has come under my observation, and is in my collection, I formerly conceived to be merely an extraordinary variety of Ci. hybrida, but upon a mature examination its characters appear to be sufficiently marked to constitute a distinct species; and upon referring to M. De Jean’s Species de Coléoptéres, &c., I find that he has described and figured an insect (as the Ci. riparia Me- gerlei) agreeing in every respect with my specimen, whose “local habitation,” I regret, is unknown to me, from my having hitherto confounded it with the preceding species. De Jean suspects that it may be simply a variety of Ci. hybrida; but it is of importance to bear in mind that the insect so called by him is totally distinet in form, size, colour, and locality from the true Linnean hybrida, his being an inland while Linné’s insect is a maritime species. It affords me real gratification to add, from my own cabinet, a second species of this truly elegant and lovely genus to our Fauna. And I wish to call the attention of entomologists to the fact of the 10 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. locality, and probably the economy *, of the species allied to Ci. hybrida, having been so strangely blended together for want of accurate discrimination, as exhibiting a striking instance of the necessity of attending to comparatively trifling differences in the examination of specimens obtained from different localities, and of the caution to be observed in determining the question of specific distinctions, as by hastily discarding an apparent species, and pro- nouncing it to be merely a variety, we may run the hazard of com- mitting a serious error, and thus necessarily interrupt the series of affinities, and prove the justice of the poet’s assertion, that « From Nature’s chain, whatever link you strike, Tenth, or ten thousandth, breaks the chain alike.’ Pore.+ Sp. 4. Sylvicola. Viridi-purpurea, elytris viridibus lunula hu- merali apicisque, fasciague medida subdeflexa abbreviata albis, palpis toto nigro-ceerulescentibus. (Long. c. 7 lin.) Ci. Sylvicola. Megerle.— Curtis. i. pl. 1.—Steph. Catal. No. 3. Above purple-green, with green shagreened wing-cases, a white lunule at the base and tips, and a slightly deflexed abbreviated band in the middle. Beneath deep coppery blue: the palpi entirely blue-black. One specimen only of this highly elegant insect, which is in my collection, has hitherto been captured in England: it was found near Epping (Essex), in the summer of 1820: its nigro-cerulescent labial palpi, broad head, and beautiful rich green colour, well cha- racterize it, and distinguish it from the two preceding species, which it somewhat resembles in other respects, excepting that the - fascie on the elytra differ from those of Ci. hybrida, as they scarcely reach beyond the centre of the disc, and are very slightly deflexed or attenuated; in which particular it agrees precisely with Ci. riparia. My friend, Mr. Curtis, has given a figure of this insect in his Illustrations of the Genera of British Insects; but he has accidentally reversed the description of the colour of the palpi, by stating that the third joint of the labial palpi is more ferruginous than in Ci. hybrida, whereas in my specimen they are totally of a deep nigro-cerulescent hue, as stated in the specific character. “ M. Latreille has given a description of the larve of his Ci. hybrida, in the Nouveau Dictionnaire d’ Histoire Naturelle, 2d edit. + 20th April, 1827.—My friend Mr. Ingpen has this day shown me a second specimen of Ci. riparia, captured near Manchester. CICINDELID &.—CICINDELA. 11 Sp. 5. campestris. Viridis, elytris punctis ter, quatuor vel quinque marginahbus albis, wnoque disci. (Long. c. 5—¥+ lin.) Ci. campestris. Linné.—Donovan. i. pl. 12.—Steph. Catal. No. 5. Above dull green, or bluish, sometimes richly resplendent with coppery and golden reflections ; elytra very finely shagreened, green, with from three to six pale spots on each ; disposed, one externally on the shoulder, three on the outer edge of the elytra, one at the tip, and one in the disc. Beneath green, with rich coppery-red hues : legs bright copper, glossed with green, especially on the tarsi: labrum whitish. Ci. campestris varies exceedingly in the number, size, and colour of the spots on the margin of the elytra: in some specimens those nearest the base are almost obliterated, and in others all the spots are of a dusky hue: the discoidal spot is generally slightly edged with fuscous, and is sometimes connected to the central marginal one by a slender white line; the two spots towards the tip are likewise often connected together: the female invariably possesses two fuscous, slightly impressed, spots, towards the base of the elytra, near the suture. This species is a general inhabitant of all the southern portion of Britain, frequenting sandy situations, from March to October. During the spring of 1826 it was particularly abundant. Observed also in plenty by Mr. Dale, on Schehalion, one of the Breadalbane mountains, as well as in the lowlands of Scotland. Sp. 6. germanica. Subcylindrica, viridis, elytris lunulad ad apicem punctisque duobus marginahibus albis. (Long. ¢. 5 lin.) Ci. germanica, Linné.—Steph. Catal. No. 6. The form of this insect is more cylindric than the other species of the genus : its upper surface is rich, dull, slightly iridescent, green ; the elytra very finely shagreened, with a whitish spot at the shoulder, a second on the outer margin near the middle, and a lunule of the same colour at the tip. Be- neath, greenish blue, with a slight cupreous tinge on the sides of the thorax and breast: legs greenish, with the shanks testaceous. Certain seasons produce this species in plenty : about ten years back, it was observed by Mr. Brightwell in abundance, running amongst the grass, at Blackgang-Chine in the Isle of Wight, and by myself in the chalky lane leading from Dartford to Darent Wood, Kent, in July: but, till recently, it does not appear to have been seen at either place, although repeatedly sought after. I 12 MANDIBULATA.— COLEOPTERA. have received specimens from Devonshire, captured, I believe, in the neighbourhood of Barnstaple. Since writing the above, Mr. Dale has informed me, that he captured four or five specimens in August 1824, at the former place, where Mr. Curtis also obtained specimens in September last. According to the observations of De Jean, this species flies less than its congeners. Famiry Il.—BRACHINID, Mac Leay. Elytra abruptly truncated ; shorter than the abdomen. Antenne filiform, in- serted before the eyes: /abrum linear, or subquadrate, entire or emarginate, rarely trilobate ; more or less coriaceous: mandibles without teeth, or den- tated only at the base: mazille ciliated internally, bent, with a claw at the tip: labium exserted ; labial palpi with four joints: mentum deeply notched : anterior tibie notched at their internal side before the apex: anterior tarsi very slightly, or not at all, dilated in the males. Much dissimilarity prevails in the habits of the genera of elas family; the individuals of the three first frequenting sandy dis- tricts in the vicinity of the ocean, or the extensive meres in the counties of Huntingdon and Cambridge ; those of the genera Bra- chinus and Cymindis, damp places on the margins of great rivers or estuaries ; and the remainder principally affecting gravel pits, or the trunks and branches of trees and shrubs. ; ; The typical genus Brachinus is endowed with a most remark- able property as a defence against the attacks of its enemies; as fully detailed in my observations upon the common species. The Brachinide embrace the following genera, which may be thus briefly characterized : . re ee elongate, porrecte : : ; 2. Drypra. Fiala clongati's) Mandsiute breves, haud porrecte: . 2 3. PoLisTIcHus. oblongus, suibcylindricus : ° 4, ODACANTHA. cordatus, longior : : depressum : | quam latiis : articulo penultimo Thorax 4 Tarsi) bifido: . 5. DEMETRIas.. filiformes : articulis integris: 6. DrRomius. Palpi nel | transyersus: —_(articulo penultimo reves l Tarsi-~ bifido: 2 We EB IAS ? articulis integris: 8. LAMPRIAs. | [eat 5 2 10. BRacHINUs. Ulabiales articulo ultimo dilatato : : : 9. CY MINDIS. Genus [].—Dryreta, Fabricius. Palpi elongated ; internal mavillary filiform, with two nearly equal joints, ex- ternal with the basal joint minute, the second elongate, somewhat curved, BRACHINIDA.—DRYPTA: POLISTICHUS. 13. and nearly equal in length to the third and fourth, which are subconic, the last being obliquely truncate internally: labiwm small, linear, with three sete: labial palpi with the two first joints minute, the third elongate-conic, the fourth subconic with its apex dilated: mentum large, horny, suborbicu- lar: labrum trilobate, the middle lobe largest : mandibles much exserted, not toothed. Antenne with the first joint very long and subclavate, the second minute: head triangular: eyes prominent: thorax cylindric, rather narrowed behind : ¢arsi with the penultimate joint bifid ; anterzor dilated in the males. Sp. I. emarginata. Prats I. f. 2. Caerulea, ore, antennis pedi- busque rufis. (Long.c.4 lin.) Dr. emarginata. Fabricius.—Steph. Catal. No.'t. Ca. Chrysos- tomos. Sowerby. i. pl. 59. Head deeply punctate: eyes dusky: thorax with an impressed longitudinal line: elytra oblong, with punctured strie, and slightly notched at the tip: apex of the first and middle of the third joint of the antenne brown: the body slightly villose, and bright- or greenish- blue above and beneath: mouth, antenne, and legs, red ; tarsi dusky. Several specimens of this highly beautiful and rare insect were taken near Hastings and at Faversham during the spring and early part of the summer of 1815; since which period I have not heard of any other captures: at the former place I have frequently sought for it without success. My friend, the Rev. F. W. Hope; informs me, that it has been taken beneath marine rejectamenta at Leith Sands near Edinburgh. Genus II].—Pouisticuus, Bonelli. Palpi resembling in their proportions those of the preceding genus, but some- what more slender and shorter, the last joint of the external mawillary, and of the Jabial, securiform ; cnternal maaillary filiform: labium quadrate, with a membranaceous tooth on each side: mandibles short, not toothed : tarsi with all the joints entire. .4ntenne with the first joint shorter than the head, the second minute, the rest nearly equal in length: head nearly triangular : thorax subcordate: body depressed. Sp. 1. fasciolatus. Prate I. f.3. Brunneus, elytrorum vitta abbreviatd, abdomine pedibusque ferrugineis. (Long. ec. 42 lin.) Pol. fasciolatus. Bonelli.—Steph. Catal. No. 8. Deeply punctate, brown, with an abbreviated longitudinal vitta on the wing- cases, the antenne, breast, abdomen, and legs rufo-ferrugineous: the elytra depressed, striated. Four specimens only of this curious and very rare insect have 14 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. come under my observation: one in the collection of my friend A. H. Haworth, Esq. F. L. S., &c., taken by the Rev. S. Bale, near : ;- another in that of the Rev. F. W. Hope, captured by that gentleman near Southend, in the spring of the year 1823; a third in the collection at the British Museum, and the fourth in my own: the two latter specimens were procured from Cley on the northern coast of Norfolk (beneath marine rejectamenta) by my friend Dr. Leach, who, after depositing one in the British Museum, kindly supplied my cabinet with the other, which has enabled me to introduce the accompanying figure, for the first time as an indigenous insect. Genus IV.—Opacantua, Paykul. Palpi short, filiform, the last joint of the external mardl/ary and /abial ovate, slightly truncate: mandibles dentate at the base: tarsi with entire joints. Antenne with the first joint shorter than the head, the second somewhat ab- breviated, the remainder nearly of equal length: head ovate, produced pos- teriorly : thorax subcylindric, narrower than the head. Sp. 1. melanura. Cyanea, elytris testaceis apice nigro-cyaneo, antennarum basi, pectore pedibusque testaceis. (Long. c. 3 lin.) Od. melanura. Paykul.—Steph. Catal. No. 9.—Carabus angustatus. Sowerby. i. pl. 36. Green-blue, with the base of the antenne, breast and legs reddish-testaceous, the tarsi dusky, and the tips of the antenne and of the thighs black: the elytra with smooth impressed dots, rufo-testaceous, with a blue-black com- mon spot at the tip. Od. melanura principally inhabits the counties of Norfolk and Huntingdon; in the former county, I believe, it chiefly occurs in the vicinity of Norwich, on the banks of the river Yare—where it has been frequently captured by the entomologists of that city— and in the marshes at Horning and near Fakenham. In the latter county it was found abundantly in the summer of 1825, on the borders of Whittlesea-Mere, by Messrs. Chant and Bentley. My friend Mr. Donovan observes, that it is found in profusion in Cromllyn bog, in Glamorganshire, near Swansea, whence Dr. Leach procured many specimens. Although few of the metropolitan collections were supplied with this species, till within these few years, it cannot be reputed a rare, but a local species, notwithstanding the opinions of several ento- mologists to the contrary ; but for my sentiments upon the actual rarity of insects, the reader is referred to the observations under Dromius meridionalis. BRACHINIDA.—DEMETRIAS, 15 Genus V.—Demetrias, Bonelli. Palpt with the terminal joint ovate, slightly truncate: ladrum slightly emar- ginate: Jabial palpi with the basal joint minute, second and third short, of equal length, fourth elongate-ovate: mentum obscurely toothed: labrum quadrate, slightly emarginate: mandibles dentate at the base: tarsi with the fourth joint bifid. Antenne with the first and terminal joints longest, the second shortest, the remainder nearly equal in length: head ovate, narrowed posteriorly: thorax obcordate, not wider than the head: body elongate, depressed. Sp. 1. atricapillus. Padllide flavus, capite pectoreque nigro-piceis, elytris immaculatis. (Long. c. 2% lin.) Carabus atricapillus. Linné.—De. atricapillus. Steph. Catal. ‘No. 10. Above pale yellowish: the head black: thorax reddish, a trifle narrowed behind: elytra obsoletely striated, the interstices punctate. Beneath pale, with the breast and abdomen at the base pitchy-black. The suture is some- times dusky. Found at the roots of grass in damp hedges; common in the neighbourhood of London during the spring and summer months, and beneath the bark of trees, and under moss, in the winter. Sp. 2. monostigma. Pallide flavus, capite elytrorumque puncto communi apicis mgris. (Long. ¢. 2 lin.) De. monostigma. Leach, MS\S'.— Curtis, iii. pl. 119.—Steph. Catal. No. 11. Above pale-yellowish : the head glossy-black: thorax reddish, with an obsolete dorsal line: elytra obsoletely striated, with four impressed dots, and a deep fuscous spot towards their tips, reaching half-way up the suture. Beneath ochraceous. This species frequents hedges in sandy maritime situations, but is not found near London, where the last described insect abounds. It has been repeatedly captured near South Creak, Norfolk, by the Rey. T. Skrimshire, from whom, and Dr. Leach (who procured them from Swansea), I have received several specimens. Gyllenhal (vol. ii. p. 188.) considers this insect to be merely a variety of De. atricapillus; but I cannot accede to that opinion, as, among the numerous specimens of this genus captured near London, which I have had an opportunity of examining, not one of De. monostigma has occurred; whereas, on the contrary, the latter occurs in plenty on the Norfolk coast. It has also been taken abundantly at Whit- tlesea-Mere, by Messrs. Dale, Chant, and Bentley, by searching at the roots of the low herbage: and near Aberistwith, in Car- diganshire, by the Rey. F. W. Hope. 16 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Genus VI.—Dromtivus, Bonelli. Palpi with the terminal joints ovate-cylindric: labiwm slightly emarginate: labial palpi with the two basal joints short, the third elongate-clavate, the fourth ovate-clavate: mentum obsoletely toothed: labrum quadrate, slightly emar- ginate: mandibles dentated at the base: tars¢ with cylindric joints, the penul- timate simple. Antenne with the basal joint longest, the rest nearly equal in length, the second being somewhat shortest: head ovate, very slightly pro- duced posteriorly: thorax more or less cordiform, or heart-shaped, a little wider than the head: body elongate, depressed. The species of this genus are more frequently observed beneath the bark of trees than any others of the geodephaga, especially during the winter months; a situation wisely appointed for them by their “‘ Omniscient Creator,” in order that they may keep within due bounds the various kinds of subcutaneous larve, which might otherwise destructively accumulate, to the disturbance of the beau- tiful and harmonious economy of nature. A. With wings. + Sp. 1. meridionalis. Oblongus ; capite thoraceque ferrugineis ; thorace subquadrato, angulis posticts rotundatis: elytris fuscis, striatis, linedque é punctis parvis impressis, antennis pedibusque pallidis. De Jean.—(Long. c. 3 lin.) Dr. meridionalis. De Jean.—Steph. Catal. No. 12. Allied to the following species, but readily distinguished from it by the pos- terior angles of the thorax being rounded: in colour it is similar: the head is more rounded: the strie or the elytra are more obsolete, and a single series alone of impressed dots exists between the sixth and seventh strie. Hitherto one specimen only of this species has occurred in Bri- tain: it was captured near Southend, in the spring of the year 1820, by my friend the Rev. F. W. Hope, who kindly permitted me to examine it while in a recent state. It appears to be the Carabus agilis of Panzer’s Fauna, No. LX XV. f. J1.; but as some years have elapsed since | made the comparison, and I have not been able to obtain a specimen, the above description is abridged trom that of De Jean. Entomology illustrates the limited powers of human research to an extent rarely surpassed by any other science, for notwithstanding her numerous votaries she repeatedly exhibits to them merely a single specimen of some of her choicest productions: but, although unique, I do not consider the present insect one of these, as I sus- BRACHINIDA.—DROMIUS. Dee: pect that its apparent rarity arises either from its habitation being strictly local, as well as situated in a distant and hitherte unexplored part of the country,—or from its having been overlooked by col- lectors owing to its very close affinity to the following species. | I cannot, therefore, consistently with my notions, maintain that this is a rare, or even an uncommon, insect, knowing by experience that novelties are perpetually arising from the smaller insects having been so little attended to in this country. It consequently betrays either an indisposition for generalization, or a pertinacious adherence to preconceived opinions, originating from the proneness of mankind to overrate the value of their acquisitions, when experienced ento- mologists assert in opposition to facts, that local or minute insects are very rare, merely because they have hitherto remained undiscovered, from their locality, or from the apathy with which their investiga- tion has been treated; whereas the truth is that in repeated in- stances, when once detected and made known, they prove to be not only common, but frequently even wnusually abundant—as is sufficiently exemplified in the present advanced state of the family Pselaphide-—now consisting of thirty species, one only of which is described by Marsham (a faci, however, that has escaped the notice of every subsequent English writer on that family), whereas many are now ascertained to be so plentiful that several dozens of spe- cimens may be readily obtained in the course of a single day, if industriously sought after *! ‘The same remark applies with re- doubled force to the absurd parade generally made respecting the capture or possession of nondescript species, by individuals who are nevertheless fully aware that in the order Coleoptera alone we have several hundred nondescripts, and that every day’s experience in- creases the number :—nay, it may be added, even in the group upon which I am now treating (the Geodephaga), and which has occupied the attention of our continental neighbours more than any other belonging to this order, we have in Britain alone at least one hundred undescribed species, and of the remainder, of the said group, scarcely two hundred and fifty are noticed by foreigners, and not one hundred and fifty by native writers !—facts that fully illustrate the real value of a nondescript species +, and the impro- * Mr. Denny states that one hundred specimens of Arcopagus bulbifer may be taken in a day in Norfolk.—Den. Monog. Psel. Sc. p. 25. + At least two-thirds of the insects I possess are unrecorded as British, and of these more than half are nondescript: Manpisutata: Vou. I. Ist JuNE, 1827. C 18 ° MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. priety of considering every unrecorded insect to be either rare or uncommon +. Would not he who were to affirm that Lucanus Cervus was a searce species be justly ridiculed? Yet were an en- tomologist located in certain situations near the metropolis, he would experience much difficulty in procuring specimens, as, although found abundantly in the county, I have never seen a single one in the vicinity of Hertford during fifteen years’ research, though I have assiduously toiled, from ‘ morn to dewy eve,” in the capture of the insects indigenous to that part. Since the above observations were penned I have obtained several specimens of this species, chiefly captured in the immediate vicinity of London, thereby affording another proof of the importance of a thorough investigation previously to asserting that a recently de- tected insect is of unfrequent occurrence ; and I cannot here avoid noticing, as bearing upon the point, that in consequence of my observations upon Cicindela hybrida and its affinities, my friend EK. T. Bennett, Esq. F. L. S., &e. exhibited to me several specimens of an insect which appear to correspond with the Ci. hybrida of Latreille;—they were given to him by Mr. Leyland of Halifax, and he kindly presented me with a specimen. I have subsequently applied to Mr. Leyland for information respecting their locality, &c. and in reply he obligingly favoured me with several individuals, which he informs me were captured in Lancashire, he believes in the neighbourhood of Preston. As they differ considerably from Ci. riparia, and the other allied species which I have noticed, I shall embrace the present opportunity of briefly introducing the description of them, accompanied with some remarks upon their congeners, as I shall give the necessary reference thereto In my systematic catalogue. Sp. 3*. Ci. aprica. Supra sericeo-cuprea subvirescens, aut purpureo-nigricanss elytris subconvexis, lunulé humerali apicisque, fascidque medid subsinuatd ab- breviaté albis. (Long. ce. 7—7z lin.) Ci. hybrida. Latreille ?—Ci. aprica. Steph. Catal. No. 3*. The upper surface of the typical variety of this beautiful insect is usually of a rich silken purple or reddish-copper tinged with green, with iridescent re- flections on the head and thorax ; the elytra are rather convex, shagreened, or granulated as in the other species, and each ornamented with a whitish lunule at the base and tip, and a slightly waved, transverse, abbreviated bar + In the Literary Gazette of 11th of March, 1827, the capture of a new witish Cychrus is exultingly announced as a valuable novelty, whereas the specimen alluded to proves to be merely the female of the common Cy. rostratus ! ‘BRACHINIDE.—DROMIUS. 19 ‘in the middle, usually more deflexed than in Ci. riparia, but much less than in Ci. hybrida, though varying a little in different specimens. The under _ parts of the body and the legs are nearly similar in colour to those of Ci. riparia. Var. 6. This variety is considerably darker in colour than Ci. riparia, being of a deep black purple, and totally destitute of the beautiful silken gloss so con- Spicuous it the typical variety: the lunules and fascie on the elytra are similar, excepting that the latter is considerably less deflexed, and merely resembles an irregular curved line, which is nearly of an uniform breadth throughout. In many respects this variety resembles Ci. riparia, but its shorter and more convex form at once distinguish it from that insect :—again, in the shape of the transverse fascie it closely approximates to Ci. transver- salis of Ziegler, another kindred species, which has not yet been detected in Britain. Desirable as it is to clear up any obscure question, I regret ex- ceedingly my inability satisfactorily to determine whether or not this insect be specifically distinct from Ci. riparia, owing to its scarcity, or rather locality; and as I am of opinion that it is at all times preferable to separate those creatures which nature has ap- parently divided, than run the hazard of uniting them, it becomes necessary that this apparent species should receive a new appella- tion, if my ideas respecting the identity of the true Linnean Ci. hybrida be correct: I have therefore given it the above name; but until we are better acquainted with the history of it and its congeners, T must express my doubts as to the propriety of considering it a truly distinct species from Ci. riparia, from which its rich silken subvi- rescent hues, and more convex but less elongate form, alone ap- pear to separate it; its other characters (in common with those of the other species of this genus) varying considerably in different specimens: but I have no hesitation in affirming that this and also Ci. riparia are totally distinct from the Ci. hybrida of this work, as I have possessed several dozens of specimens of that insect from the habitats before mentioned, without a single individual of Ci. aprica occurring amongst them; and of this last insect I have in- spected no less than nine specimens, since the appearance of my last sheet, all of which were obtained from Lancashire and the ad- joining counties*, where Ci. hybrida does not appear to occur.— My friend, the Rev. W. Kirly, seems to have experienced difficulties of a similar nature to the above in his endeavours to determine the * One of these specimens was received from Derbyshire, and is in the col- ection of my friend Mr. Stone. 26 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. specific identity of several of the bees described in his invaluable Monographia Apum Angliz, and offers the following apologetical remarks in the introduction thereto.—* An account of any genus, perfect and elaborate in all its parts, must be the work of him who is versed in the history and economy of every individual that be- longs to it; He, and he only, can go upon sure grounds, for no other person can in all cases with certainty distinguish the species from the variety, and unite each sex to its legitimate partner.” Notwithstanding I have introduced the colour of the basal joints of the labial palpi into my specific characters of Ci. hybrida, riparia, and Sylvicola, I am now convinced that it is of little or no import- ance in discriminating these insects from each other, as in my specimens of Ci. aprica I have one of the typical variety with the labial palpi nearly all metallic-green, and the variety £ has those parts deep cerulescent-green with purplish tinges, and I now pos- sess one specimen of Ci. hybrida which has their basal joints nearly: white: I therefore presume that the colour varies with the age of the individual: however, with regard to the palpi of Ci. Syl- vicola, I must, in justice to myself, observe, that in consequence of my remarks upon the alleged difference in the colour of those organs, between the only indigenous specimen of that insect and Ci. hybrida, I have been disingenuously accused of misrepresenta~ tion, and of augmenting rather than of removing error, because I employed the words accidentally reversed; thereby tacitly admitting the palpi of the last-named insect to be of a ferruginous tinge—an unimportant fact which I conceive requires no correction, inasmuch as they are usually of a rufescent hue: nevertheless, from what I have above observed, the actual colour of the palpi is evidently of trifling consequence ; the only point worthy of attention respecting them being, that they are invariably of a pale hue in Ci. hybrida, and never become dark coloured in it, as in the kindred species; though it is remarkable that the only foreign specimen of Sylvicola, which I have had an opportunity of examining, should possess nigro- cerulescent labial palpi *. * As this lengthened but I trust useful digression has necessarily occupied considerable space, I have increased the stipulated number of pages in the pre- sent number; and I embrace this opportunity of correcting a mistake in the characters of the section Adephaga, wherein it is inadvertently stated that one. pair of the palpi is attached to the mandibles, instead of the labiwm or lower lip: BRACHINIDE.—DROMIUS. ~ 21 Sp. 2. agilis. Oblongus, rufo-ferrugineus, thorace ferrugineo sub- quadrato, elytris fuscis obsolete striatis, disco duplict serie punc- tatis, antennis pedibusque testaceis. (Long. c. 3 lin.) Ca. agilis. Fabrictus.—Dro. agilis. Steph. Catal. No. 13. This variable species is usually larger than the next, and of a reddish rust-colour, with the thorax rather paler, and the elytra dusky-brown, obsoletely striated, with a double series of impressed dots upon each, one being between the second and third strie from the suture, the other between the seventh and eighth: the antenne and legs are testaceous. Var. 8. Steph. Catal.l.c. This variety has the head dusky, and agrees with the Carabus atricapillus of Panzer’s Fauna, No. xxx. f. 9. Var. y. Steph. Catal. /.c. With a pale spot on the disc of the elytra, reaching from the middle nearly to the base, and an indistinct spot near the apex. Var. 8. Steph. Catal. 1. c. With a pale spot at the base of the elytra alone. . Not uncommon in the south of England. I have generally found it most abundant beneath the bark of firs near Hertford: the varieties are less frequent. Sp. 3. quadrimaculatus. Oblongus, niger, thorace pectoreque fer- rugineis, elytris maculis duabus albidis, antennis pedibusque pal- lidis. (Long. c. 2i—3 lin.) Cr. 4—maculatus. | Linné.—Dr. 4—maculatus. Steph.Catal. No. 14. Less than the last: black, with the thorax and breast ferruginous ; the former subquadrate, with the hinder angles rounded: the elytra somewhat striated, brown, with two whitish spots: the antenne and legs pale: the body beneath pitchy, Var. 6. With the whitish spots on the elytra united. Var. y. With the pale spot at the tip of the elytra nearly obsolete, or totally wanting. A very common and elegant insect: taken throughout the year, beneath the bark of trees; frequently in the winter among moss and dead leaves, aud during the summer under stones: the varieties are however rare: of var. 6 I have seen but a solitary specimen in the collection of my friend A. Cooper, Esq. R. A. Sp. 4. quadrinotatus. Pirate l. f.4. Oblongus, niger, thorace piceo, elytris fuscis, punctis duobus pallidis, antennis pedibusque testa- ceis. (Long. ce. 1¢—2 lin.) Ca. quadrinotatus. Panzer.—Steph. Catal. No. 15. Oblong, subdepressed, black: the head black ; the thorax pitchy, rather elon- gated, attenuated behind, the hinder angles prominent: the elytra brown, slightly striated, with two pale spots, one at the base, the other at the tip 202: MANDIBULATA.— COLEOPTERA. _ near the suture, and smaller than the first: the under parts of the body are. _ obscure brown: the antenne and legs testaceous. Var. &. In this variety the elytra are somewhat more deeply striated, and viewed under a lens, the strie are adorned with obsolete impressions: the basal half of the elytra is nearly all pale, and the apical portion fuscous, with a small pallid spot towards the tip near the suture: in other respects it resembles the last, but the antenne and legs are more rufous. Rather an uncommon species, which I have occasionally taken beneath the bark of oaks near Hertford: it also occurs in the fields to the north of London; at Cobham and Coombe Wood, Surry, and in Dorsetshire; it appears to be less rare in Yorkshire, espe- cially the typical variety, of which my friend, Mr. Cooper, has sup- plied me with specimens captured by him near Langton Wold, during the present spring. At the time I caused the drawing to be made from which the accompanying figure was taken, I suspected that the insect was a -distinct species; but, upon a close examination of several specimens, I am convinced that it is merely a variety, differing in being some- what paler, and having the elytra more strongly striated, with impressed dots, which are visible only in certain directions of light: it agrees with var. B. Sp. 5. melanocephalus. Piarel. f.5. Brevis, pallidus capite nigro, elytris immaculatis, abdomine ferrugineo. (Long. ¢. 14—1? lin.) Dr. melanocephalus. De Jean.—Steph. Catal. No. 16. An elegant little species: head black: thorax rust-coloured-red, quadrate, with a strongly impressed longitudinal line: the elytra pale yellowish, very obso- letely striated: the under parts dull ferruginous: the antenne and legs pale. Var. 6. Dr. venustulus. Steph. Catal. 1. c-—A re-examination of some speci- mens which I had received by the name of Lebia venustula, Spence’s MSS. has satisfied me that they are merely immature individuals of this species ; the only differences I observe in them being that the head is pitchy-black, and the elytra rather transparent. Var. 7. Dr. scutellaris. Steph. Catal. i. c.—This variety differs in having a triangular dusky-black spot at the base of the wing-cases near the scutellum, and in having the abdomen deep brown or dusky: it is somewhat larger than the first, the colour is more clear and better defined, and the antehne are of a dusky hue towards the tip. Although not described in the Entomologia Britannica, this species is not uncommon in the neighbourhood of London; and in the gravel-pits at Coombe Wood, as well as beneath moss, at Hert- ford and elsewhere, I have repeatedly taken it. It also occurs in BRACHINIDA.—=DROMIUS. 93 Oxfordshire, as my friend, Mr. I. O. Westwood, F. L. S., informs me; and in Dorsetshire and Shropshire: it appears, therefore, to be generally diffused. Sp. 6. impunctatus. Brevis, subeneo-niger, opacus, elytris fusces- centibus macula humerali obsoletissima pallidiore, tibiis tarsisque pallide fuscis. (Long. ¢. 12 lin.) | Dr. impunctatus. Kirby, MS'S.—Steph. Catal. No. 1't.—Dr. spi- lotus var.? De Jean. At first sight this species greatly resembles Dr. foveolus, but it is readily distin- guished from it by the absence of the two impressed dots, so conspicuous in that insect, and, upon a closer inspection, by the presence of wings. . Its upper surface is of an opaque brassy or dusky-black, with the elytra brassy-= brown, and each marked on the basal angle with an obsolete pale spot: the elytra are slightly convex and obsoletely striated ; the tip is obliquely trun- cated, and slightly sinuated : the thorax is rather transverse, with an impressed longitudinal line: the under parts of the body and the antenne are black ; the legs are pale brown, with the thighs dusky. In one of my specimens there is a very slight appearance of a pale spot near the apex of the elytra. It is probable that this insect may be simply a variety of Dr. spilotus of De Jean, which, from his description, appears to be a variable species ; it seems to differ, so far as I learn from his account, in wanting the pale line near the suture, the apical spot on the elytra, and in having the legs of a darker colour; but it is pro- bable that these are variable characters, arising from the age of the individual. I have hitherto examined five specimens only; two in the collection of my friend, N. A. Vigors, Esq., F. L. S., &c., one in Mr. Stone’s, and two in my own cabinet; one of the latter I found among Mr. Marsham’s Carabidze, and the other, as well as Mr. Stone’s specimen, was taken near London. Sp. 7. humeralis. Brevis, niger, nitidissimus, elytris maculis duabus aut quatuor pallidis, altera hwmerali, altera (scepé obsoleta) in disco elytrorum. (Long. ¢. 13 lin.) Dr. humeralis. Curtis, MS'S.—Steph. Catal. No. 18.—Dr. qua- drillum ? De Jean. Above of a deep glossy black ; the elytra with a conspicuous rhomboidal yel- lowish-white or ochraceous spot at the basal angle, and sometimes a smaller one on the disc towards the apex : they are rather strongly striated, especially near the suture, and between the strie are slightly impressed points: the under parts are also deep glossy black, the tarsi rather obscure or brownish : the basal joint of the antenne is sometimes pale brown. Closely allied to Dr. quadrillum of De Jean, but the anterior 24, MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. margin of the thorax is not strongly notched as he describes, and the humeral spot is not round. Until very recently the only spe- cimen I had seen of this insect was in the cabinet of J. Curtis, Ksq., F. L. S., whose name I have adopted; it was taken, I believe, by him in Norfolk: however, upon an examination of all the specimens of Dromius which I possessed, I found among them, to my satisfac- tion, a single humeralis, which was captured by myself in the London district ; but much as I regret the loss of the true habitat of my insect, I am happy to record the fact that several specimens were taken near Southend, in April last, by the Rev. F. W. Hope, to whose kindness I am indebted for the variety with four spots. B. Without wings. a. Body oblong. Sp. 8. fasciatus. Subdepressus niger, thorace ferruginco, elytris sublevibus, antice pallidis, postic? fuscis, macula pallida, antennis pedibusque pallidis. (Long. c. 14—13 lin.) Ca. fasciatus. Fabricius.—Dr. fasciatus. Steph. Catal. No. 19. Considerably elongated and depressed: head shining, pitchy black: thorax subquadrate, ferruginous, a little elongated: the elytra slightly striated, pale anteriorly, brown posteriorly, with a small pale spot near the suture: the antenne and legs pale: under part of the body pitchy-black—In some _ specimens the elytra are destitute of the pale spot, in others they are nearly all pale, with a fuscescent external marginal dash near the apex: others again have a triangular fuscous spot surrounding the scutellum. Found abundantly near Southend, by the Rev. F. W. Hope, during the spring of 1825 and 1826, and again in 1827. It also occurs in Devonshire, as appears by specimens in the British Mu- seum. I am not aware that it has been taken elsewhere, though I have observed it in collections by the name of Dr. bifasciatus; but the insect, so called by De Jean, is evidently distinct, and appears not to have occurred in Britain. Sp. 9. notatus. Mger, thorace piceo, elytris sublevibus pallidis, apice fuscis, maculé minutissima pallida, antennis pedibusque rufescentibus. (Long. e. 13—2 lin.) Dr. notatus. Steph. Catal. No. 20. It is not without hesitation that I give this insect.as a distinct species: its chief differences consist in its superior size and deeper colour: like the last it is considerably elongated and depressed: the head and thorax are deep piceous, the latter has a paler margin: the basal half of the elytra is pale ochraceous, ~ the rest fuscescent, with a minute pale spot near the suture: the antenne and legs are reddish: under parts of the body dusky. Found at Southend with the preceding species. BRACHINIDA.-—DROMIUS. 25 Sp. 10. linearis. Elongatus, fuscoferrugineus, elytris punctato- striatis, pallidioribus, postice infuscatis, antennis pedibusque pal- lidis. (Long. c. 23 lin.) Ca. linearis. Olivier.—Dr. linearis.—Steph. Catal. No. 21. Of a more elongate and linear form than the other species of the genus: the _ general colour of the upper parts is deep dusky ferruginous: the thorax rather brighter than the head, and the elytra somewhat of a pale hue, rather deeply striated, the strie deeply punctate: the extremities of the elytra are more or less suffused with dusky: the under parts of the body are also ferruginous, with the abdomen dusky: the antenne and legs are pale yellowish. The most common species of this genus, frequent in hedges throughout the neighbourhood of the metropolis during the greatest part of the year, hybernating abundantly beneath the bark of trees. Found in the nidus of Bombus Donovanellus, in the isle of Arran, by Dr. Leach, and supposed by him to be a new species, which he proposed to call Dr. parasiticus. Sp. 11. glabratus. Odlongus, wneo-niger, elytris obsoletissime stri- atis, disco impunctato, pedibus nigris. (Long. c. 11 lin.) Dr. glabratus. De Jean.—Steph. Catal. No. 22. Above glossy bronzed-black: the thorax somewhat quadrate, a little convex, smooth, with an impressed longitudinal line: the elytra very obsoletely striated: the under parts are black, with an eneous tinge: the legs are dull black, with the shanks and tarsi paler, or nearly brown. Found, though rarely, beneath stones near Hertford; not un- common in the sandy heaths between Cobham and Ripley, Surry, and at Southend. Sp. 12. femoralis. Neger obscurus, elytris substriatis, disco im- punctate, appendiculis femoribusque bast pallidis, (Long. ec. 13 lin.) Ca. femoralis. Marsham.—Dr. femoralis.—Steph. Catal. No. 23. Distinguished from the preceding by its striated elytra, and from the following by its elongate shape: it is of an obscure black above, with the head and thorax rather shining ; the latter has a longitudinal groove, and is subqua- drate: the elytra are rather strongly striated, but without any impressed dots: the under parts are pitchy black, with the trochanters, cox, and base of the thighs pale testaceous brown, the rest of the thigh black: the tibie and tarsi pale brown: the antenne are dusky, with their tips reddish. I possess two specimens of this insect (which somewhat re- sembles Dr. pallipes, Ziegler), one of which I obtained from the cabinet of the late Mr. Marsham, the other was found in the vicinity of London. Manpisutata: Von, I. Ist June, 1827. D 26 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. b. Body short. Sp. 13. truncatellus. Brevis, eneo-niger, elytris substriatis, disco impunctato, pedibus piceis. (Long. ec. 13 lin.) , Ca. truncatellus. Linné.—Dr. truncatellus.—Steph. Catal. No. 24. Very similar to Dr. foveolus, but at once distinguished from it by the absence of the impressed dots on the elytra, its smaller size, and more elongate form. Above glossy black, with a slight eneous tinge: thorax rather deeply chan- nelled: elytra rather convex, black, glossed with brassy, obsoletely striated, but without any foveole on the disc: body beneath smooth, glossy black : thighs pitchy black: shanks and tarsi brownish: mouth and palpi blackish- brown. Found in dry sandy and gravelly situations, beneath stones, near London. Sp. 14. foveolus. Brevis, enco-niger, supra-eneus, elytris obsolete striatis, disco bifoveolato. (Long. c. 1;—2 lin.) Le. foveola. Gyllenhal.—Dr. foveolus.. Steph. Catal. No. 25. An elegant and very common species: above brassy black: the head is broad and smooth: the thorax a little wider than the head, and narrower posteriorly, with an impressed longitudinal line: the elytra are still wider than the thorax, they are obsoletely striated, and have each two deeply impressed dots near the third stria ; the under parts are glossy black: the legs the same, with the tarsi brownish. Frequent throughout the metropolitan district*, in sand and gravel pits ; also beneath stones; and under bark and moss in the winter. Genus VIJ.—Lesia, Latreille. Paipi with the terminal joints filiform, nearly ovate, slightly truncate at the tip: labium elongate, rounded, hirsute: labial palpi with the two basal joints short, the third and fourth elongate: mentum with the sides lobed, centre produced, not toothed: labrum suborbicular: mandibles dentated at the base : farsi with triangular joints, the penultimate bifid: antenne growing thick towards the tip, with the third joint longest, the second shortest, the rest nearly equal in length, the terminal one being rather the longest. Head ovate, a trifle produced behind: ¢horax transverse, with the hinder margin produced into alobe in the middle: elytra very broad: body short, much depressed: claws denticulated : wings long. As before remarked, the individuals comprised in this genus are more frequently observed beneath the bark of trees than under stones, but in Britain they are very rare; they are usually very * The circuit comprised within twenty-five miles of St. Paul’s. BRACHINIDA.—LEBIA. o4 beautiful, though small, insects, and are discriminated from the other genera of this family, excepting Lamprias (from which they may be readily known by the slenderness of the base of the an- tennz, and the more evidently bifid penultimate joint of the tarsi), by their transverse lobated thorax. Sp. 1. crux-minor. Puare I. f.6. Miger, thorace pedibus anten- narumque basi rujis, elytris rufo-testaceis cruce nigra. (Long. c. 3 lin.) Ca. crux-minor. Linné.—Le. crux-minor. Steph. Catal. No. 26. Head black, punctate: thorax rufo-ferruginous: the elytra short, subquadrate, slightly striated, with two minute impressed dots on the third stria from the suture: in colour they are pale rufo-ferruginous: the suture is black, with a large triangular spot at the base surrounding the scutellum, which is also black: rather beyond the middle of the elytra is a broad slightly waved trans- verse black bar, which expands towards the suture, and on the sides of the elytra towards the tip, where it again joins the suture, forming a round un- clouded spot at the apex: the breast and abdomen are black: the legs rufo- testaceous, with the tips of the thighs and the tarsi dusky: the three basal joints of the antenne and the base of the fourth are rufous, the rest obscure black. This species still remains a desideratum to most collections, and is apparently very rare. I have one specimen from the collection of the late Mr. Marsham, and a male which was captured near Windsor; it has once been found at Coombe Wood; and Mr. Curtis mentions that Mr. Brightwell took one out of a tan-pit at Lymington, Hants. Dr. Leach has obtained specimens from Bristol, and the Rev. F. W. Hope found one upon sorrel, near Netley in Shropshire, in August, 1824. } Sp. 2. turcica. Niger, ore, antennis thoraceque rufis, elytris nigris lunulé baseos pallidé. (Long. ce. 24 lin.) Ca. turcicus. Fabrictws—Le. turcica. Curtis. ii. pl. 87.— Steph. Catal. No, 27. Head black, strongly punctate and rugulose between the eyes: mouth, palpi, antenne, and thorax rufo-ferruginous ; the latter with an impressed line down the middle, and slightly wrinkled transversely: the elytra black, with a testaceous yellow irregular crescent-shaped spot at the base of the external margin, and a narrow border of the same colour extending to the tip ; each is adorned with eight nearly smooth strie and an abbreviated finely punc- tured one near the scutellum, and also two impressed dots near the third stria from the suture. The breast is ferruginous ; the abdomen black, with an ochraceous spot in the middle ; the legs are testaceous yellow. 28 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Fabricius was the first person who noticed this insect, and he expressly describes it as a native of England, from a specimen in the collection of Dr. Hunter: a fact of which no English writer appears to have been aware. It may be esteemed a very rare spe- cies. I have hitherto seen but six specimens, which were captured in Oakhampton Park, Somersetshire ; four of these are now in the collection at the British Museum, to which they were presented by my friend, Dr. Leach; the fate of the other two I have reason to deplore. + Sp. 3. hemorrhoidalis. Rufa; elytris nigris, apice rufis. (Long. ce. 2 lin.) | Ca. hemorrhoidalis. Fabricius.—Le. hemorrhoidalis. Steph. Catal. No. 28. About the size of Le. turcica. the head, antenne, thorax, and scutellum are red: the eyes and elytra black ; the latter with a yellowish rusty-red spot at the tip, waved on the upper part: the elytra are very slightly striated and finely punctated ; they have also two impressed dots, as in Le. turcica: the breast is dusky ; the rest of the under parts and the legs are rusty-red. I have seen one specimen only of this insect, which was captured near Netley, Shropshire, on broom, by the Rev. F. W. Hope. Genus VIII.—Lamprias, Bonelli. Palpi with the terminal joints filiform, distinctly truncated: labcum elongate, entire: labial palpi with the two basal joints short, the third and fourth elon- gate, the latter subtruncate. mentum lobated, not toothed: labrum subor- bicular, entire: mandibles not toothed: tarsi with triangular joints, the penul- timate very obsoletely bifid: antenne nearly linear, the basal joint largest, and nearly the length of the third, which is longest, the second shortest, the remainder nearly equal in length, the terminal joint not longer. Head subovate, a little produced posteriorly : *horax transverse, the hinder margin lobated: elytra broad: body short, depressed: claws denticulated: wings short. This genus was established by Bonelli upon very slender cha- racters; so much so as to induce De Jean to reunite it with Lebia: but the difference of habit between the species of the two genera is, in my opinion, sufficient to induce us to pause ere we retrograde and expunge the genus Lamprias from our nomenclature : the chief differences between them consist in the present genus having linear antenne, short wings, the palpi distinctly truncated, and the pen- ultimate joint of the tarsi so very slightly bifid as to appear simple ; while in Lebia the antennz become incrassated towards the ex- et iia) AMM th, BRACHINIDA.—-LAMPRIAS. 29 tremities, the wings are long, the palpi slightly truncated, and the penultimate joint of the tarsi is very strongly bifid. All the species frequent broom, and are of lively, brilliant, colours. Sp. 1. cyanocephalus. Puartr II. f. 1. Cyaneo-viridis, thorace pedibusque riufis, femoribus apice tarsisque nigris, articulo prima antennarum rufo. (Long. ¢. 21—3+ lin.) Ca. cyanocephalus. Linné.—La. cyanocephalus. Steph. Catal. No. 29. The head is bluish-green, strongly punctate: the thorax is ferruginous-red, rather convex, strongly punctate, with a distinct longitudinal impressed line in the middle, and a transverse line, which divides the lobated appendage: the scutellum is dusky: the elytra are rather broader than the thorax, their angles are rounded, and their colour varies from clear green to blue and dusky ; they are highly glossed and brilliant, and have impressed subpunctate strie, the spaces between which are more or less punctate: the breast and the ab- domen are bluish-green: the legs are ferruginous, with the tips of the thighs and the tarsi dusky or blackish: the basal joint of the antenne is rusty-red : the remaining joints and the palpi are dusky-brown. This species varies considerably in the colour of its elytra, and also in size: some _ specimens, as above noticed, are fine green, others deep blue; and it is ob- served by M. De Jean that the larger specimens on the continent are usually of the former colour. I may here remark asa general rule, that all insects that are usually of a green colour, vary to different shades of blue, and vice versa. Not a very common insect; I have seen about twenty specimens only, most of which were captured at Darenth in Kent, six by my- self out of the common broom: it has also been taken at Windsor, and at Netley in Shropshire; and in June last I found a specimen at Ripley in Surry. Sp. 2. nigritarsis. Cyanco-viridis, articulo primo aniennarum pedi- busque nigricantibus, femoribus basi thoraceque rufis. (Long. c, aes hin:) La. nigritarsis. Leach, MSS.—Steph. Catal. No. 30. The principal differences between this insect and La. cyanocephalus arise from the present species having the base of the antenne, the tibie, and the tarsi dusky, the two former of which are rufous in cyanocephalus: the head is blue-green or dusky: the thcrax rufous: the elytra deep blue or greenish ; striated, with impressed dots between the strie, and two more deeply impressed spots between the second and third strie from the suture: the antenne are dusky, with a rufous tinge on the under side of the basal joint: the abdomen is blue-black, the breast red; the base of the thighs red, their tips blue- black ; their shanks dusky, with a paler hue on their under-side; the tarsi dusky. Manpigsuxnata, Vou. I. 1 Jury, 1827. E 30 MANDIBULATA.—-COLEOPTERA. Taken at Windsor and Dover: at the last place by myself, out of the common broom. In the British Museum is a specimen from the former place of a most splendid opaline purple-cyaneous tinge. Sp. 3. chlorocephalus. Cyaneo-viridis, antennarum articuls tribus baseos, thorace pectore pedibusque rufis, tarsis mgris. (Long. ec. 213! lin.) ; Ca. chlorocephalus. Ent. Hefte.—La. chlorocephalus. Steph. Catal. No. 31. Head as in La. cyanocephalus, but more strongly punctate: thorax rather longer, more attenuated behind, and the posterior angles more produced and acumi- nated than in the first species; it is also rather more convex ; its colour is similar: the scutellum is rufo-ferruginous: the elytra are generally of a beautiful emerald-green, sometimes bluish; they are regularly punctato- striate, the spaces between flat, with minute somewhat regularly disposed impressed dots: near the third stria from the suture are two larger impres- sions: the head is piceous beneath: the breast rusty-red : the abdomen blue- green: the legs entirely testaceous-red, with the tarsi brownish, or dusky : the two basal, and the under part of the third, joints of the antenne are ferrugi- nous; the rest black.—It varies considerably in size and colour. Common upon broom in the neighbourhood of London: the specimens which I have obtained from Epping Forest are generally but half the size of those taken at Darenth, and their wing-cases are usually deeply tinted with blue. Not uncommon in many other parts of Britain. Sp. 4. rufipes. Nigvo-cyaneus, thorace pectore pedibusque rufis ; elytris cyaneis striatis, striis interstitiisque obsolete punctatis. De Jean. (Long.c 24 lin.) _ Le. rufipes. De Jean.—La rufipes. Steph. Catal. No. 32. Closely allied to the preceding insect: the head is deep blue-black: the thorax red, very slightly wrinkled transversely: the elytra blue-green, slightly striated, with impressed dots between the strie, and two more deeply impressed be- tween the second and third strie from the suture; the tips of the elytra are slightly rounded: the three basal joints of the antenn are red, the remainder dusky: the abdomen is bluish-black, and the breast and legs are rufous; the tarsi somewhat more obscure. I have seen but my own single specimen of this insect, which was taken in Hampshire :—it may possibly be merely a variety or an immature specimen of the preceding: its chief differences appear to consist in the three basal joints of the antenne being entirely BRACHINIDA.—TARUS. 31 rufous; the legs being totally of that colour, without black tarsi, and the punctations on the elytra being more obsolete. Genus IX.—Tarus, Clairville. Palpz various: lahbium coriaceous in the middle, rounded at the tip: labial palpi with the terminal joint large, securiform: eaternal mazillary palpi filiform: mentum lobated, with a simple notch in the middle: /abrum subquadrate, emarginate: ¢arst with their joints nearly cylindric, entire ; the anterior very slightly dilated in the males. Head oval, a little produced behind: thorax: obcordate-truncate : body oblong, depressed : claws denticulated below: wings moderate: antenne filiform. Latreille and Clairville proposed this genus about the same period; the name applied by the former has been usually adopted, and I have unintentionally followed the stream by using it in page 12, contrary to the maxims which are laid down for the proper application of generic names,—the term Cymindis having been anciently used to designate a bird of the hawk kind, to which it has recently been restored by ornithological writers. The Tari are all rare in this country: they are found beneath stones, usually in damp places near the coast: they are much elon- gated and very flat, and are generally of sombre brownish hues, and are with difficulty discriminated from each other, owing to their great similarity in colouring and markings. Sp. 1. angularis. Piceo-niger, punctatus, ore, antennis, thorace pedi- busque ferrugineus, elytris maculé humerali margineque flavo- testaceis. (Long. ec. 34—4 lin.) Cy. angularis. Gyllenhal.—Ta. angularis. Steph. Catal. No. 33. Head pitchy-black, slightly punctate, the mouth and palpi ferruginous: thorax ferruginous, anteriorly broad, truncate, the sides rounded, base slightly rounded, with the angles minute and prominent ; the disc convex, slightly punctate, and a little wrinkled transversely, the edge very thickly and deeply punctate ; an obsolete longitudinal line down the centre with two obscure rugose foveole at the base: scutellum ferruginous ; punctate: elytra oblong, much depressed, very shining, with strongly impressed punctate strie, the intervals very flat and thickly and rather deeply punctate, with about three strong impressions near the sutural edge of the third stria; they are of a pitchy-black, with a spot at the basal angle, and the external margin testa- ceous-yellow ; the spot at the shoulder united to the marginal border: the body beneath is pitchy-black, the breast being rather palest: the legs and antenne are ferruginous, the latter pubescent at the tip. 32 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. I have several specimens of this insect, of which three were taken at Swansea, and one I obtained from Mr. Marsham’s collection, — in which it was placed for Ta. humeralis: but the true Fabrician humeralis is a totally distinct species, which I do not possess; it, however, occurs in Britain, and is subsequently described. Sp. 2.devigatus. Prarell.f. 2. Picco-niger, obsoletissimé punc- tatus, antennis thoraceque ferrugineis, pedibus pallidis, elytris macula humeral margineque flavo-testaceis. (Long. ¢. 4—43 lin.) Ta. levigatus.— Steph. Catal. No. 34. This appears to be a distinct insect from the preceding, and differs chiefly by having the surface of the elytra very obsoletely punctate, and the strie more obscure, with deeply impressed spots: the elytra are very dull, and the edges of the thorax are very strongly rugose, with a less deeply impressed longi- tudinal line than in Ta. angularis: the insect is also broader in proportion, but its colouring is very similar, except that the mouth is piceous instead of ferruginous, the antenne more dusky, and the under parts nearly all ferru= ginous instead of piceous, as in Ta. angularis: the head is much more ad- vanced, and is larger than in that species. In other respects the two insects are very similar. I have two specimens of this insect which were taken in the neighbourhood of London; and, unless | am mistaken, several in- dividuals were captured near Hammersmith many years since by a collector, who has suffered. them to perish. Sp. 3. macularis. Puare II. f.3: Niger, glaber, confertissimé punctatus, ore, antennis thoraceque ferrugineis, pedibus pallidis, elytris macula humerali lineola apicis margineque laterali rufo- ferrugineis. (Long. ¢. 5 lin.) Cy. macularis? Mannerhetm.—TVa. macularis.— Steph. Catal. No. 35. This very pretty and distinct species, which appears to be the Cy. macularis of Mannerheim according to the description of De Jean, differs from the other in- digenous species of the genus by its very superior breadth, and in several other important discrepancies: it is also much larger; it has the mouth, antenne, and thorax ferruginous, the latter being rather dusky on the dise, which is very . thickly, though delicately punctate: the thorax is slightly emarginated in front, and has its edges very thickly and strongly punctured with impressed dots: the elytra are broad, with the margin, a large humeral spot connected therewith, and a dash towards the apex pale rufo-ferruginous: they are depressed, rather glossy and punctate, with rather obsolete stric, not much impressed: the body beneath is deep glossy black: the legs and antenne are ferruginous. I have seen one specimen only of this species, which is in my BRACHINIDA.—BRACHINUS. $3 own collection, and was obtained from that of Mr. Marsham, in which it was placed as the other sex of Ta. humeralis: the habitat I cannot give. + Sp. 4. humeralis. Prare dl. f.4. Niger glaber, subtilitér punc- tatus, ore, antennis, pedibusque ferrugineus, elytris maculé hu- merali margineque antice flavo-testaceis. (Long. ec. 4—5 lin.) Ca. humeralis. Fabrictws.—Ta. humeralis.— Steph. Catal. No. 36. Head shining black, large, thickly, but not deeply, punctate: the mouth and palpi ferruginous: thorax much broader in front and truncate, the sides rounded, the base a trifle rounded, with the angles minute and prominent: the dise convex above, sparingly and slightly punctate, glossy black, the edge thickly and strongly punctate and depressed, the sides reddish-piceous: to- wards the base two impressed foveole : the scutellum punctate, rufo-piceous : the elytra oblong, rather oval, flat, rounded anteriorly, and nearly square at the tip; they are very deeply striated: the strie very slightly punctate, with very minute impressed dots between, and two or three very deeply impressed near the third: in colour they are blackish, the outer margin being testaceous- yellow from the base nearly to the extremity, with an oblong spot of the same colour at the basal angle, which is united to the margin: the body beneath is glossy rufo-piceous, with the edge of the abdomen black: the legs are totally of a pale ferruginous: the antenne are of the same colour, and pubescent, with the base bald. I have seen only two specimens of this species, one in the British Museum, captured by Dr. Leach near Swansea; the other in the Rey. F. W. Hope’s cabinet, taken at Cuckfield, Sussex. Grnus X.—Bracuinus, Weber. Palpi filiform, the terminal joint truncate: /abiwm membranaceous, with a co- riaceous stripe in the middle, the upper margin straight, entire, with the angles rather prominent: labial palpi, with their fourth joint rounded, oval: mazil- lary palpi filiform: mentum lobated, with a toothless notch in the middle: labrum short, transverse: mandibles short, dentate at their base: tarsi, with their joints nearly cylindric, simple: body thick, rather convex. Head oval, rather produced behind: thorax elongate-cordate: elytra oval, slightly truncate: Jegs moderate: claws simple: wings large: antenne filiform. The Brachini are readily known from the other genera of this family by the convex form of the body, combined with short filiform palpi; from Cymindis they are discriminated by having the claws simple, and by their vivid colours: they usually secrete themselves beneath stones or dead leaves, and are distinguished by a faculty subsequently detailed. 34 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Sp. 1. crepitans. Puare Il. f. 6. Ferrugineus; elytris subcostats, cyaneo-virescentibus ; antennarum articulo tertio quartoque ab- domineque obscuris. (Long. c. 23—4z lin.) Ca. crepitans, Linné.—Br. crepitans.— Steph. Catal. No. 37. This remarkable insect varies much in size and in colour: the head is oblong, ferruginous-red : the antenne are of the same colour, with a conspicuous ob- scure spot on the third and fourth joints: the eyes are projecting and black: the thorax is cordate, the colour of the head, slightly wrinkled transversely, and very obsoletely punctured with a longitudinal impressed line: the scu- tellum is ferruginous: the elytra are much broader than the thorax, oblong, rather oval, round at the base, very slightly pubescent, and delicately punc- tate: they are strongly costate, or ribbed, and they vary much in the in- tensity of their colour, in some species the green tinge predominates, in others the blue, the smallest specimens being usually the brightest,—which is the reverse of the continental specimens, as De Jean says the largest are the most vivid green.—Beneath, the abdomen is of an obscure brown: the middle of the breast is more or less reddish: and the legs are ferruginous-red. Far from an uncommon species, occurring even among the “ busy haunts of man,” on the northern verge of the metropolis; but its most usual habitat appears to be on the banks of the larger rivers, and near Gravesend and Southend, on the shores of the Thames, it occurs in great profusion; it also occurs near Cobham in Surry, at Hertford, in the New Forest, Hants, near Teignmouth in Devon- shire, and in Glamorganshire. I noticed in page 12, that the typical genus of this family was endowed with a remarkable and singular property as a defence against the attacks of its enemies, and as this species is not only the most common of the genus in Britain, but also the one upon which the observations were originally made, I shall here detail it. At the posterior extremity of the abdomen a little sae or bladder is placed, which is furnished with the means of producing a highly volatile fluid, which the animal has the power of suddenly ejecting : this fluid is apparently of an acid nature, and is of so pungent a quality as to irritate considerably any part of the body upon which it falls; and if any should by accident get into the eyes, the pain for a time is excessive ; and if permitted to be discharged upon the skin, it becomes coated with a kind of dusky tinge. Now from the very rapid volatilization of this fluid when emitted from the body of the animal, a curious effect is produced, accompanied with a considerable explosion—especially in the larger continental species, as related by foreigners—and a bluish kind of vapour BRACHINIDA.——BRACHINUS. 35 ascends, which is found to be most beneficially employed by the animal for its own preservation. In common with the other smaller Geodephaga this insect is obnoxious to the attacks of the larger species, and it has been observed, that when one of the latter makes an assault upon it, that it lies down in the path of its adversary— who advances with expanded jaws ready to devour it—and imme- diately discharges its artillery, as it has not unaptly been termed, which causes the enemy suddenly to draw back in confusion, and the Brachinus conceals itself in some neighbouring crevice, or flies off: the latter method is seldom resorted to. From this mili- tary kind of procedure the Brachini have been called Bombardiers ; and it is stated by Rowlander that they are capable of effecting eighteen or twenty discharges at a time, though, notorious as this fact is, a practical English collector asserts* that the account is little better than a fable and an amusing tale; but I presume that this author must have laboured under some delusion, or has not paid that attention to the subject, which appears requisite, before attempting to controvert a well-established fact. So far as my ex- perience leads me, I have invariably found that the insects are ready to discharge their ammunition at all times, especially if roughly handled; and Mr. Cooper informs me, that one he met with at Cobham, in the beginning of the present spring, performed the operation no less than thirteen times in rapid succession. Sp. 2. explodens. Ferrugineus; elytris sublevibus nigro-cyaneis antennarum articulo tertio quartoque abdomineque obscuris. (Long. corp. 24 lin.) Br. explodens? Dufts.—Steph. Catal. No. 38. Very similar to the last, but smaller, and the elytra of a deeper hue, with less elevated coste: like Br. crepitans, the antenne have the third and fourth joints spotted with dusky, and the abdomen obscure fuscous: the head, thorax, legs, and antenne, except as above noticed, are bright ferruginous ; the elytra blue-black, with very obsolete ribs, and the abdomen dusky. Four specimens, which are evidently distinct from Br. crepitans, and agree pretty accurately with the description of Br. explodens of Duftschmidt, were taken near Southend in April last by the Rey. F. W. Hope, who furnished me with a pair while recent. * Vide Millard’s Outlines of Brit. Ent. p. 221. 86 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Sp. 3. glabratus. Ferrugineus ; elytris sublevibus, cyaneis; ab-= domine obscuro. De Jean. (Long.c. 22 lin.) Br. glabratus. Bonelli. Steph. Catal. No. 39. Very similar to Br. crepitans, but at once distinguished from it by the want of the elevated coste on the elytra, and by having the antenne spotless, by which character it may also be known from Br. explodens. It is ferruginous, with the elytra bluish-green, and the abdomen obscure fuscous. The first indigenous specimen of this species which I examined was taken by myself in the month of June, 1819, beneath a stone near Dover, on the road to Folkestone, and Dr. Leach took a second, about three years since, near Ashburton, in Devonshire, which he sent to the British Museum, where it is now deposited. No other instance of its inhabiting Britain has come to my know- ledge, but it is probably not uncommon in the districts above-men- tioned. Sp. 4. sclopeta. Prare ll. £5. Ferrugineus; elytris sublevibus, cyaneis, sutura abbreviata ferrugined. (Long. e: 3 lin.) Br. sclopeta. abricius.— Steph. Catal. No. 40. Known at first sight by the abbreviated red dash at the base of the elytra, near the scutellum: it is rather less than the general size of Br. crepitans, a little more elongated, and rather more convex: it is ferruginous on the head, thorax, breast, and the entire abdomen ; the legs are also of that colour, as well as the antenne and the basal half of the suture: the elytra are rather shorter and broader than in the common species, and are blue-green, without elevated lines: the antenne are clear ferruginous-red, without any duskiness on the third and fourth joints. Of this species I have seen but three specimens, the first of which was captured by Dr. Leach in Devonshire, two years since; the second is in the collection of the Rev. F. W. Hope, and the other in my own. I am not aware of the locality of the two last, but I rather suspect that mine came from Hastings. Famity Ii].—Scaritivm, Mac Leay. Elytra not truncated : abdomen remote from the thorax, or pedunculated. An- tenne moniliform, the basal joint largest: /abrum short, entire, or dentate, sometimes trilobate: mandibles generally dentated on the inner edges: maa- ille ciliated internally, bent, with a claw at the tip: Jabiwm short, broad, ex- panded on the upper edge, or projecting, trilobate, with the central lobe ob- tuse and truncate at the tip; labial palpi four in number: mentum large, ie litt has SCARITIDA.—SCARITES, 37 tridentate, the middle tooth strong: anterior tibiw deeply emarginated inter- nally, and generally expanded and palmated externally: anterior tarsi simple in both sexes: head large.—Labhial palpi four-jointed ; two in number, not four, as stated by a typographical error in page 36. The typical character of this family, as observed by Mr. Mac- Leay, “consists in the broken antenne, the pedunculated abdo- men, the semilunar thorax, and digitated anterior feet.” Several genera are found in Britain, which may be thus briefly discrimi- nated :— forté dentate : é 3 : 2 1]. SCARITES. haud dentate: . . 5 12. OXYGNATHUS ? denticulate: Thorux { quadratus : 13. Crivina. i globosus: . 14, DyscHiRtius. Tibie antice haud palmate - : - 6 : Tibic antice palmate : Mandibulee introrstun 1 15, DrstoMuUs. Genus XI.—Scanires, Fabricius. Lairum very short, tridentate: mandibles large, porrecied, strongly dentated internally: external mavillary palpi and terminal joint of the labial nearly cylindric: abiwm shori, broad, concave, emarginate: mentum trilobate: an- tenne with the basal joint subconic, the remaining joints gradually increasing in thickness to the tip: ‘horar broad, lunate: body oblong, more or less depressed: anterior tibie strongly palmated: the rest simple. The insects of this genus are nocturnal feeders; and during the day they lurk almost without motion in the holes which they dig in the earth, but at night they sally forth in quest of their prey: they frequent the sea-coasts, but are very rare in Britain. There are two sections of this genus, which is rather an extensive one; the first of which possesses two perpendicular spines on the interme- diate legs; the second one spine only :—Se. Beekwithii and sub- terraneus belong to the first, and levigatus to the second. + Sp. 1. Beckwithii. Puave III. f. 1.—Niger, tibiis anticis triden- tatis, postice quadridenticulatis, elytris oblongis, striatis, stris _ haud punctatis ; antennis pedibusque nigro-piceis.—(Long. corp. 82 lin.) Se. Beckwithii. Steph. Catal. No. 41. Apparently very closely allied to Se. subterraneus ; dull black above: the head smooth, with two deep impressions in front: the antenne reddish-brown : + Sp.2. subterraneus. Niger, tibiis anticis tridentatis, posticé denticulatis ; elytris oblongis, striatis, striis obsoletissime punctatis, punctisque tribus impressis. (Long. corp. 73 lin.) Sc. subterraneus. Fabricius.—Martyn, Col. pl. 38. f. 46.—Steph. Catal. No. 42. More convex than the preceding: it is brilliant black above: the head has two longitudinal impressions: the elytra are oblong, striated ; the striz obsoletely ManovigsuLata, Vou. I. ist Aucust, 1827. I 35 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. eyes dusky: the thorax is broader than the head, a little excised anteriorly, and emarginated posteriorly : it is smooth and slightly convex, with an obsolete longitudinal line, and a deeply impressed one parallel with the anterior margin: the elytra are rather convex, with eight not very deeply impressed smooth strie, the lateral ones being slightly obliterated: the under parts of the body are pitchy-black ; the legs ferruginous-brown, the tarsi and denti- culations being palest : on the intermediate tibie are two perpendicular spines. I have seen but three reputed indigenous specimens of this species, which appear to be distinct from Sc. subterraneus; though, as I have not had an opportunity of collating them together, I cannot confidently assert that they are all the same. Of these the one from which the accompanying figure and description were drawn is in the collection of N. A. Vigors, Esq., and was formerly in that of Mr. Beckwith; but its locality remains unknown : the second speci- men is in the British Museum, and was obtained from the collection of the late Mr. Lyon, who took it near Dover: and the third specimen was captured about fifteen years since on the Yorkshire coast. punctated, with three impressed dots on the disc: the anterior tibie are tri- dentate in front, and denticulated behind. Martyn appears to have introduced this insect, which is a native of North America, into the British Fauna, probably by mistake for the individual above mentioned, which was in the collection of the late Mr. Beckwith. t Sp. 3. levigatus. Miger, tibiis anticis tridentatis, postice bidenticulatis, elytris oblongis, subdepressis, obsolete striato-punctatis, punctisque duobus posticis impressis. (Long. corp. 7 lin.) Sc. levigatus. Fabrictus.—Wilkin.— Steph. Catal. No. 43. Similar to the preceding, but less, and more depressed. Antenne fuscous: head black: thorax black, immaculate, rounded behind, with a central channel : elytra black, very smooth, glossy, but with a lens a trifle striated and punc- tated. , This species appears to have been accidentally introduced into the British list, in a printed list of the rare insects contained in Mr. Wilkins’s collection, by mistake, for the insect described above. I have never seen a reputed indi- genous specimen. Genus XII.—Oxyenatuus? De Jean. Latrum short, indistinct: mandibles porrected, bent, very acute, not dentate internally : labial palpi with the terminal joint nearly cylindric: mentum trilobate; anterne moniliform; the basal joint long, the others less, rounded, gradually thickened towards the extremity: body oblong, cylindric: thorax quadrate : anterior izbi@ palmated. +Sp. 1. anglicanus Plate III. f. 2. Niger, nitidus; antennis, palpis, tarsisque nig‘ro-piccis.—( Long. corp. 55 lin.) SCARITIDH.—CLIVINA. 39 Genus XIII.—Crivina, Latreille. Labrum a little advanced, quadrate, transverse: mandibles short, acute, denti- culated from their base to the apex: labiwm transverse, gibbous: labial palpi with the terminal joint nearly cylindric: antenne moniliform, with the basal joint stout, the following very long: body elongate, subdepressed : thorax qua- drate: wings two or none: anterior tibia palmated externally and at the tip. The Clivine are usually found beneath stones, on the borders of rivers and lakes, or in banks in damp places ; they are distinguished from the Dyschirii by the form of the thorax, and from the other genera of this family by their small size. Sp. 1. Fossor. Nigro-piceo vel brunnea, ore, antennis, pedibusque rufis, elytris concoloribus profundé punctato-striatis.—(Long. corp. 3—3z2 lin.) Te. Fossor. Linné.—Cl. Fossor. Steph. Catal. No. 45. Head nigro-piceous, subpunctated ; the mouth and palpi pale testaccous: eyes globose, with an elongate arched impression between them: thorax truncate anteriorly, a little convex, shining pitchy-black, obsoletely strigated, and rather deeply channelled in the middle: elytra rather convex, punctato-striate, shining pitchy-black, with four distant impressed dots on the third striz from the suture : body beneath pitchy-black, glossy, smooth, convex: legs short, stout, and, with the antenne, totally rusty-red.—This species varies according to its maturity in being entirely pale testaceous, brown, or chesnut, with the legs and antenne paler. Far from an uncommon insect in the south of England. Ar. anglicanus. Hope’s MSS.—Ox? anglicanus. Steph. Catal. No. 44. Deep glossy black, with the antenne, palpi, and tarsi? * ferruginous: the head depressed with an impressed dot on the forehead, and an irregular impression on each side above the eyes: thorax rather elongated, slightly emarginated in front, with a straight longitudinal line, and a subflexuous one on each side, centrical between it and the margin : elytra linear, subconvex, deeply striated, the strie rather deeply punctated: legs black: the anterior tibie tridentate externally, and bidentate internally. The only specimen of this curious insect which I have seen, and which is evidently of a form otherwise peculiar to South America, was picked up in -a dead and mutilated state in the fields eastward of Peckham, about five years since: and from the circumstance of that spot being annually occupied by booths, &c., for the sale of merchandize, the exhibition of animals, and so forth, I presume that it may have been accidentally dropped therefrom, and has thus found its way into our Fauna. From the singularity of its form I have introduced a figure, through the kindness of the Rey. F. W. Hope, to whom the specimen belongs. * One of the anterior tarsi alone remains. 40 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. ‘Sp. 2. collaris. Prave Ill. f. 3.—Nigro-castaneus, elytris pal- lidioribus punciato-striatis, ore, antennis, pedibusquerufis. (Long. corp. 23—3 lin.) Ca. collaris. Herbst.—Cl. collaris. Steph. Catal. No. 46. Closely allied to Cl. Fossor, but evidently distinct, although reputed by modern continental entomologists as a simple variety of that species: it is usually smaller, and it is of a deep chesnut-black, with the mouth, antenne, and legs rufous, or pale in some specimens ; the elytra reddish-chesnut, with the suture sometimes dusky: they are rather deeply punctate-striated, with deeper impressed dots on the third stria from the suture, as in many of the Carabide: and in general this species is winged, while Cl. collaris is gene- rally destitute of wings, or has them merely rudimentary or imperfect. I have no hesitation in referring this species to the Ca. collaris of Herbst, although it must be confessed his description is rather Jaconic and general, and his figure not very good. Dr. Leach has denominated it by the MSS. name of Cl. sanguinea: it is not un- common in hedges in many places near London, particularly in Battersea fields, and on the banks of the Thames. Genus X1V.—Dyscuirius, Panzer. Lahrum gibbous, obtusely rounded in front: mandibles stout, very acute, den- ticulated at the base: lahiwm transverse, trifid : labial palpi with the terminal joint nearly cylindric: antenne filiform, the basal joint stoutest, the second longest: body elongated, subcylindric: thorax globose: wings two: anterior tibie palmated externally, rarely at the tip. Being unable satisfactorily to determine the species of this genus by experience, from their rarity near London, and having con- sequently been ebliged to depend upon the collation of the few “‘ dried specimens,” which I possess with De Jean’s Coléopicres, &e. I have adopted his deseriptions in preference to working them anew, in order to guard against error; and I here take the oppor- tunity of remarking that from the utter impossibility of deciding, with the requisite accuracy, upon the identity of other specimens of minute insects, than such as I have an opportunity of thoroughly examining and comparing, minutely, with those which are in my own possession, it is probable that more species may be at present contained in collections than I ean possibly detect. Sp. l. -nitidus. Swpra eneus nitidus, tibiis anticis apice bispt- nosis, extrorsum obsolete bidenticulatis; elytris oblongo-ovatis, striato-punctatis. (Long. corp. 2 lin.) Cl. nitida. De Jean.—Dy. nitidus. Steph. Catal. No. 47. SCARITID#H.—DYSCHIRIUS. ; AL Brilliant bronze: head smooth, with a deep longitudinal line on each side, above the eyes; the anterior part, with the mandibles, palpi, and antenne brown, the latter with the apical joint obscure: eyes dusky: thorax broader than the head, very convex and globular, very smooth, with a deep longitudinal line, and an obsolete transverse one on the anterior margin: the elytra are rather broader than the thorax, oblong-oval, quadrate at the base, much rounded at the tip, and very convex; they are strongly striated, the strie being deeply punctured with three distinct impressions on the third stria from the suture: the body beneath is dusky brown, with a bronzed tinge: the legs are somewhat ferruginous ; a little tinted with bronze on the thighs: the anterior tibie are furnished with two strong spines of equal length, and a smaller one towards the tibial notch. My specimens of this species—which are probably synonymous with the Cl. elloughtonensis of Spence’s MSS.—were obtained from the collection of the late Mr. Marsham. Sp. 2. thoracicus. Supra eneus, nitidus ; tibvis anticis apice bi- spinosis, extrorsum bidenticulatis ; elytris ovatis, tenuiter striato- punctatis ; antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis. (Long. corp. 12— 2 lin.) Ca. thoracicus. Paykul.—Dy. thoracicus. Steph. Catal. No. 48. Of a brilliant bronze, and similar to Dy. nitidus, but smaller: the thorax rather shorter, more globose, the longitudinal line less evident: the elytra are rather shorter, broader, more oval, and somewhat more convex, with the stris more obsolete, and the impressed dots less distinct: the antenne and legs are simi- lar: the anterior tibie have on their external side two teeth, which are more produced than in Dy. nitidus. Found on the coast of Norfolk. Sp. 3. politus. Supra eneus, nitidus; tibiis anticis apice bispino- sis, extrorsum obsolete bidenticulatis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, te- nuiter striato-punctatis. (Long. corp. 2 lin.) Cl. polita. De Jean.—Dy. politus. Steph. Catal. No. 49. Similar to Dy. nitidus ; rather smaller, narrower, and more cylindric : the thorax less globular, rather elongated, with the longitudinal line less distinct: the elytra narrower, more elongated, and less convex ; the striz less evident, and the impressed dots very indistinct, I possess a pair of this species, but I am unacquainted with their locality. Sp. 4. eylindricus. Supra eneus; tibiis anticis apice bispinosis, extrorsum bidenticulatis; elytris oblongis, parallelis, striato- punctatis. (Long. corp. 2% lin.) 42 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Cl. cylindrica. De Jean.—Dy. cylindricus. Steph. Catal. No.-50. Also allied to Dy. nitidus, but narrower and more cylindric than politus : it is of a deeper but less brilliant bronze above: the thorax is, as in the last species, a little less globose, more elongate, with the longitudinal line less evident: © the elytra are more elongated and nearly parallel ; and their strie are deeply impressed, and very strongly punctate: the anterior tibia are more strongly bidenticulated than in Dy. nitidus. I have one specimen agreeing with the above, which was found at Swansea. Sp. 5. arenosus. Supra ferrugineo-eneus, tibiis anticis apice bispi- nosis, extrorsum obsolete bidenticulatis ; elytris ovatis, striato-punc- tatis. (Long. corp. 2 lin.) Dy. arenosus? Leach MS'S'.—Steph. Catal. No. 51. This approaches in form to the following, but it is considerably larger: its colour (which may probably arise from immaturity) is of a ferruginous- bronze, with the legs, antenne, and palpi pale: the thorax is larger, less glo- bular than in the preceding species, and the elytra are more deeply punctato- striated. There is a specimen in the British Museum bearing the above MSS. name, which appears to correspond with one which is in my collection, and from which the above characters are drawn. My specimen was obtained from an unknown source. Sp. 6. digitatus? Supra eneus, tibiis anticis apice bispinosis (spina interna arcuata) extrorsum valde bidenticulatis; elytris ovatis punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 2 lin.) Cl. digitata? De Jean.—Dy. digitatus. Steph. Catal. No. 52. The form and size of Dy. thoracicus, but of a less brilliant bronze: the longi- tudinal line on the thorax is rather deeper: the strie on the elytra are more evident and deeply punctated: the interior spine, which terminates the an- terior tibie, is recurved at its extremity, and the other denticulations of the tibie are more distinct than in the other species. Of this insect I possess a single specimen, which accords with De Jean’s description, excepting that the recurved spine is less evident. It may probably be a monstrosity of some other species ; but I know not to which it can be referred. Sp. 7. eneus. Supra @neus, tibiis anticis apice bispinosis, ea- trorsum bidenticulatis; elytris oblongo-ovatis, striato-punctatis. (Long. corp. 15;—13 lin.) SCARITIDZ.—DISTOMUS. 43 Cl. enea. Ziegler.—Dy. eneus. Steph. Catal. No. 53. Very similar to Dy. nitidus, but generally much smaller: it is of a deeper and less brilliant bronze: the longitudinal thoracic line is less impressed, and the two denticulations on the anterior tibiz are more evident. This appears to be a London species: it was found abundantly in a dry bank near Walham-green, in June last, by Mr. West- wood. Sp. 8. tristis. Piceo-niger, tibiis anticis apice bispinosis, extrorsum obsoletissimé bidenticulatis, elytris ovatis, tenuiter striato-punc- tatis. (Long. corp. 17 lin.) Dy. tristis. ? MS'S.—Steph. Catal. No. 54. Closely allied to the last, but of a deep, not very glossy, black: the impressed longitudinal line on the thorax is very obsolete, and the striations on the elytra are less evident than in the other species, and become very indistinct towards the tip: the elytra are somewhat piceous at the extremity, and are scarcely shining: the anterior tibie are very obsoletely denticulated externally, and the legs are browner than in the other species. I have noticed an insect, which from the colour appears to be the same as the present, in collections by the MSS. name which is employed above: it is the only species of the genus, exclusive of Dy. gibbus, which I have ever captured, having once taken a pair near Hertford. Mr. Ingpen found one on Wimbledon-common. Sp. 9. gibbus. Supra nigro-eneus ; tibiis anticis apice bispinosis, extrorsum obsolete bidenticulutis ; elytris ovatis, subglobosis, striato- punctatis, striis apice obsoletis. (Long. corp..14—1¢ lin.) Se. gibbus. Labricius.—Dy. gibbus. Steph. Catal. No. 55. The smallest species of the genus: entirely of a bronzed black: the thorax is shorter, more globose, and has a less evident longitudinal line than Dy. tho- racicus: the elytra are stouter, broader, more oval and convex ; the striz are strongly marked and deeply punctate, but are nearly obliterated on the outer margin and towards the extremity of the elytra: the under parts of the body resemble those of Dy. thoracicus; but the external denticulations on the tibie are more distinct. This is a very common species in the neighbourhood of London, especially in Battersea-fields. Genus XV.—Distomus, Leach. Labrum slightly notched: labial palpi rather short, the terminal joints cylin- dric: mandibles conic, a little curved, slightly dentate ; anfenne filiform, the 4A, MANDIBULATA,.—COLEOPTERA. joints elongate, nearly cylindric: thorax heart-shaped: head unarmed: body depressed : anterior tibie not palmate. This genus stands in the foreign collection at the British Museum as Distomus of Dr. Leach, who appears to have separated it from — Ditomus of Bonelli, though its characters have not yet been laid down. I have therefore endeavoured to supply them; but as the examination of the specimens in the Museum is necessarily confined to an external view, I fear that I may not have seized upon all the characters which distinguish this from the congenerous groups of Ditomus and Aristus,—from the former of which it may readily be known, by the absence of the tubercles, or horns, on the head and jaws, in both sexes,—and from the latter by the more depressed form and smaller head and thorax. Sp. 1. Leachii. Puare Ill. f. 4. Piceo-niger, punciatissimus, elytris saturatioribus, antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis, thorace lined longitudinali obsoletéd impressd. (Long. corp. 5 lin.) Di. Leachii. Samonelle, MSS'.— Steph. Catal. No. 56. Allied to, if not the same as, Dit. fulvipes of De Jean—at least from his descrip- tion ;—it is pitchy-black, very much punctate, the thorax rufo-piceous, with an obsolete longitudinal impressed line: the elytra are striated, the interstices deeply and thickly punctated: the legs and antenne are totally pitchy-red. The only specimen I have seen of this species was taken by Dr. Leach about three years since, on the borders of Dartmoor, in De- vonshire; it is now in the British Museum. Famiry 1V.—CARABID/At, Mac-Leay. Elytra entire, covering the abdomen: the anterior tibie not emarginated. Antenne linear, or setaceous: labrum trilobate, or bilobate, sometimes simple : mandibles simple, or unidentate, rarely tridentate: mavill ciliated internally, with a claw at the tip: labiwm generally with a tooth on its upper margin: labial palpi with four joints: mentum large, broad, generally produced in the centre: anterior tarsi greatly dilated in the males. The Carabide are’ generally large and showy insects, and are usually adorned with splendid colours; they are mostly apterous; when irritated they have the property of ejecting a highly acrid and volatile fluid; the species found in Britain may be subdivided into eight genera, thus cursorily discriminated :— CARABID/.—CYCHRUS. 45 Elytra deflexa, latera abdominis ampleetentia : . . . - 16. Cycurus. Elytra haud f{ trilobatum: 5 ° 3 > - 17. PROCRUSTES. latera abdo- minis am- | bilobatum: Antenne ( cylindrico : E - 18. Carazus. plectentia : articulo tertio Labrum ae E : . - 19. CaLosoma. duz: Palpi - articulis equa- Beever aes libus : - 20. NEBRIA. (simplex : [.\ Alas articulo ultimo Palpi longissimo: 2]. Hrropra. nulle : : : . 22. ALPEUS. elongati, articulo tertio longissimo : . 23. LEISTUs. Grenus XVI.—Cycurus, Fabricius. Labrum strongly bilobate: mandibles porrect, rather slender, internally bidentate at the tip: mavillary palpi, internal with the terminal joint depressed, suboval, acuminated ; external with the basal joint minute, second elongated, third and fourth of equal length, the latter spoon-shaped: labial palpi with the basal joint or scape elongated, second short, third long and spinose, the terminal spoon-shaped: labium tripartite: mentum quadrate, not toothed. Antenne setaceous : thorax subcordate, truncated behind: elytra defiexed, embracing the sides of the abdomen: wings none: anterior tarsi simple in both sexes: palpi of male more dilated than in the female. The genus Cychrus is readily known by its slender attenuated head and thorax, and by its projecting mandibles and expansive broad elytra, which are reflected over the sides of the abdomen: it has also two peculiar labial appendages, being slender processes, arising at either side of the labium, and denticulated externally at the base. Sp. 1. rostratus. Wiger,immaculatus, capite elongato-angusto, punctulato, elytris granulato-rugosis, carinato-angulatis. (Long. corp. 8—10 lin.) Te. rostratus. Linné. Ca. rostratus. Don, xiv. pl. 504, f: 2.—Cy. rostratus. Steph. Catal. No. 57. Head projecting, much elongated, narrow, black, slightly rugose-punctate, with an impression near the eyes, and an elevated line above the base of the an- tenn: thorax small, oblong, anteriorly broader than the head, truncate, its sides and base rounded and elevated; above depressed, thickly rugose- punctate, with a slight longitudinal channel: elytra ovate, much broader than the thorax, dilated in the middlc, attenuated towards the tips, and a trifle acuminated ; acutely keeled on the sides with a broad inflexed mar- gin ; they are very convex, entirely black, slightly shining, and very thickly granulated: the body beneath is smooth glossy black: the legs are long and black: the antenne very slender, black at the base, and brownish at the tip: the mandibles are rust-coloured at the tip. Far from an uncommon species near London, and I believe fre- Manprpuxata, Vou. I. lst SEPTEMBER, 1827. G 46 MANDIBULATA.—-COLEOPTERA. quently taken in other parts: at Coombe-wood I have repeatedly found several specimens by searching in the early spring months amongst the dead leaves in the water-courses, or under the refuse materials of faggot stacks. Dr. Leach has captured it in Devon- shire; and on the borders of Loch Lomond in Scotland, and other parts of that country, he found it abundantly. . ; Sp.2. elongatus. Niger, capite levi ; thorace postice subexcavato, angulis pos- ticis reflexis, subrotundatis; elytris utrinque carinatis, granulato-punctatis, lineisque tribus elevatis obsoletis. De Jean. (Long. corp. 8—95 lin.) Cy. elongatus. De Jean.—Lit. Gaz.—Steph. Catal. No. 58. Very similar to the preceding, but more elongated and attenuated, and some- what larger: it is found in most parts of Europe, and De Jean is of opinion that it is merely a variety of Cy. rostratus. In the Literary Gazette of the 11th of March last, this insect (alluded to in page 18) is mentioned as a native of Britain; but the specimen referred to, which was taken near Charlton in Kent, having been since brought to me for inspection, I at once perceived that it was merely the female of Cy. rostratus, and was surprised to find that it had been pronounced a new species to this country | + Sp. 3. attenuatus. Miger, elytris subcupreis, punctis elevatis triplict serie, capite angustissimo. (Long. corp. 8 lin.) Cy. attenuatus. Fabrictus.—Steph. Catal. No. 59. Allied to the last ; but less, the thorax much narrower and more rounded be- hind: the elytra shining copper with a triple series of elevated strie and spots: the thighs black ; the tibie, tarsi, and antenne pale. This species I unfortunately introduced into my prospectus as a British insect, from erroneous information given to me respecting the individual specimen mentioned under Cy. elongatus: at present, therefore, the existence of Cy. attenuatus as an indigenous insect has not been ascertained. Genus XVII.—Procrustes, Bonelli. Labrum trilobate: mandibles arcuate, with two teeth in the middle: mazzllary palpi, internal with the basal joint very short, terminal bent ; external with first joint short, second longest, third and fourth equal, the latter truncated obliquely : labial palpi with the two first joints short, third long, dilated at the apex, fourth subtrigonal, obliquely truncated : /abiwm short, tridentate : men- tum ovate, rounded at the sides, and bilobate in the middle. Antenne linear, fourth joint shortest: thoraw nearly quadrate, truncate behind : elytra united : wings none: anterior tarsi dilated in the male. t Sp. 1. coriaceus. Azer, thorace obsoleté subrugoso opaco, elytris connatis, profundé rugoso-punctatis. (ong. corp. 1 une. 6 lin.) Ca. coriaceus. Linné.—Turton.—Steph. Catal. No. 60. CARABIDE.——CARABUS. _ AY Genus X VIII.—Carasus Auctorum. m Labrum bilobate: mandibles arcuate, with a small tooth in the middle: internal maxillary palpi with both joints of equal length, and filiform ; external with the first joint very short, second elongate, third and fourth equal, the latter obliquely truncated : Jabial palpi with the two basal joints short, third elon- gate, fourth securiform, obliquely truncate: Jabiwm short, tridentate: mentum linear, rounded laterally, unidentate in the middle. Antenna linear, second joint shortest, third cylindric: thorax subcordate, emarginate behind, with the posterior angles prominent: abdomen oval, wings none, or rudimentary : anterior tarsi of males dilated. These conspicuous insects fully illustrate the difficulty we labour under in our attempts to subdivide natural objects into groups of similar rank and import- ance, as a transient inspection of the genus Carabus, in its present restricted sense, will manifestly render evident ; the structure of Ca. intricatus and auratus (figured in Plate III.) being more dissimilar than that of other in- sects, e. g., Nebria and Helobia, which are usually placed in different genera, or, as some persons designate them, subgenera. Yet, as I do not choose to increase the number of generic names, I shall content myself with merely subdividing the indigenous species into two sections, as, from the paucity of them in Britain, no great advantage would be derived from descending to the consideration of minute sectional characters, however desirable when ap- plied to all the known species: it may be remarked that the majority have the elytra united, while C. cancellatus has them capable of motion, and is fur- nished with long rudimentary wings. A. Elytra not sulcated. Sp. 1. intricatus. +PLare III. f. 6.—Elongutus, niger, supra cyaneus, thoracis angulis posticis acuminatis, elytris striis tuberculato-rugosis. (Long. corp. 1 unc.—1 une. 3 lin.) Carabus intricatus. Linné.—Don, xv. pl. 526. fix. inf.—Steph. Catal. No. 61. Head black, glossed with violet, with a deep impression on each side, the fore- Head black, rugose: thorax black, opaque, sub-cordate, truncate anteriorly, emarginate posteriorly ; obsoletely transversely striated, with a slender im- pressed longitudinal line: the elytra are black, opaque, convex, much broader than the thorax, thickly and deeply rugose-punctate, without distinct strix : body beneath convex, black, smooth, shining: legs elongate, black: an~ tenne black at the base, pubescent and brownish at the tip. This magnificent insect is marked as a native of Britain by Dr. Turton, but I believe without any authority, as I have never seen a specimen in any collec- tion which has passed under my observation, neither have I ever met with any individual who has ; but as I have pledged myself to insert all the species which have been introduced into our list by my predecessors, it is clearly incumbent on me to notice this insect. 48 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. head rugose: thorax longer than broad, attenuated behind, depressed above, with a deep longitudinal groove: it is transversely rugose throughout, of a deep violet, often tinged with green, with the margin itself black: the elytra are oblong-ovate, the base rather broader than the thorax, the shoulders | obliquely rounded, a little dilated beyond the middle, and the apex obliquely truncate: in colour they are deep shining violet ; the suture is a trifle ele- vated, and on each elytron are three series of oblong olivaceous or bronzed tubercles ; the rest of the surface is very rugose, with elevated, irregular, glossy, intricate strie, especially towards the sides: the under parts of the body are deep glossy blue-black; the legs are long, black; the four basal joints of the antenne are black and glabrous, the rest brownish and pubescent. Few specimens of this noble insect (which is one of the largest indigenous Coleoptera) have hitherto been captured in Britain: the first was taken by Dr. Leach, about sixteen years ago, near Tavistock, and is in the British Museum: about four years since three or four more were taken, I believe, by Mr. Tucker, in the neighbourhood of Ashburton ; and last year a fine and perfect male was found by J. Abraham, Esq. in some dried wood brought from the vicinity of that place, and by him kindly presented to my cabinet. One of the above specimens is in the collection of Mr. Samouelle. Sp. 3. catenulatus. Oblongus, supra nigro-cyaneus, elytris striis elevatis scabris interstitiis subrugosis, punctisque impressis triplici serie, margintbus cyaneis. (Long. corp. 10—13 lin.) Carabus catenulatus. Fabricius.—Steph. Catal. No. 63. + Head black, glossed with violet, obsoletely striated and dotted, with a deeply impressed spot between the antenne: thorax subcordate, thickly and roughly punctate; of a deep violet tinge; with a slight longitudinal groove; the margin much elevated, especially behind; anteriorly a little emarginate, posteriorly deeply so: the elytra are oblong-ovate ; convex above, black, the margin deep cyaneous or purplish, with about fifteen elevated lines on each, much interrupted and crenated, with the third, seventh, and eleventh from the { Sp. 2. purpurascens. After, thoracis elytrorumque margine violaceo, elytris striatis. (Long. corp. 1 une. 1 lin.) Carabus purpurascens. Fuabricius.—Stewart, v. ii. p. 80.—Steph. Catal. No. 62. Head black ; thorax black, its margin acutely elevated, violet; elytra black, convex, ruggedly punctate, with the margin purplish violet: body beneath smooth, shining black: legs glossy black: antenne black, with the tips brownish. I have not seen an indigenous specimen of this insect: its admission into our Fauna originated with Stewart, who has introduced it as above quoted, probably by mistake, for C. catenulatus. -CARABID.®.—CARABUS. 49 suture more raised than the rest, and interrupted with remote and larger impressed dots: the body beneath is shining black, with the sides of the abdomen a little punctate: the legs are totally black ; the four basal joints of the antenne black and naked ; the remainder brownish and pubescent. A very common and not inelegant species, found on heaths, in gardens, &c. throughout England, Scotland, and Ireland; being most abundant in the two last countries. I have two curious spe- cimens, one of which has the 8th and 9th joints of the antennz implanted on the apex of the 7th, and forming a fork : the other has the anterior and posterior tarsi on the right side considerably abbre- viated, and the ungues totally obliterated. j Sp. 4. agrestis. Niger, thorace subcordato, elytris tenuissimé elevato sub- striatis: striis imbricato-scabrosis. (Long. corp. 9 lin.) Carabus agrestis. Creutzer ?—Steph. Catal. No. 64. Above metallic black, opaque: head obsoletely and loosely punctate: thorax subcordate, scarcely attenuated behind, margined ; the margin reflexed at the base and angles; it is slightly emarginate anteriorly, and has an obsolete longitudinal line, and is thickly sprinkled with impressed dots, especially on the sides and base: the elytra are oblong, entire, a little convex, margined ; the margin slightly reflexed ; with a lens they are thickly striated, the strie are composed of oblong elevated dots, broad towards the base of the elytra and acute at the tips; between them are other impressions which give the surface an imbricated appearance ; and in some specimens there exists a triple series of deeply impressed dots: the legs and base of the antenne are black, the tip brownish; the body beneath shining black. The above description, which is abridged from that of Creutzer *, apparently characterises an insect which is unnamed and unique in the British Museum, to which collection it was presented by Dr. Leach, who received the specimen from Lincolnshire; but as there are many approximating species, I will not positively affirm that this is the agrestis of Creutzer, my usual avocations not permitting me to give the requisite examination to the specimen in question. Sp. 5. monilis. Aver, thorace cupreo, elytris striatis, viridi-cupreis aut cyaneis ; striis tribus punclorum elevatorum lineis ternis elevatis interpositis. (Long. corp. 10 lin.—1 une. 1 lin.) Carabus monilis. Fuabricius.—Steph. Catal. No. 65. An elegant species: the head is deep black, bronzed or greenish; it is rugose in front, with a deep impression on each side, between the antenne: behind slightly punctate : the thorax is subcordate, rather convex, with an impressed * Entomologische Versuche von C. Creutzer. Wien, 1799. 50 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. longitudinal line: the surface is thickly granulated, and rugose behind and at the hinder angles ; the margin is rounded, a little elevated, the posterior angle a trifle produced and obtuse: the thorax is truncate in front, and deeply notched behind: the elytra are oblong-ovate, of a rich green, brassy, or violet tinge, with three interrupted elevated strie, having three lines of equal size between each ; the suture and elevated margin are usually deep black; the under parts of the body and the legs are deep black; the basal joints of the antenne are bronzed black, the terminal joints brownish and pubescent. Var. &. More elongated ; the posterior angle of the thorax shorter ; the elytra with the central line of each series much elevated, the external ones being rather obsolete. Var. y. With the elytra green, striated anteriorly, with the apex and margin very rugose. One of the most variable and elegantly sculptured species of Carabi; not uncommon in the neighbourhood of London and other places, and particularly abundant near Dover. From the very dissimilar aspect of var. 8, I think it highly probable that it will prove to be a distinct species. It appears to be the Ca. consitus of Panzer, fas. eviii. f. 3. Sp. 6. cancellatus. Depressus, supra fngnosaaneas aut niger, antennis basi nigris, elytris striis tribus interruptis elevatis, lined unicd elevaté interpositd. (Long. corp. 9—11 lin.) Car. cancellatus. Fabricius.—Steph. Catal. No. 66.—Ca. granulatus. Don, vii. pl. 222. f. 3: Above dull brassy ; sometimes greenish or deep black: head projecting, thickly punctate, with an impression between the antenne : thorax transversely qua- drate, rather narrower behind, and slightly notched posteriorly ; its surface is thickly punctate, with an impressed longitudinal line, and a deep and rather large impression or fovea near the hinder angle on each side: elytra oblong- ovate, dilated beyond the middle ; rather convex above, with three catenulated lines on each, composed of oblong, elevated, smooth tubercles, and between each a single, elevated, smooth, uninterrupted line ; the entire surface is thickly punctate: the body is smooth, glossy black beneath: the legs and four basal joints of the antenne are black; the rest brownish and pubescent. It has generally the rudiments of wings. This species varies much in colour, but the black varieties are rare near London; whereas the xneous ones are not unfrequent, and are found in profusion in rotten willows, especially in the early spring months ; at other times they are usually taken beneath mosses, dead leaves, stones, &c. Dr. Leach has observed that the specimens taken in mountainous districts were mostly very dark- coloured, and vice versa. f if af Wai Re hare y ce Ve fis ae huis: ; of! nt A i ; ete nly Bi ai vd nh LR Ra nn SAUER oA RRR eR sh Rey reheat an aia! Vuk ace ieee dc craks Serer Tonge tata® Ki | . OR MAND 1 ARNE SN maa Se a ae, ae) Sere en ce 4 ; 1 Me / ; Ff 4 | } si , is y i if 5) Aly ae ane aT Bae OREN URBAN 2 Ee ' ra “ : ey i. ahah a Rhy Lh aoe + 1 7 w is *} rs Prin eas ae a ll ce Be | jap Le io rN ye PSO ON ae em UIT oy) yi ibis aes \ i 3 A eRe) ” ‘ Sides. sil ne =) bey hy t yay Aw rn ‘ ae Ve ess * : thon ty Dail 1 ik: i t i Hrs rh , aS ‘ A ' Hy vA ¥ i" on ; al re ’ we ‘* LY. CARABIDE.—CARABUS. 51 Sp. 7. granulatus. Prater IV. f. 1.—Subconverus, supra virescente eneus, antennis basi rufis, elytris striis tribus granulatis, striisque levibus alternis interstitiis subrugosis. (Long. corp. 10 lin.) Ca. granulatus. Linné ?—Steph. Catal. No. 67. Above, greenish-eneous, rather shining: head neous, porrect, punctate, with an impression between the antenne on each side: thorax nearly transverse, much narrower behind; deeply notched behind: the sides rounded, dilated in the middle, the hinder angles produced, rounded: rather convex above, punctate throughout, with a transverse impression at the base, and an oblong, obsolete fovea on each side: elytra ovate, dilated in the middle 3 convex above ; rather shining greenish-gold ; in each are three lines of elevated, rather re- mote, smooth, oblong tubercles ; and three elevated entire series of granu- lated lines ; the surface between the strie is irregularly punctate: the body beneath is smooth shining black: the legs are black, with the thighs red: the antenne have the basal joint entirely red ; the three following glabrous and black, the rest fuscous pubescent. Four examples only of this highly elegant insect have occurred in Britain; they were taken in a chalk-pit near Gravesend in the spring of 1826 ; of these, a pair are in the collection of Mr, Ingpen, to whom I am indebted for being enabled to furnish my readers with a figure, and also for one specimen of the insect. Sp. 8. arvensis. Ovatus, niger, supra virescenti-cupreus, aut eneus, elytris obsoleté punctato-striatis, striis tribus elevatis triplici serie. (Long. corp. 8— 10 lin.) Carabus arvensis. Fabricius. —Ent. Trans. (Sowerby) i. pl. 7. fig. med.—Steph. Catal. No. 68. Head brassy, punctulated, obsoletely striated near the eyes, with an impression on each side between the eyés: thorax transverse, the sides rounded, a little narrowed behind, the posterior angles rounded, obtuse ; disc rather convex, with a slight longitudinal line, brown-copper, obsoletely rugose, the margin shining copper, more strongly wrinkled ; at the base on each side an oblong impressed fovea: elytra oblong-ovate, broadest in the middle, convex above, brown or greenish-copper, or of a golden hue, the margin brightest: on each elytron three equidistant elevated lines, interrupted with a deep cupreous im- pression, and between each three thickly punctated, crenulated strix, the central one generally most conspicuous ; the margin is strongly granulated : the body beneath is glossy black: the legs black ; the four basal joints of the antenne black, the rest brownish. Var. #. Entirely of a violaceous tinge above. Var. y. Black above, tinged with neous. A beautiful and variable species, occurring not uncommonly at the roots of trees in the spring on Epping Forest; it is also taken, but sparingly, on Wimbledon-common ; but it is more abundant in 52 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. the New Forest. Dr. Leach took several in the Isle of Arran, and near Tavistock, in Devon; and Mr. Dale has recently found it on the mountains of Cumberland and Westmoreland. Sp. 9. violaceus. EHlongatus convexus niger, thoracis elytrorumque marginibus purpureo-violaceis, elytris granulatis. (Long. corp. 10—13 lin.) Ca. violaceus. Linné. Don, vii. pl. 222. f. 1.—Steph. Catal. No. 69- Head projecting, black, finely punctated and striated, with a small impression on each side between the antenne: the thorax subquadrate, a little emarginate anteriorly, deeply so posteriorly, a trifle dilated before the middle, and narrowed towards the base ; the basal angles deflexed, and rather acuminated ; the disc is slightly convex, with a longitudinal line in the middle; it is thickly but ruggedly punctate, black, with the lateral margins depressed and glossy violet, and a transverse impression and two fovee at the base: the elytra are oblong- ovate, broader than the thorax, dilated in the middle, rather convex, black, opaque, and thickly but irregularly granulate; the margin is broad, slightly punctate, and of a deep shining golden, coppery, or purple-violet: the body beneath is smooth and black; the legs and basal joints of the antenne are black ; the tips of the antenne brownish. One of the commonest species of Carabus, occurring in most places in the south of England during the spring and early summer months, in sand and gravel pits, gardens, orchards, heaths, &e. Sp. 10. glabratus. Oblongus cerulescente-niger immaculatus, elytris convexts subtillissimé granulatis. (Long. corp. 10—12 lin.) Ca. glabratus. Fabricius.—Ent. Trans. (Haworth) i. pl. 2. fig. inf.—Steph. Catal. No. 70. Head convex, slightly punctate and striated, with a short fovea on each side between the antenne : thorax subquadrate, broader than long, slightly notched in front, with the angles rounded, deeply notched behind, with deflexed obtuse angles, the sides anteriorly dilated, the margin elevated ; disc convex, depressed on each side towards the base, with a slight longitudinal line ; the surface entirely varied with flexuous impressed dots: elytra oblong-ovate, very convex, blue-black, with the margin concolorous; they are entirely and very finely sprinkled with oblong granulations, disposed longitudinally, with a larger series of impressions towards the margin: the body beneath shining black, with the sides punctate: the legs entirely, and the four basal joints of the antenne are black ; the rest of the antenne brownish. This appears to be a mountain species; but the first recorded specimen was taken by the Rev. J. Bale, in Surrey, though I have not heard of a second being found so far south: it was captured by Professor Hooker, in plenty, among the Highlands of Scotland, and subsequently by Dr. Leach, who also captured many on the Mono- vollough mountains, in Ireland: it likewise oceurs on the mountains CARABIDZ.—CARABUS. 53 and hills of Westmoreland and Cumberland, where several were taken by Messrs. Dale, Curtis, and Weaver, last June and July. } Sp. 11. convexus. Prats IV. f. 2. Ovatus niger, violaceo-marginatus, elytris confertissimé striatis punctisque parvis impressis conceloribus triplici serie. (Long. corp. 8—9 lin.) Ca. convexus. Fabricius.—Steph. Catal. No. 71. The smallest indigenous species of this genus: head black, a little punctate, with an impression on each side between the antenne : thorax nearly quadran- gular, deeply notched behind, with the posterior angles rounded: disc black, much punctate, and a little rugose; with a slender longitudinal channel ; the edges bluish-black : the elytra ovate, broader in the middle than the thorax, the tip rounded; above convex, black, rather shining, with the margin bluish ; closely striated: the striee obsoletely punctate, with narrow, elevated, crenulated interstices ; and three series of larger impressed dots: body beneath nearly smooth, glossy, black: legs black: antenne with the basal joints black, the rest bluish. A rare British insect ;—in the British Museum are two specimens ; another is in the collection of Mr. MacLeay, and a fourth in that of Mr. Vigors; but I am not aware of the locality of either. How- ever, several specimens were taken a few years since by the Rev. F. W. Hope in Longmont Forest, Shropshire. Sp. 12. hortensis. Ovatus niger, aut fusco-ceneus, thorace subquadrato, elytris obsolete rugosis, punctis excavatis triplict serie, (Long. corp. 9—12 lin.) Ca. hortensis. Fabricius.—Steph. Catal. No. 72. Ca. gemmatus.—Don, vii. pl. 222, fr 2. Head black, rugose in front, with an impression on each side near the eyes: thorax somewhat square, a little notched anteriorly, and rather deeply so pos- teriorly: sides rounded, margin slightly elevated ; above convex, the disc obsoletely punctate-rugose, shining purplish, brassy or dusky ; towards the hinder angles, which are rather elongated and acuminated, very rugose and ¥ Sp. 13. gemmatus. Elongatus niger, elytris striatis margine purpureis, foveolisque cordatis cupreis triplici serie. (Long. corp. 1 unc.) Ca. gemmatus. Fabricius.—Stew. ii. 79.—Steph. Catal. No. 73. Head black: thorax subcordate, thickly punctate, black, the edges coppery- brown, with obsolete basal fovee: elytra oblong-ovate, broader than the thorax, black, inclining to purple, the entire margin purple-copper, with about twenty-six regular strie on each, the interstices crenated, and three series of large, deeply impressed, somewhat heart-shaped, glossy golden-cop- per fover: body beneath and legs black. I have never seen a British specimen of this insect, which was first introduced into the list by Stewart, probably in consequence of Donovan having given the name gemmatus to the preceding species as there referred to. Manpigsutata, Vot. I. lst Ocroser, 1827. H 5A MANDIBULATA,.—COLEOPTERA. deep purple, or brassy-copper: elytra rather broader than the thorax, ovate, slightly convex above, generally of a brown-brass, with the margin purplish- copper or greenish, and on each a triple series of impressed dots, which in some specimens are bright «neous ; the rest of the elytra is irregularly punc- tate, the puncta sometimes disposed longitudinally: the body beneath is © shining black: the legs black: the four basal joints of the antenne glabrous "and black,- the rest pubescent and brownish. This species varies very much in colour, some specimens having the elytra greenish, with the margin brassy-green, concolorous, or purplish ; others have the elytra and thorax cupreous, with brighter margins; others again are nearly black above. Common in the south of England, beneath stones, dead leaves, &c. B. Elytra sulcated. Sp. 14. clathratus. Oblongus subconvexus supra eneo-virescens, elytris lineis tribus elevatis, interjectis foveis aureis triplici serie. (Long. corp. 11—13 lin.) | Ca. clathratus. Linné.—Don, xv. pl. 526. fig. sup.—Steph. Catal. No. 74. Distinguished at first sight by three rows of deeply impressed fovee on each elytron : head glossy-black, with an elongate impression on each side near the eyes: thorax quadrangular, transverse, a little notched anteriorly, and slightly emarginate posteriorly, the hinder angles rounded: the disc brassy-black, rather convex, slightly, but thickly punctulated, with a deep longitudinal groove, and a large bilobate impression on each side, towards the posterior angles: elytra elongate, convex above, greenish or brownish-brass ; each with three equidistant elevated ribs, the inner one at the suture, the interstices finely granulated, and adorned with a single row of round, deeply impressed, shining golden-coppery fovee : on the margin is a row of smaller impressions of a copper colour: the body beneath is shining black, with the sides a little punctate: the legs black: the four basal joints of the antenne the same and glabrous, the remainder pubescent and brownish. Var. 8. The upper surface of the insect deep virescent, with cupreous fover. The first indigenous specimen of this striking and elegant insect was taken by Mr. Haworth at Halvergate, in Norfolk, in the year 1809; subsequently to that period others were taken there, and it was afterwards found by Mr. MacLeay at Caithness (the most northern part of Scotland); it is also found in. the island of Co- lunsa; and by the entomologists of Dublin in great plenty on the coast of Ireland: I am indebted to the Rev. J. Bulwer, F. L.S., &e. for a beautiful series of the insect captured near the Irish metro- polis. ' t Sp. 15. auronitens. Oblongo-ovatus, supra aureo-viridis, antennarum basi pedibusque rubris, elytris costis tribus nigro-violaceis, interstitiis scabris, (Long. corp. 10 lin.) oo or CARABIDA.—CARABUS. Ca. auronitens. Fubricius.—Steph. Catal. No. 75. Head glossy golden-green, thickly punctate; with an elongate fover on each side near the eyes: thorax cordate, slightly notched anteriorly, deeply so pos- teriorly, the hinder angles prominent, deflexed, rather acuminated ; above rather convex, brilliant golden-green, thickly and somewhat deeply punc- tulated, with a slight longitudinal line, and an obsolete rounded foveola on each side at the base: elytra ovate, dilated in the middle, very convex, shining green-gold ; each with three elevated bluish-black ribs, and one on the suture; the interstices thickly and deeply ruggedly punctate, and of a silken gloss: body beneath smooth, shining blue-black: thighs rufous: tibie “pitchy red: tarsi black: antenne, with the basal joints, entirely red, the three following black, glabrous, pitchy at che tip ; the remainder pubescent, black-brown : mandibles and palpi pitchy-red, outwardly dusky. This splendidly brilliant species has long been traditionally re- puted a native of Britain; and I have recently been informed that Mr. H. Griesbach has a specimen, which was lately taken near Dover, but I have not seen it. Sp. 16. auratus. Puare III. f. 6.— Oblongus, aureo-viridis, antennarum arti- eulis qguatuor baseos, ore pedibusque rufis, elyiris costis tribus levibus, inter- stitiis subtilissimé punctulatis, (Long. corp. 1 unc.) Ca. auratus. Linné.—Steph. Catal. No. 76. Head glossy green-gold, slightly punctate, with a short impression on each side between the eyes: thorax heart-shaped, a little emarginate in front, but more deeply notched behind, the hinder angles deflexed, acuminated, rather convex above, glossy green-gold, thickly transversely wrinkled, with a longitudinal impression, and an oblong foveola on each side at the base; elytra oblong- ovate, convex above, shining green-gold, with the margin cupreous or pur- plish, each with three elevated smooth ribs, the interstices finely granulated ; the suture also elevated; and the margin rather rough: the body beneath glossy blue-black, with the pleur and lateral base of the abdomen greenish : the legs red ; the tarsi pitchy-brown: the four basal joints of the antenne rufous and bald, the rest brown and pubescent: the mandibles and palpi rufous, with black tips. A rare British species; I have hitherto seen but three indi- genous specimens: one in the British Museum taken near Ex- mouth, Devon; a second in the collection of Mr. Raddon, taken by Mr. Gibbs, in the same county; and the third (from which the accompanying figure was taken) in my own cabinet. According to Latreille this insect is particularly destructive to the common cockchaffer (Melolontha vulgaris), by attacking and killing the females at the moment of oviposition, and thus pre- venting the birth of thousands of young larve. 56 MANDIBULATA.— COLEOPTERA. Sp. 17. nitens. Ovatus, viridis, elytris aureo aut cupreo marginatis, costis tribus elevatis atris, interstitiis transversim rugosis. (Long. corp. 8—10 lin.) Ca. nitens. Linné.—Sowerby, Brit. Mise. i. pl. 27.—Steph. Catal. No. 77. Head shining ereen-gold, thickly punctulated, with an impression on each side between the eyes: thorax subquadrate, a little emarginate in front, and deeply so behind: the posterior angles rounded ; above glossy greenish-copper, or golden, thickly rugose, punctate, slightly channelled in the middle, and at the base on each side an obsolete impressed foveola: elytra ovate, convex above, silken-green, with the margin splendid red-copper; on each three equidistant, stout, smooth, much elevated, blue-black ribs, and one on the suture, giving the appearance of seven ribs only; these ribs are very fre- quently more or less intercepted, and the interstices are always strongly rugose transversely: the body beneath is shining black: the legs, mouth, and palpi are black: the four basal joints of the antenne are glabrous and black, the rest pubescent and brownish. This brilliant insect notably evinces the advancement of our knowledge of the localities of insects within these few years; 80 recently as the year 1816, the more extensive collections only pos- sessed merely a single specimen of Ca. nitens, and now every small collection may literally be said to abound with specimens. At that period a few had been taken in the New Forest by the late Mr. Bingley, and Sowerby had announced that the insect was to be found on heaths near Durham:—now, through the zeal and in- dustry of Mr. Dale, it is found to be extremely common on Parley and Pools heaths, Hants and Dorsetshire. It also occurs not un- frequently on heaths in the mountainous districts of Westmoreland and North Wales. Mr. Backhouse, of York, informs me that it is found on Stockton common, within four miles of that city; and the Rev. G. T. Rudd has received it from Eston Nab, in the same county. Genus XIX.—Catosoma, Fabricius. Labrum deeply emarginate: mandibles arcuate, with a tooth at the base: max. ille incrassated at the tip: internal maxillary palpi projecting beyond the apex of the maxilla, composed of two equal joints, external with the basal joint minute, second elongate, clavate, third and fourth equal, the latter sub- securiform, truncate: labial palpi with the two basal joints short, third elon- gate, fourth securiform, truncate: lubiwm short, broad, the upper margin setose, acuminated: mentum sublinear, rounded laterally, unidentate in the middle. Antenna linear, second joint shortest, third longest, compressed : thorax wansverse, suborbiculate: abdomen subquadrate, convex: wings two; anterior tarst of males dilated. CARABIDZ.—CALOSOMA. nv These large insects are pre-eminently distinguished by the supe- rior splendour and brillianey of their colours, whence their name is derived; and they may be known from the Carabi by their trans- verse suborbiculate thorax, the convexity and rotundity of their body, the compressed third joint of the antenne, the deep emar- gination of the labrum, and the dissimilar form of the maxille: they are also furnished with perfect wings, and, contrary to the manners of the Carabi, they usually seek their prey upon trees; their laryz feeding almost exclusively on those of the Lepidoptera. I have hitherto seen but two indigenous species; but Mr. Dale informs me that, during a late tour through the north of England, he observed a species allied to, but distinct from, Ca, inquisitor in one of the collections he inspected. | Sp. 1. Sycophanta. Nigro-violaceum, antennis pedibusque nigris, elytris viridi- cupreis punctato-striatis, punctisque majoribus triplici serie impressis, (Long. corp. 95 lin.—1 unc. 2 lin.) Car. Sycophanta. Liané.—Cal. Sycophanta. Kirby and Spence, i. pl. 1. f- 1.— Steph. Catal. No. 78. Head and thorax deep blue-black, the margin of the latter a little greenish: elytra brilliant golden-green, externally glossed with bright copper, the margin itself bluish ; they are finely punctate-striated, and each is adorned with three rows of impressed dots, placed between the fourth, eighth, and twelfth strie from the suture: the antenne and legs are black: the body beneath deep blue-black. t Sp. 2. serutator. Violaceum; thorace viridi-aureo marginato; elytris sub- aureo-viridibus cupreo marginatis, punctato-striatis, punctisque majoribus triplici serie; abdomine cupreo viridique vario. (Long. corp. 1 unc. 2 lin.) Cal. scrutator. Fabricius:x—Leach, Zool. Misc, ii, pl. 93.—Steph, Catal. No, 79. Head black anteriorly, bluish posteriorly, with two golden spots near the eyes : thorax blue, with the margin golden-green: elytra deep green, with a splendid coppery-purple border ; they are striated, and each adorned with three rows of impressed dots: the body beneath is brilliant blue-green with golden spots : antenne black : legs black, with the femora violet ; sometimes red, with dusky tibie and tarsi. Dr. Leach obtained a pair of this species from the British collection of the late Dr. Lettsom, and I procured one from an old cabinet reputed to contain in- digenous insects only ; but I presume that all these specimens were of exotic origin, as the proper locality of the insect appears to be North America ; I am therefore of opinion that Ca. Sycophanta had been formerly found in Britain, and, in accordance with the bad taste of the day, specimens of this insect were introduced into collections in lieu of that which was unattainable from its rarity, and the state of entomological knowledge at the time being such that the difference of the species was not observed. 58 ‘“MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA, ‘ The larva is deep black, and it feeds most voraciously on the larve of lepidop- terous insects, devouring at a single memgone as big as one’s little finger, when it becomes so bloated, that its skin readily gives way to the slightest touch, and the animal is at such times perfectly inactive. Few indigenous insects vie with this in brilliancy and splendour of colouring, and few are of so gigantic a stature; its rarity also adds to the value of its acquisition. The first recorded specimen was taken several years since by Crabbe, the poet, at Aldborough, on the Suffolk coast; it was subsequently found near Southwold, and one was shortly afterwards taken by a boy, crawling in the cloisters of Norwich cathedral; since then it has been found on the Welsh and Devonshire coasts; and in the year 1818 many spe- cimens, all remarkably brilliant, were sent to Dr. Leach, which _were captured near Dartmouth. It is reputed to have been once found in Coombe-wood, and I believe it occurs near Oxford, and has been occasionally taken in Ireland. Sp. 3. inquisitor. Supra cupreo aut eneo-nigrum; elytris viride marginatis, reticulato striatis, punctisque majoribus triplici serie; corpore infra vire- scente; antennis pedibusque nigris. (Long. corp. 8—10 lin.) Car. inquisitor. Linné.—Don, xiv. pl. 504. f. 1.—Cal. inquisitor. Steph. Catal. No. 80. Head, thorax, and elytra deep coppery or brassy bronzed-black, the latter with a green margin, and about sixteen reticulated strie, each elytron bearing three rows of deep concolorous impressions, placed between the fourth, eighth, and twelfth striz from the suture: the body beneath is shining green, glossed with violet: the antenne and legs are black: the thorax is finely punctulated, and bears a deep impression near the hinder angle on each side. Rather an uncommon species, but found in several parts of the country: near London it occurs at Norwood, Epping Forest, Da- renth and Coombe woods; and it was once found in profusion by Mr. W. Griesbach near Windsor. Dr. Leach took it near Tavi- stock in Devonshire. Gunus XX.—NeEsria, Latreiile. Palpi moderately long: labial with the two basal joints short, third and fourth equal, the latter obliquely truncate: txternal mavillary palpi with the basal joint shortest ; external with the basal joint short, second longest, third and fourth nearly equal, the latter truncate: /abrum subquadrate, slightly emar- ginate: mandibles porrect, toothed near the base: labium rounded : mentum linear, trilobate, the centre lobe bifid. Antenne linear: ahdymen elongate: bedy depressed: thorax transverse, cordate, truncate, the basal angle straight : wings two: anterior tarst of male with three basal joints dilated. CARABIDE.—NEBRIA. 59 This and the two following. genera are very closely allied to each other in structure, but there appears sufficient diversity of habit to justify their separation, as proposed by my friends Dr. Leach and Professor Bonelli, although De Jean has reunited them under the genus Nebria, and others admit them to be subgenera only; but as the names by which the divisions of natural objects are called will ever be subject to the capricious views of individuals, I shall not here attempt to discuss the question whether the genera, above alluded to, ought to be so termed. The Nebriz usually frequent the sea-coasts, and may be readily known from the congenerous groups by their pallid hues, more or less varied with black; the most evident differences in structure consist in the superior length of the terminal joint of the internal maxillary palpi compared with that of the basal, the length of the third joint of the maxillary palpi, the rotundity of the labium, and the absence of an emargination on the anterior tibia. Sp. 1. complanata. Pallidé flavescens, elytris pallidioribus, striatis, faseiis duabus irregularibus nigricantibus. (Long. corp. 8—9¥ lin.) Ca. complanatus. Linné.—Don, xiv, pl. 488.—Ne. complanata, Steph. Catal. No. 81. Pale yellowish, with the elytra paler, striated, and adorned with two very irre- cular transverse dusky or black bands, united by longitudinai lines, and formed of small elongate confluent spots: suture black, except towards the apex of the elytra: legs and antenne pale yellowish or testaceous: eyes black. It varies in having the black fascie more or less obliterated, and occasionally the spots of which they are composed are so thickly confluent as nearly to cover the entire disc of the elytra, leaving a pale margin only. Originally taken by Sir Joseph Banks near Swansea, and sub- sequently found in profusion by Dr. Leach at the same place. It + Sp.-2. collaris. Nigra, ore, antennis, pedibus, thoracis medio, elytrorumque limbo lato pallidé testaceis. (Long. corp. 7 lin.) Ca. collaris. Thunburg.—Ca. lateralis. Turton.—Ne. collaris. Steph. Catal. No. 82. Black, with the mouth, antenne totally, the thorax (except a narrow black mar- gin in front and behind), the legs, and a broad margin to the elytra pale tes- taceous: the latter striated. I am at a loss to account for the introduction of this species into our Fauna, unless it has been mistaken for Ne. livida, of which Gyllenhal and other continental entomologists assert that it is merely a variety ; but as that insect has lately been taken in plenty, as hereafter men- tioned, and all the specimens correspond with each other, I cannot assent to that opinion. ; 60 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. also occurs on the opposite shores of the Bristol Channel, having been found in plenty at Barnstaple and Bideford by my friends Mr. Raddon and Capt. Blomer; on the shores of the Taw, near Braunton Burrows, North Devon, by Mr. Curtis; and at. Weston- super-Mare, in Somersetshire. It is likewise found on the coast of Lincolnshire. Sp. 3. livida. Mzgra, ore, antennarum basi, pedibus, thoracis medio, elytro- rumque margine angusté pallidis. (Long. corp. 7—8 lin.) Ca. lividus. Linné.—Ne. livida. Curtis, i. pl. 6.—Steph. Catal. No. 83. Shining black ; the mouth, base of the antenne, legs, and a narrow margin to the elytra pale yellow: thorax the same, with a deep transverse impression in front and behind, between which and the edge is black: elytra striated : antenne externally fuscescent. Ne. livida was first discovered many years ago by Wm. Spence, Esq. F. L.8., on the shores of the Humber, a short distance from Hull, near which spot a second specimen was afterwards taken by Mr. Wilkin ; those were the only specimens known, until last year, when three were forwarded to London from Scarborough, one pair of which came into my possession; and Mr. Backhouse informs me that he has lately taken the insect in plenty beneath stones, &c. on the coast near that place. Sp. 4. picicornis. Prater IV. f. 3.—Niger, ore antennis pedibusque piceo- ferrugineis, capite piceo-rufo, (Long. corp. 6:—72 lin.) Ca. picicornis. Fabricius.—Ne. picicornis. Steph. Catal. No. 84. Pitchy-black: head reddish, dusky behind: eyes dusky: thorax and elytra deep black, the latter striated: mouth, antenne, and legs pitchy-ferruginous: thorax with a strong impressed longitudinal line; a deep fovea on each side at the base, and a punctulated depression behind and in front. Of this insect most cabinets are deficient. The first indigenous specimen which came under my notice was taken by Dr. Leach, near Ashburton, in Devonshire, and is in the British Museum: it was afterwards found by the Rev. F. W. Hope (who supplied me with a pair), in Longmont Forest, Shropshire. Genus XXI.—Hetozia, Leach. Palpi moderately long: Jabial with the two basal joints short, third long, pilose, fourth longer, truncate: énternal maxillary palpi with the joints nearly equal * ; external with the basal joint minute, second long, stout; third short, clavate; * In the tabular view, p. 45, the characters of the genera Nebria and Helobia are accidentally reversed. CARABIDH.—HELOBIA. 6I fourth nearly as long as the second, clavate-truncate: labrum transverse : mandibles small, denticulated at the base: labiwm quadrate, with a spine in the centre. Antenne linear: body depressed: thorax transverse, cordate- truncate, the margin rugose, the basal angle straight: wings two: legs rather elongate: anterior tibie with an obsolete notch: anterior tarsi of males slightly dilated. Helobia differs from Alpzus in possessing wings, and from Ne- bria by the joints of the internal maxillary palpi being nearly equal in length, by the quadrate labium, and in other less important cha- racters: the species chiefly abound in inland and alpine districts, under stones, at the roots of trees, and in loose gravelly or clayey banks. ‘There are many species allied to H. Gyllenhalii found on the continent; and were persons residing in the mountainous dis- tricts of Britain to search diligently, they would no doubt be re- warded by the discovery of some of them. Sp. 1. brevicollis. Niger, palpis, antennis, tibiis tarsisque rufo-piceis, elytris punctato-striatis, (Long. corp. 43—6 lin.) Ca. brevicollis. Fabricius——He. brevicollis. Steph. Catal. No. 85. Glossy black: antenne, palpi, tibie, and tarsi pitchy-red: elytra deeply striated, the strie strongly punctate, with three or four larger impressed dots on the third stria from the suture, and a few slight impressions on the margin : sides of the thorax very rugose. Var. 8. Rusty-black, with the legs entirely rufous. One of the most abundant carabideous insects throughout Great Britain, and, I believe, equally common in Ireland; being found, especially in the spring, in dry gravelly banks, and beneath stones, at the roots of trees, &c., on the loftiest mountains of this country, as well as in the lowlands. Sp. 2. Marshallana. Prare IV. f. 4.—Nigro-piceus, depressus, antennarum apice tarsisque rufo-piceis, elytris striatis, striis obsoletissime punctatis, (Long. corp. 43 lin.) He. Marshallana. Steph. Catal. No. 86. Shining pitchy-black: the tip of the antenne and the tarsi pitchy-red: elytra striated, the striz with very obsolete impressed puncta; three or four larger impressed dots on the third stria from the suture; and a few impressions on the external stria: legs pitchy-black, with the tarsi rufous. Var. 6. Above piceous, with the legs deeper, the tibie and tarsi rufous. This and the following are very closely allied to Ca. nivalis of Paykul, but they nevertheless appear to be distinct, as that insect is said by him to want the impressions on the marginal strie of the elytra. This species differs from the next by being consider- Manpisunata, Vou. I. Isr November, 1827. I 62 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. ably broader and more depressed, and by having the strice on the elytra more punctated. My friend J. Marshall, Esq. took this insect some years back in the north of England, and recently forwarded to me a series of varieties. It was also taken by Messrs. Curtis, Dale, and Weaver, during the past season, I believe on the summit of Skiddaw,, in Cumberland. It is probably the Ne. aretica of De Jean, v. ii. p. 235. Sp. 3. Gyllenhalii. Nigra, subdepressa, antennarum apice tarsisque rufo-piceis, elytris striatis, striis sublevibus. (Long. corp. 43 lin.) Ca. Gyllenhalii. Schonher.—He. Gyllenhalii. Curtzs.—Steph. Catal. No. 87. Slightly depressed: black: tips of the palpi and antenne piceous: tarsi and sometimes the tibie rufous: elytra striated, the strie subpunctate, with two orthree fovee near the third stria from the suture; the margin of the elytra with remote impressed dots. + Var. 8 Pitchy-black: trochanters and legs ferruginous, apex of the thighs and the tibie fuscous. Curtis, iii. pl. 103. Rare in England, a few specimens only having been recently found in the mountainous districts of Westmoreland, but very abundant in several parts of Scotland in the spring: in the latter country it was first taken in 1810, by the late R. Rawlins, Esq. near Edinburgh, and shortly afterwards by Dr. Leach on Ben Lomond : the Rev. F. W. Hope also took it in plenty in Lanarkshire; and two years since it was found by Messrs. Curtis and Dale. It also occurs in the mountainous districts of Ireland. Genus X XII.—Aupaus, Bonelli. Palpi moderately long: their proportions similar to those of Helobia, but the terminal joint less truncate at the apex: labrum transverse: mandibles small, denticulated at the base: labium a little rounded anteriorly, with a small spine in the centre. Antenne lincar: body depressed, elongated: thorax cordate, longer than broad, slightly margined, straight behind: body sub-depressed, elongate: wings none: legs slender: anterior tibie with a slight emargina- tion ; anterior tarsi of males a little dilated. Distinguished from the two preceding genera by being apterous, by the rotundity of the terminal joints of the palpi, the form of the labium, and of the thorax, which is rather longer than broad, which characters I have drawn out from an injured Helvetic spe- cimen of Al. castaneus; the antenne and legs are rather more slender and longer than in Helobia. It is an alpine genus, and De Jean considers that its characters are not sufficiently distinct to detach it from Nebria. CARABIDH.—LEISTUS. 63 Tt Sp. 1. castaneus. Prceo-castaneus, ore, antennis pedibusque rufo-ferrugineis, elytris punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 43 lin.) Al. castaneus. Bonelli—=Steph. Catal. No. 88. Piceous-chesnut, with the mouth, antenne, and legs rusty-red: the elytra striated, the strie with distinct rather remote impressed dots. I have seen but one indigenous specimen of this insect, which agrees with a specimen I received from M. Lefebure by the name above adopted, and which was taken by Dr. Leach near Ashburton, Devon, and by him given to the British Museum. Genus X XIII.—Letstus, Frolich. Palpi much elongated, slender ; labial with the two basal joints very short, the following very long, slender, the terminal externally clavate, and obliquely truncated ; external maxillary palpi with the basal joint minute, second elon- gated, rather stout, following abbreviated, terminal shorter than the second, a little clavate, obliquely truncate: mandibles acute, externally dilated ; maville with the outer edge at the base armed with strong spinous processes : mentum transverse, emarginate, with a slight notch in the middle: labium elongated, attenuated at the apex, which is furnished with a strong spine on each side. Antenne long, setaceous, four basal joints naked, second and fourth shortest, fifth longest: thorax short, cordate: eyes prominent: body oblong: wings two: legs rather elongate: anterior tarsi of males a little dilated. This curious genus is easily known by the singular spinous pro- cesses at the base of the maxille, and by the dilatation of the base of the mandibles externally: the structure of the lip also furnishes a good character, as well as the elongated palpi. The species are generally very beautiful, very lively, and active: they usually occur beneath the bark of trees, stones, and moss, or among dead leaves; and are frequently taken in hedges while prowling after their prey. Sp. 1. spinibarbis. Cyaneus, ore, antennis pedibusque rufo-testacets, aut brunneis. (Long. corp. 33—44 lin.) Ca. spinibarbis. Fabricius.—Steph. Catal, No. 89. Depressed, rather broad; the mouth, antenne, and legs testaceous-red: head, thorax, and elytra cyaneous, or blue-green, the latter rather deeply striated, the strie with impressed dots, ten in number, the sutural one abbreviated, and the marginal deeply punctate: the thorax is shining, slightly convex, with a longitudinal channel, the base and anterior margin punctate, the sides punctulated, and sometimes reddish: the body beneath black. Var. 6. With the legs pale ochraceous, and the margin of the thorax testaceous. Frequently met with, not only in the metropolitan district, but 64. MANDIBULATA.=+—COLEOPTERA. throughout the kingdom, during the summer months, beneath stones, dry leaves, &c., and often found on quickset hedges during the day. The Rev. F. W. Hope informs me that he observed it in prodigious numbers in the cave of Caractacus, on the Caradoc, Shropshire, in 1825. Sp. 2. fulvibarbis. Atro-cwruleus, ore, antennis pedibusque rufis, elytris punctato- striatis. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Le. fulvibarbis. Hoffmansegg.—Curtis, iv. pl. 176.—Steph. Catal. No. 90. A trifle elongated, rather convex: mouth, antenne, and legs ferruginous-red : head, thorax, and elytra deep bluish black or violaceous, sometimes virescent ; the thorax convex, deeply punctured at the anterior margin and the base, with a deep longitudinal channel, and much attenuated at the base: the elytra with nine punctate strie, the sutural one abbreviated, the marginal punctured : body beneath piceous. Discovered many years since in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh by the late R. Rawlins, Esq., and by Dr. Leach named in re- membrance of him. It, however, has recently been described by De Jean by the name I have adopted, in conformity with the usual custom of employing that which is first published with characters; though if it be the rufibarbis of Fabricius, with which it agrees, except in having rufous instead of black mandibles, the name above used must be changed. It has been subsequently taken in plenty in Kensington-gardens; also near Netley, Salop, Ipswich, Car- lisle, Battersea-fields, and Glanville’s Wootton, Dorsets.; and my friend the Rev. L. Jenyns, F.L.S., &c. informs me, that it is abundant throughout the vear, especially in the winter and spring, at Bottisham, Cambs. Sp. 3. montanus. Pirate V. F. 5.—Cwruleus, margine laterali thoracis, ore, antennis pedibusque rufis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Le. montanus. Dale MS'S.—Steph. Catal. No. 91. Similar to the preceding, but known at once by its more elongate structure, and especially by the form of the thorax: its upper surface is fine blue tinted with greenish on the head and thorax: the head is narrower, and the eyes less prominent than in Le. fulvibarbis: the thorax is narrower, more depressed and elongated ; it is divided by an impressed longitudinal line, the disc on each side being smooth: in front of the impression is a triangular space thickly sprinkled with impressed dots, and a similar space covered with im- pressed dots behind; the margin is also punctated, and the sides are rufo- ferruginous: the elytra are blue, with eight strie composed of impressed dots ; and in the specimens which I have examined, they are destitute of any impressions between the third and fourth strie: the mouth, antenne, and legs are rufo-ferruginous, the latter dusky at the tips of the femora: beneath pitchy-blue, with the plure and sides of the abdomen deeply punctate. HARPALID. 65 Mr. Dale communicated to me the discovery of this beautiful in- sect during a late excursion in the north of England, he and Mr. Curtis having each taken a specimen from under the slate at the summit of Skiddaw. ‘Three other specimens have been found since by Mr. Marshall, one of which is in my collection. My readers are indebted to Mr. Westwood for a figure of this insect, he having kindly presented me with a drawing of it. Sp. 4. spinilabris. Oblongus, rufo-ferrugineus, antennis pedibusque pallidioribus. (Long. corp. 23—33 lin.) Ca. spinilabris. Fabricius.—Le. spinilabris. Steph. Catal. No. 92. Above entirely ferruginous, more or less deep: the thorax is very convex and glossy, the anterior and posterior margins are very thickly punctate, the lateral smooth: the elytra are somewhat oval, punctato-striated ; the lateral strie rather obsolete : on the third stria are three or four more deeply im- pressed dots: the body is rather paler beneath: the mouth, antenne, and legs are very pale ferruginous. A very common insect in the neighbourhood of London, found also throughout the country. Sp. 5. rufescens. Oblongus, ferrugineus, vertice anoque nigris, elytris apice fuscis. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Ca. rufescens. Fabricius.—Le. rufescens. Steph. Catal. No. 93. Very similar to the preceding, but differs in having the head dusky-brown be- hind, and the tips of the elytra and of the abdomen of the same colour: the thorax is rather wider, and less attenuated posteriorly: the antenne and legs are somewhat paler than in Le. spinilabris. Var. f. With the apex of the elytra ferruginous. Var. y. With a small pale ferruginous sublunar spot on each elytron near the apex. Apparently a local insect, which I have hitherto only found in Coombe and Darenth woods. It, however, occurs near Carlisle— as I am informed by J. C. Heysham, Esq., who obligingly com- municated to me the northern habitats of the Leisti, and the notice of var. y.—and also near Netley, and Berkeley Castle, Glouc. Famity V.—HARPALIDA, Mac Leay. Elytra covering the abdomen, entire, or slightly sinuate-truncate behind: an- tertor tibi@ emarginated, not palmated. Antenne filiform: labrum generally quadrate, sometimes emarginated anteriorly, rarely bilobate: mandibles pointed, or truncate at the tip, generally with one or more denticulations in- ternally: maville ciliated internally, with a claw at the tip: /abiwm quadrate, the anterior margin straight, without a tooth in the middle ; furnished with 66 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. a process on each side: labial palpi with four joints, the basal fixed : mentum. deeply emarginate anteriorly, the notch simple or furnished with a tooth in the middle, which is frequently bifid: body elongate: neck rarely distinct: anterior tarsi more or less dilated in the males. The Harpalide are less voracious than the Carabide. Some of the species are of brilliant metallic colours, but the prevalent hue is black and sombre,—whence they have been termed Amaurona by Kirby; and from the similitude of their colouring to our notions of that of the “ fell demon of darkness,” they have received in several parts of the country the name of imps*. ‘They run with celerity, and many of the species fly well; whereas the majority of certain groups are perfectly apterous. The larve reside, in common with the imago, beneath stones, feeding voraciously on other larvee and small insects; they are generally elongate, cylindric, or a little depressed; the body is composed of twelve scaly rings, exclusive of the head, which are slightly sericeous ; the terminal joint is rough, with tubercles on the sides, and the tip armed with two small emar- ginate processes: the head is small, and furnished with several little shining eminences, which occupy the situation of the eyes; the mouth nearly resembles that of the perfect insects, and the body is less scaly beneath than above. Latreille justly remarks that the study of this family is attended with great difficulty, as the species are so numerous and similar in their general form and colours, that it is nearly impossible to fix the limits of the various natural groups of which the Harpalidze evidently consist. It is, therefore, with diffidence that I venture to propose the following tabular view of the indigenous genera: A. Mentum anticé emarginatum ; dente medio nullo. obtuse: Palpz ¢ articulo ultimo ovale : ° 27. Licinus. ‘ labiales Nene} tiles ultimo securiforme 26 BApIsTER. acuta > 5 ° . ° 28. REMBUS. * Many of the species are greatly infested with Gordii, a fact so generally known to the “ companions of my youth,” that whenever an ‘‘imp” was seen basking in the sun, it was immediately subjected to the ordeal of a pool of water, for the purpose of ejecting the serpent (thus called) from his lurking place: an incident I record with pleasure, as it is not only the oldest entomological fact that is imprinted on my memory, but is associated with my earliest impressions. Palpi articulo ultimo HARPALID, B. Mentum anticé emarginatum, dente medio bifido. a. Ungues simplices. y orbiculatus ; A . : . . 5 securiforme: Thorax ; me [ truncato-cordatus : . . . . 5 ° o . 1 . 3, ( abdomine angustior ; ("4¢9 aquale : 3 3 5 ‘ : I Antenna Fa articulo 3tio odnasinlo 2 haud attenuatum : OEY, tal tt 4to longiore : Ai longiore * a * 3 stice iene 2do duplo S$ Caput postice articulo 3tio cur 8 longiore : ° . S . _ attenuatum : 5 a . Z Bs attenuate ; ( depressum : § quadratus : : i : i } domi articulis Thorax 2 abdomine SAC a Tato Bat cee truncato-cordatus: ¢inequalibus: . . E Aen orpus 4 Palpi maxillares f = extrorsum externi articulis ~ = duabus ultimis l zequatlibus : ° » & L subconvexum : § oblongo-ovate : : : c c L 2 ‘ Elytra = fase nae i ovate: c c c 5 F ie b te 7 convexum* ¢haud transversus, postice attenuatus : ° SUDCONICIS : Thorax ) Corpus transversus : = 4 A, 5, depressum latissimus: ; rato: Thora. i f "4 5 ' Palpi ovato ax postice Wationuatie: : articulo ultimo carinato :( depressum : eylindrico: ( Corpus Antenne subdefressum : articulo 3tio carinato: Thorax \subquadratus: b. Ungues denticulate : . : : : : . . : . C. Mentum anticé emarginatum; dente medio simplice. a. Ungues denticulate. : 6 : trorsum incrassato : . ; articulo ultimo { oa : 0) Palpi labisles lapicem versus attenuato : 5 $ : b. Ungues simplices. ( ct ol subdepressum : suborbiculatus : 5 { Sets Thorar A Corpus truncato- { levis: 5 angustior : cordatus, } punctatus: . Antenna 4 convexo-cylindricum : elongate : : f unegye | Mandibule | COREE breves: : é abdomine 4 { setis elongatis armate : : 5 : : Bab Bas Palpi zqualis aut ( cylindricis ; 5 c = 2 . 5 5 4 arti aes a latior : obovatis aut altho Antenne subcylin- a articulis) dricis : distinct¢ emarginatum: . . Spats U Labrum | vix aut non haud aut vix ¢quadratus: antice ) emarginatum: punctatus, f Thorax plerumque l postice rotundatus : punctatus : ° ° \ dus subconvexum ; . . . . . . Lacuto te tes COTpUus » depressum : : : A ; » : ae . . . ¢minuti: . ° . ° . nulla: Ocult i mediocres : . - 56. 57. 59. 58. 60. 61. 62. 67 25. PANAGAUS. 29. Epomis. 30. CHLENIUS. 34, SpHODRUS. 33. PLATYNUS. 48. PATROBUS. 51. ABAX. 50. PLATYSMA. 49. PTEROSTICHUS- 44, OMASEUS. 45. STEROPUS. 55. CURTONOTUS. 54, BRADYTUS. 53. AMARA, 41. PoGonus. 43. SOGINES. 42. POECILLUS. haud easels ARGUTOR. 39, PLATYDERES. 38, CALATHUS- 37. SyNUCHUS. 36. ODONTONYX. 35. AGONUM. 32. 31. 47. ANCHOMENUS. CALLISTUS. STomts. 46. 24, Broscuus. LorIcERA. 52. OovEs. ZABRUS. HARPALUS. STENOLOPHUS. OPHONUS. TRECHUS. BLEMUS. EpapuHius. 63, ARPUS. 68 MANDIBULATA.— COLEOPTERA. Oxzs.—In the construction of the foregoing table *, I have endeavoured as far as possible to select such characters, chiefly external, as are constant in both sexes; it being manifestly impossible to detect the genera to which the females of this family belong, by those which are laid down as primary divisions by M. Latreille and De Jean ; though after their and Mr. Mac Leay’s candid admission of their inability, from our present knowledge, either to frame such discriminative characters as will positively embrace, or separate, all the groups, and exhibit their natural affinities throughout, I cannot presume to assert that I have been more successful in my attempts: on the contrary, a transient in- spection of the above table will readily show that the genera are not all placed with reference to their actual affinities, although it may satisfactorily connect one or two that have hitherto been separated: and as examples of the dif- ficulties with which we are assailed, in our investigations of the affinities of this extensive family, I shall direct the attention of the student to the genera Omaseus, Steropus, and Harpalus, from the two former having been re- cently ably illustrated by Mr. Curtis, with reference to their generic cha- racters, and the latter from its extent, and the variation of form among the species: and upon inspection of the trophi of Omaseus and Steropus, the difference will be found not greater than usually occurs among the species of any extensive genus, the chief distinctions being drawn from subsidiary cha- racters, viz. the form of the thorax and elytra; characters which are far too unsatisfactory in this family, although the above genera are sufficiently distinct in, what is technically called, habit; the form of the thorax in the first genus being very dissimilar in the different species, that of O. aterrimus being rounded behind, while O. nigrita has acute basal angles: and if the condition of being apterous enter into the generic character, O melanarius must be formed into a new genus, as its habit and depressed body will not allow of its being associated with Steropus. Again in Harpalus as above re- stricted (of which genus I possess above fifty indigenous species), there is the most conspicuous difference in the form of the thorax, as well as in the convexity of the body, and termination of the elytra: in by far the greatest number of the species the former has the base nearly straight, as broad or broader than the body, to which it is closely applied, with the hinder angles in one division very acute, and in a second very obtuse ; others again have the thorax rather narrower at the base than the body, the hinder angles distinctly rounded, and the thorax itself somewhat remote from the body, as in the Scaritide:—this division of the genus is evidently rare in Britain, as I have hitherto seen but the three species which are in my own cabinet. Again, the bodies of H. serripes and its affinities are almost as convex as in Zabrus, while H. thoracicus, Leach MS. (which is congenerous with H. crassus, &c. Sturm), has the body as much depressed as in Ocdes, and the thorax itself is much broader than the elytra, as in that insect. Other instances might be cited ; but enough has been adduced for the present ; I shall there- fore merely add, that in Harpalus, Ophonus, Stenolophus, Trechus, and * Vide Haustellata, vol. i. p. 5, note, in allusion to conterminous forms, HARPALIDA.—LORICERA. 69 Blemus, the four anterior tarsi of the males are dilated ; in the remaining ge- nera the two anterior only : amongst the latter, Sphodrus has four dilated joints, Licinus and Panagzeus two, and the rest three—which are quadrate in Epomis, Chlenius, Oddes, Calathus, and Synuchus ; more or less orbicular in Loricera, Panageus, Callistus, Anchomenus, Platynus, Agonum, and Odontonyx ; and heart-shaped or triangular in the other genera :— that the tooth or lobe, in the centre of the mentum, varies considerably in form ; in some genera, above placed in division B, it is sometimes so very slightly notched as to appear truncate, varying even in individuals of the same species*; while in others, placed in division C, it is swollen into an obtuse knob, or occasionally consists of a mere angular projection, gradually produced from the margin of the lateral lobes of the mentum itself; thus approximating towards that con- struction of the mentum in which the emargination becomes perfectly straight anteriorly, as in Licinus, &c. The characters of the two last sections may therefore be expressed thus :—B. The mentum furnished with a subtruncate lobe in the centre of its notch, which is usually more or less emarginated ;—and - C. The mentum generally bearing a central lobe which is more frequently acute than obtuse, but never emarginated. I shall conclude by stating, that by some accident in altering the disposition of the tables during the printing, the words Licinus and Badister, in the table, page 66, were unfortunately transposed. Gunus X XIV.—Loricera, Latreille. Palpi moderate: the terminal joint elongate, nearly oval and truncate at the tip: labrum short and rounded: mandibles very acute, denticulated at the base: mentum with a notch anteriorly, in which is a simple tooth. labiwm with a central rounded protuberance on its anterior edge: head rounded, triangular: neck distinct: antenne slightly curved, pilose, with the five basal joints irregularly globose-clavate, armed with long rigid hairs or bristles: thorax obcordate, sessile : wings two: claws simple : anterior tarsi in the males with the three basal joints dilated. Loricera differs from all the other Geodephaga by the structure of the antennz; the basal joint is very large, stout, elongate-cylin- dric, the three following unequal, nodose, furnished with long rigid bristles, the rest a little elongate, subcylindric, pilose: the neck is distinct.. This genus has considerable resemblance to the Leisti, but the suborbicular thorax and emarginate anterior tibie readily distinguish it from those insects. Sp. 1. pilicornis. Virescente-enca, elytris punctato-striatis, foveisque tribus disci impressis, tibiis tarsisque testaceis. (Long. corp. 3—35 lin.) Ca. pilicornis. Fabricius.—Don, xi. pl. 367, f. 1.—Lo. pilicornis. Steph. Catal. No. 94. * Especially in Poécillus cupreus, which has the lobe more frequently truncate than emarginate ; whereas in P. assimilis the contrary appears to prevail. . Manpisutata, Vot. I. lst December, 1827. K 70 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Greenish-brass above: head very obsoletely strigose: eyes prominent, dusky: tho- rax broader than the head, very convex, smooth, with the hinder margin pune- tate, and an oblique impressed line near the basal angles: elytra broader than the thorax, elongate, rounded at the tip, punctate-striated, with three very deep impressions between the third and fourth strie: body beneath black ; the — thighs bronzed-green ; the shanks and tarsi yellowish-testaceous: palpi rusty brown: antenne with the basal joint black-bronze, the three following red- dish-black, the rest dull brown. Donovan, by accident, I presume, asserts that this species is par- ticularly rare; on the contrary, I have ever found it very common, especially near Ripley, where several dozens may readily be ob- tained in the course of a single day, during the spring ; and in the winter it hybernates copiously beneath mosses. Mr. Dale found it in Scotland, and it is abundant in Wales. Grnus XX V.—Panacaus, Latreille. Palpi dlongate ; labial with the two basal joints short, the second as long as the fourth, rather clavate, the terminal securiform ; internal mazillary filiform, with the basal joint the longest ; external with the basal joint minute, the . second elongate-clavate, the third short, conic, the last strongly securiform : labrum transverse, very slightly notched anteriorly : mandibles short, bent, simple: mentum notched anteriorly, with a bifid tooth in the middle: head ‘small: neck distinct: thorax suborbiculate: wings two. Antenne filiform : claws simple: anterior tarst in the males with the two first joints dilated. This genus is known by its orbicular thorax, combined with the securiform terminal joint of the palpi, the bifid tooth in the centre of the notch of the mentum, and the deeply punctate and pubescent body. ; Sp. 1. quadripustulatus. Prare 1V. f. 6.—Ater, elytris anticé rufis, basi, suturaé et posticé nigris, maculs duabus rotundis rufis. (Long. corp. 3—3} lin.) Pa. quadripustulatus. Stwrm.—Steph. Catal. No. 95. Similar to the next, but less, and narrower: it is black, the thorax is nearly orbicular, rather convex, thickly punctate, with an impression on each side at the base near the posterior angle; it is clothed with yellowish down: the elytra pubescent, rather coarsely punctate-striate, rufous anteriorly, with a spot at the base, and the suture black ; the posterior half is also black, with one large round rufous spot on each elytron: body beneath and legs black, slightly pubescent. Not a very common insect: the first specimen which came to my knowledge was caught by myself flying in a gravel-pit in Coombe-wood, in May, 1812, since which period several have beer HARPALIDA.—BADISTER. V1 ‘there taken during that and the following month. In July, 1822, I found it in abundance beneath stones and clods of earth in a corn- field near Hertford; but I have subsequently sought for it there in vain. It has been found by the Rev. I’. W. Hope at Southend. Sp. 2. crux-major. Ater, elytris rufis, basi, suturd, fascié medié apiceque nigris (Long. corp. 33—4 lin.) Ca. crux-major. Linné.—Don, v. xiv. pl. 477, f. 2.—Pa. crux-major. Steph. Catal. No. 96. At once distinguished from the last-described insect by its superior breadth and the form of the thorax: it is rather larger, deep black ; thorax pubescent, transversely ovate, deeply punctulated, with a more obvious impression near the basal angle than in Pa. quadripustulatus: elytra also pubescent, coarsely punctate-striate, rufous, with the base, suture, a transverse bar in the mid- dle, and the apex black: body beneath, and legs, black and pubescent. Var. 8. With the central fascia on the elytra interrupted. Var. y. With the elytra rufous anteriorly, with a triangular spot at the base, the suture and the posterior half black ; the latter with a large round rufous spot, as in Pa. quadrimaculatus. Occasionally found near London, about Shooter’s-hill, Norwood, Cobham, &c. and on the northern verge of the metropolis itself. -{t appears to be more common in the fenny counties of Cambridge and Huntingdonshire, occurring beneath stoues and at the roots of trees near large sheets of water. The Rev. L. Jenyns takes it beneath the bark and at the roots of willow-trees, in February and March, in Cow-fen, near Cambridge, and at Bottisham: it has also been taken by Mr. Hanson at Lawrence Waltham, in Berkshire. Genus XXVI.—BanpistEr, Clazrville. Palpi moderately long, the last joint elongate-ovate, somewhat acute at the tip *: labrum short, narrow, deeply notched: mandibles short, rounded, very ob- tuse, and slightly notched at the tip: mentum very narrow, deeply emar- ginate, without a central tooth: head rounded, anteriorly depressed, and a little notched: antenne filiform: eyes slightly prominent: thorax more or less heart-shaped, deeply notched in front and behind: ¢elyira entire: wings two: anterior tarsi of the male with three dilated joints, the basal somewhat trapeziform, the others quadrate. Sufficiently known from Licinus by the bilobed labrum, ovate terminal joint of the palpi, and lively colouring ; and from the other Harpalidze by the obtuseness of its mandibles. The species usually $$ * See observation, page 69. 12 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. reside in damp places, beneath stones, dead leaves, or the decaying bark of trees. Sp. 1. cephalotes. Niger, thorace capitis latitudine, elytris anticé rufis, apice nigris, suturé maculéque transversé sublunaté communi, scutello pedibusque rufis. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Ba. cephalotes. De Jean.— Curtis, ili. pl. 139.—Steph. Catal. No. $7. Generally rather larger than the next: head large, almost as broad, or broader, than the thorax, black: thorax short, pale rufous, slightly notched anteriorly, attenuated behind, with a slight longitudinal line and an impressien at each posterior angle: scutellum and elytra also pale rufous, the latter with the hinder half blue-black, the suture, a transverse lunule, and the outer margin pale rufous: body and head beneath black, thorax rufous, legs and palpi ochraceous, antenne the same, with the basal joints piceous at the tips. This insect, until recently, was preserved in the collections of the Rev. W. Kirby and Mr. Haworth only: it is, however, now in many cabinets, having been found in several places in the neigh- bourhood of the metropolis, at Darenth, Birch, and Coombe woods, Shooter’s-hill, Battersea-fields, &c.; so that it is apparently less rare than presumed, and illustrates the positions laid down in page 17 *. Sp.2. bipustulatus. Niger, thorace capite latiore, elytris aniicé rufis, apice nigris, sutura maculique rotundaté aut triangulaté communt thorace pedi- busque rufis. (Long. corp. 23—33 lin.) Ca. bipustulatus. Fabricius.—Don, xv. pl. 516.—Pa. bipustulatus. Steph. Catal, No. 98. Varies considerably in size: head rounded, black, narrower than the thorax, which is rufous, slightly attenuated behind, and deeply notched anteriorly ; with a strong longitudinal line, and a rounded impression at the basal angles; it is obsoletely wrinkled transversely: scutellum black: the elytra rufous anteriorly, with the suture and margin paler; on each a broad semilunar eyaneous-black mark, leaving a round or triangular rufous spot within to- wards the suture: body and head beneath black: thorax and legs rufous: * J may here observe, with reference to my observations in the above page, as an instance of the facility with which novelties may be obtained by individual exertion, that in the short space of forty days, between the middle of June and beginning of August last, I captured, in the vicinity of Ripley, above 2400 species of insects, exclusively of larve, &c. or nearly one-fourth of our ascertained entomological productions, amongst which, although upon old explored ground, were about 100 new species, not before in any collection, so far as I have in- spected, including several perfectly novel genera, many of considerable size ; and amongst the known insects, several reputed scarce were in considerable plenty, as hereafter detailed. \ j ’ ¥ " je H ae | ys Wah oe Mr ‘ { i> i } J 1 Pee HARPALIDEX.—BADISTER.—LICINUS. "3 palpi rufous, with terminal joints piceous ; antenne pale ochraceous, with the basal joint rufous, the following more or less pitchy. In some specimens the pale spot on the posterior half of the elytra is nearly obliterated. A common insect throughout the metropolitan district, abounding during the winter months beneath the bark of felled trees. Sp. 3. suturalis.. Pirate V. f. 1.—Niger, elytris antic rufis apice nigris, scutello suturé thorace pedibusque rufis. (Long. corp. 23 lin.) Ba. suturalis mzhi.—Steph. Catal. No. 99. Allied to the last, but the head is smaller, and the thorax more attenuated be- hind, as in Ba. cephalotes: the head is black, not so wide as the thorax ; the latter and the basal half of the elytra, the scutellum, suture, a narrow margin to the elytra, and the legs, rufous; the tarsi pitchy: abdomen be- neath and head black: antenne reddish, with the basal joint clear rufous, the two following dusky. I have seen one specimen only of this insect, which I believe I captured near Hertford. It differs from the last in having a rufous scutellum, by the dissimilar form of thorax, the colouring of the elytra and tarsi. It has very much the aspect of Stenolophus vapora- riorum. Genus XXVII.—Licinus, Latreille. Palpi moderately long; the last joint strongly securiform®: labrum narrow, transverse, deeply notched; mandibles short, rounded, very obtuse, and interiorly emarginate at the tip: mentum very deeply notched, without a central tooth: head rounded, anteriorly depressed and emarginate: eyes slightly projecting : antenne filiform: thorax more or less rounded, quadrate, or heart-shaped, anteriorly emarginate: elytra sinuated at the apex: wings two, or more: males with the two anterior tarsi alone dilated; the basal joint trapeziform, the following oblong-oval. Licinus agrees with Badister in the simplicity of the notch of the mentum, but differs by having the terminal joint of the palpi securi- form: in this last character it resembles Panagzeus and Epomis, but the former distinguishes it from those genera. From the very obtuse mandibles it is probable that the Licini are less carnivorous than the other Adephaga: the species are rare in Britain, and delight in dry hilly situations. Sp. 1. depressus. Apterus, ater, subopacus, thorace rotundato, punctulato, elytris subtilissimé punctato-striatis, basi subretusis. (Long. corp. 5 lin.) Ca. depressus. Paykul.—Li. depressus. Curtis, ii. pl. 75.—Steph. Catal. iVo. 100. * See observation, p. 69. 74 MA NDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Deep glossy black: head orbicular, punctulate: thorax closely sprinkled with impressed dots, with a slight longitudinal line, anda small depression on each side of the basal angle: elytra subparallel, punctate-striated, the interstices thickly punctate, the strie eight in number: body beneath shining black : antenne brownish at the tip. The female has the elytra subopaque. This insect appears to be sparingly scattered over the country, a few specimens having been formerly captured in Norfolk and Suffolk, and in 1826, near Aberystwith; and last August several were taken in the neighbourhood of Dorking by Messrs. Chant and Waterhouse. t Sp. 2. Cassideus. Apterus, niger opacus, thorace subquadrato, punctatissimo, elytris tenue punctato-striatis, interstitiis sultilissimé punctulatis. (Long. corp. 6. lin.) Ca. Cassideus. Fabricius.—Li. Cassideus. Steph. Catal. No. 101. Head large, rounded, deeply punctate: thorax somewhat quadrate, a trifle rounded on the sides; entirely covered with distinct punctulations, with a slender longitudinal channel, and a minute fovea on each side at the posterior angle, which is more thickly punctated: elytra not much broader than the thorax, subparallel, with the tip a little sinuate and quadrate-truncate: they are obsoletely punctate-striate, the spaces between flat, and slightly but very thickly punctate: body beneath and legs of a glossy black. In the British Museum is a specimen of this insect, which was obtained by Dr. Leach from an old collection, but with its locality I am unacquainted: the Rev. F. W. Hope informs me that a spe- cimen was taken at Aldborough in 1824. Sp. 3. Silphoides. Pirate V. f.2. Alatus, niger, thorace rotundato, punctato, elytris ovatis ; lineis tribus subelevatis, punctato-striatis, interstitiis subelevatis, profundé punctatis. (Long. corp. 63 lin.) Ca. Silphoides. Fabricius.—Li. Silphoides. Steph. Catal. No. 102. Black, slightly shining: head large, broad, punctulated: thorax rather broader than long, thickly covered with deep impressed dots, especially on the sides, where they become confluent ; the middle is less punctate, and has a slight longitudinal channel; the sides and posterior angle are much rounded, and the base is deeply notched: elytra ovate, broader than the thorax, with strongly punctate strie, the spaces between which are thickly and deeply marked with granular impressions ; the third, fifth, and seventh (from the suture) being somewhat elevated and smooth, the tips of the elytra are deeply sinuated: body beneath and legs glossy black: palpi pitchy: the tips of the antenne brownish, This insect affords another proof of the irregular appearance, or locality, of certain species: previous to the present year seven spe- ' HARPALIDE.—EPOMIS. 45 cimens only were preserved: four in the collection at the British Museum, one in that of the late Mr. Swainson, and two in that of Mr. Curtis; one of the latter, as well as one of those in the Museum, was taken at Dover,—the other of Mr. Curtis’s, near Chelsea or Fulham, in August 1826. On the 18th August last, Mr. Cooper found one slowly crawling on the mud in Brunswick-square, London ; and at the end of the same month many specimens were captured near Dorking, in company with L. depressus, by Messrs. Chant and Waterhouse, the former of whom supplied me with a pair. Genus XXIX.—Epomis, Bonellz. Palpi with the terminal joint elongate, compressed, securiform, obliquely trun< cate: labrum transverse, slightly notched: mandibles short, slightly bent: _mentum with an anterior emargination, having a bifid tooth in the middle. Antenne filiform: head nearly triangular, slightly narrowed behind: thorax truncate-cordate: males with the three basal joints of the anterior tarsi dilated. Bonelli proposed this genus; which is distinguished from the following by the elongate securiform terminal joint of the palpi, Genus XXVIII.—Remeus, Latreille. Palpi with the last joint elongate, subovate, truncate: labrum very deeply notched : mandibles short, bent, acute: mentum small, no tooth in the centre: antenne short, filiform: head triangular: thorax nearly heart-shaped, rather narrower than the elytra: elytra elongate: legs moderate: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Sp. 1. impressus. Niger, elytris obsoleté striatis, thorace basi utrinque im= presso. (Long. corp. 10 lin.) Ca. impressus. Fabricius.—Re. impressus. Steph. Catal. No. 103. Black, small, not punctate: thorax anteriorly narrowed, posteriorly nearly as broad as the elytra, rounded at the sides, with a faint stria down the middle, and a deep longitudinal impression on each side near the hinder angle: the base a trifle notched in the middle, the hinder angles obliquely truncate: _ elytra striated, the strie parallel, not punctate, and no abbreviated stria near the scutellum (so general in the Harpalide); the spaces between a little convex, smooth ; the external stria is carried round to the inner apex of the elytra ; and an elevated line accompanies it, to which all the strie are pro- longed, without being united to each other: body beneath and legs black. How to account for the introduction of this large insect into our Fauna I am at a loss to conjecture; it is a native of India, and is the Ca. inequalis of Marsham, from whose cabinet I obtained one specimen, and another is in the collection of the Rey. W. Kirby. 16 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. and from Licinus and Rembus by the emargination of the mentum: being furnished with a bifid tooth. Sp. 1. circumscriptus. Pirate V. f. 3. Capite thoraceque obscuro-viridi-e@neis, punclis sparsis tmpressis, elytris nigricantibus, striatis, margine, antennis pedibusque flavis. (Long. corp. 7—9 lin.) Ca. circumscriptus. Duftschmid.—Ep. circumscriptus. Steph. Catal. No. 104. Ca. cinctus. Martyn Col. pl. 38. f. 39. Head and thorax obscure-green-brass, sprinkled with distinct deep impressed. dots ; the latter nearly quadrate, a little attenuated behind, the base slightly emarginate: down the middle a slight channel, and on each side, near the posterior angle, a longitudinal impression: elytra greenish-dusky, with the margin reddish-yellow ; they are deeply striated, the intervals being smooth and elevated: body dull brown beneath, with the margin of the abdomen yellowish : antenne and legs also yellowish. This insect is decidedly rare in England; I have hitherto seen only three specimens, one in the collection of the late T. Swainson, Esq., and the other two in my own; one of the latter I obtained from the cabinet of the late Mr. Francillon, and the other from that of the author of Entomologia Britannica; but I am unable to give the habitats of either. I must observe, however, that the Marsh- amian specimen appears to be distinct from my other, and agrees with De Jean’s Ep. nigricans, in being less, more brilliant on the head and thorax, the latter more attenuated behind, and in having the intervals between the strie of the elytra irregularly and deeply punctate ; butas that insect is said by him to be a native of India, it is possible that Marsham may inadvertently have yielded to the bad taste of his day by placing a foreign specimen in his collection in lieu of the insect described by him as Ca. cinctus, as he assured me that every specimen in his cabinet was truly indigenous. Genus XX X.—Cutianivs, Bonelli. Palpi with the terminal joint ovate-truncate: labrum transverse, slightly notched: mandibles slightly curved, acute, denticulated at the base: mentum anteriorly emarginate, with a bifid tooth in the centre. Antenne filiform: head subtriangular, more or less attenuated behind: thora# truncate-cordate, or subquadrate: elytra slightly sinuated at the extremity: wings two: an- terior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. An extensive genus, containing about seventy described species. It is distinguished from Epomis by the ovate terminal joint of the palpi, and from Licinus by the bifid dentation of the notch of the mentum. All the British species have the thorax and elytra more HARPALIDZ.—CHLAENIUS. aE or less pubescent, and are usually of beautiful tints of green and cupreous ; they usually reside in marshy places, on the margins of rivers and ponds, or beneath stones in damp hedges. A. With the thorax broader behind than before. t Sp. 1. sulcicollis. Niger, thorace anticé sparsé punctato, posticé trisulcato, punctatissimo, elytris obsoleté punctato-striatis, interstittis rugoso-granulatis. (Long. corp. 6 lin.) Ca. sulcicollis. Paykul.—Ch. sulcicollis. Curtis, i. pl. 83.—Steph. Catal. No. 105. “ Black: antenne, excepting the three first joints, covered with fuscous hair: head smooth, shining: thorax narrowed and sparingly punctured before, scabrose behind, where it is covered with short brown hair, sides scabrose, slightly reflexed, a channel down to the centre, with four longitudinal elevated shining lines, the exterior one furcate, and large punctures between them: scutellum smooth: elytra scabrose, thickly covered with short brown hairs, interspersed with a few aureous ones, an abbreviated stria next the scutellum, and eight others extending the whole length on each elytron.” Being unable to examine the only specimen of this insect which has been captured in England, I have transcribed the possessor’s description. ‘The specimen in question was found (dead) at Cove- hithe, in Suffolk. Sp. 2. holosericeus. Prater V. f. 4.—Obscuré-eneus, thorace rugoso, elytris striatis, interstitiis rugoso-granulatis, antennis pedibusque nigris. (Long. corp. 6 lin.) . Ca. holosericeus. Fabricius.—Ch. holosericeus. Steph. Catal. No. 106. Black: head shining brass; slightly punctulate, with a transverse impression between the antenne : thorax short, transverse, above rather depressed, dusky, black, clothed with a glossy yellowish-brown down, thickly rugose-punctate ; with a slight channel in the middle, and an obsolete oblong fovea on each side near the hinder angle: elytra ovate, rather convex, dusky-black, with yellowish- brown pubescence, obsoletely striated, the interstices transversely granulated, the second stria from the margin with several deep fovee: labrum, mouth, and palpi pitchy-black: legs and body beneath glossy black. A local insect, found in marshy places; it was formerly in three or four collections only; but in August, 1826, several specimens were taken by Mr. Weaver, on the borders of Whittlesea Mere; and Mr. S. Hanson found one at Fen Ditton, Berks. Sp. 3. nigricornis. Capite sublevi, thorace punctato cupreo-eneo, elytris viridibus subpunctato-striatis subtilissimé granulatis, antennarum articulo primo pedi-= busque piceis. (Long. corp: 43-5 lin.) Ca. nigricornis. Fabricius.—Ch. nigricornis. Steph. Catal. No. 107. Manpisurara, Vou. I. Ist January, 1828. ri #8 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Bluish-black : head shining green-brass, or bluish, delicately punctulate: thorax short transverse, depressed above, very glossy coppery-brass, thickly punctate, with a slight channel down the centre, and an oblong impression on each side near the hinder angle: elytra ovate, above a little convex, deep green, greenish or cupreous, sometimes tinted with violaceous, obsoletely punctate- . striate, the interstices closely granulated ; the marginal stria with a series of bluish impressions: body beneath pitchy-black, tinged with violaceous: legs, palpi, labrum, and antenne pitchy-black, the basal joint of the latter reddish. Var. 6. With the legs and basal joint of the antenne rufo-ferruginous. Abundant towards the autumn, and in the spring, in Battersea and Copenhagen Fields, near London; also on the borders of Whit- tlesea Mere, and in the fens of Cambridgeshire. Sp. 4. melanocornis. Capite sublevi, thorace punctatissimo cupreo-eneo, elytris viridibus punctato-striatis, interstitiis confertissimé granulatis, antennarum articulo primo pedibusque rufo-ferrugineis. (Long corp. 54 lin.) Ch. melanocornis. Ziegler. Steph. Catal. No. 108. Greenish-black : head shining green or copper bronze, slightly punctate: thorax rather broader than in Ch. nigricornis, thickly punctate, cupreous, with a deep longitudinal impression, and an obsolete one on each side at the base: elytra green-blue, oval-oblong: obsoletely punctate-striate, the interstices slightly granulated: pubescence yellowish; body beneath greenish-black ; abdomen dull black : legs ferruginous ; tarsi, with the tip of each joint, dusky: labrum and palpi reddish: antenne with the basal joint ferruginous, the two following reddish, with the tip brown; the rest obscure brown, and pubescent, Known from the last by its superior size, greater proportionate width, the lively ferruginous colour of its legs, the rufescence of its labrum, and its obtuse elytra, exclusively of slight differences in granulation. I have seen one specimen only, which was found at Whittlesea Mere, and is in my own cabinet. Sp. 5. fulgidus. Prater V. f. 5.—Splendid? cyaneo-viridis, capite levi, thorace punctulato, elytris striatis, interstitiis subtilissimé granulatis, apice producto ; antennarum articulo primo, pedibusque flavo-ferrugineis. (Long. corp. 5 lin.) Ch. fulgidus mzhz. Steph. Catal. No. 109. The most splendidly beautiful of the British Harpalide, above brilliant green, elegantly tinted with ultramarine blue: head glossy smooth blue-green ; thorax the same, the green predominant, thickly punctate ; with a deep channel down the middle, and another on each side near the hinder angle ; all these have a deep blue ground: elytra blue-green, beautifully iridescent, ; with the pubescence golden; they are obsoletely striated; the interstices depressed and transversely granulated: the apex much produced and punctu~ lated : body beneath blue-black, pubescent: legs pale ferruginous, with the ‘HARPALIDE.—CHLAENIUS.| "9 tips of the tibie and tarsi fuscous: palpi ochraceous, with the tips of the joints dusky: basal joint of antenne ochraceous red, the remainder dusky. Of this elegant insect I have also seen but one specimen, which was taken at the same time and place with the preceding, in company with Ch. nigricornis and holosericeus: it is readily distinguished from either of the foregoing by its more elongate and depressed make, and by the prolongation of the tip of the elytra. Obs. I recommend the lovers of fine specimens to set them while recent, if possible, as some colours are so evanescent that the slightest moisture destroys them. Since the drawing of this lovely insect was executed, I relaxed the specimen with the greatest care; the result was the almost total destruction of the vivid ultramarine tint with which the insect was adorned. Sp. 6. Agrorum. Prate V. f. 6.—Viridis, thorace elytrisque subtilissim’ gra- nulatis, elytris striatis, margrine, antennarum basi pedibusque flavis. (Long. corp. 53 lin.) Ca. Agrorum. Olivicr.—Ch. Agrorum. Steph. Catal. No. 110. Fine green above: head a little rugose: thorax thickly dotted with yellowish down, and closely punctulate, or shagreened: a slight channel down the middle, and a longitudinal impression on each side between it and the hinder angle: scutellum sometimes yellowish : elytra a little broader than the thorax, rather obsoletely striated; the interstices finely granulated, the exterior margin yellow : beneath, the thorax and breast are greenish-bronze, the abdomen dusky, with a broad pale yellow margin: labrum, palpi, legs, and three basal joints of the antenne pale yellow ; the terminal joints of the antenne brownish. This pretty and conspicuous insect stands in the British Museum cabinet by the name of Epomis festivus, and in Samouelle’s Ento- mologist’s Compendium its habitat is given under the appellation of E. cinetus; and although it was placed in the Museum collection upwards of eleven years since, it is still unrecorded as an indigenous species. ‘The specimens in question (as well as two which Dr. Leach kindly presented to me) were taken in the vicinity of Ply- mouth in the spring of 1816: the insect has also been found near Bristol. B. With the thorax attenuated behind. Sp. 7. vestitus. Viridi-eneus, elytris punctato-striatis creberrimé granulatis, limbo postice latiori sinuato, antennarum basi pedibusque flavis. (Long corp. 5—53 lin.) Ca. vestitus. Fuahbricius——Ch. vestitus. Steph. Catal. No. 111. Above brassy-green: head and thorax shining, the former obsoletely wrinkled ; the latter punctate, slightly pubescent, with a distinct longitudinal channel, 80° MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA,. and an oblong impression on each side near the posterior angle: the margin itself pale: elytra pubescent, dull brassy-green, punctate-striated ; the inter- stices convex, ruggedly punctate ; the margin testaceous-yellow, broadest at the tip: body beneath pitchy-black, pubescent, thickly punctulated: mouth, antenne, and legs pale yellowish, the tarsi ferruginous. . A very common species, especially near London; occurring in damp banks, beneath stones, in gravel and clay-pits, &e. in the spring. The Rev. L. Jenyns informs me that he has only once observed it near Bottisham. 7 Sp. 8. xanthopus. Obscuré eneus, capite thoraceque subnitidis, thorace punctis impressis, elytris striatis, striis punctatis, antennis pedibusque rufo-ferru- gineis. (Long. corp. 82 lin.) Ch. xanthopus. Steph. Catal. No. 112. Head and thorax of a slightly glossy neous ; the former smooth, and clothed with black down: the latter longer than broad, and thickly punctate, with a somewhat obsolete channel down the centre, and an elongate longitudinal impression on each side near the hinder angle, the latter greenish: elytra a little convex, obscure dusky eneous, with rather obsolete strie, the latter distantly punctated; the interstices nearly smooth: body beneath dusky- black: legs ferruginous: labrum, palpi, and three basal joints of the antenne also ferruginous, the rest of the antenne dusky. This large species is unique in the cabinet of W. Swainson, Esq., F. L. S., &c., who obtained it from his father’s collection, but he is unable to furnish me with its habitat. It differs from the other indigenous species by having the second joint of the antennz remarkably short, and the following above three times the length of the second; the head is clothed with down, and the body more convex than usual in this genus: it agrees in a few particulars with Ch. orientalis of De Jean, but differs in many important characters, particularly in having the thorax longer than broad. Genus XXXI.—Catuistvus, Bonelli. Palpi with the terminal joint elongate-ovate, attenuated at the tip; ¢nternal maxillary uniarticulate: labrum transverse, obsoletely emarginate: mandibles very narrow, acute, alittle bent, denticulated at the base: mentum emarginate anteriorly, with a simple tooth in the centre. Antenne pubescent, slightly compressed: head subtrigonal: thorax punctate, convex, truncate-cordate : elytra entire, pubescent: wings two: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. Entomologists are also indebted to the perseverance of Bonelli for the characters and name of this genus, of which a detailed ac- HARPALIDA.— ANCHOMENUS. Sk. count has been recently given, in which the uniarticulate structure of the internal maxillary palpus is, I believe, first noticed: this character, combined with the punctate thorax, distinguishes this genus from Platynus and Anchomenus, which latter it is frequently associated with by the continental entomologists; and the simple lobe in the centre of the notch of the mentum discriminates it from Epomis and Chlenius, with which it agrees in having a punctate thorax and pubescent elytra. Sp. 1. lunatus. Nigro-cyaneus, thorace rufo, elytris flavis maculis tribus nigris. (Long. corp. 32 lin.) Car. lunatus. Fabricius.—Cal. lunatus. Curtis, iv. pl. 180.—Steph. Catal. No. 113. Bluish-black: head dusky-blue or greenish, strongly punctate: thorax ferru- ginous, a little convex and pubescent, finely punctate ; a deep channel down the middle, and a slight impression on each side near the hinder angle: the scutel and elytra yellow, the latter slightly pubescent, very obsoletely striated, reddish towards the suture, with a small roundish spot at the basal angle, a second larger, and transverse, towards the middle, reaching nearly to the suture, and a third at the tip, united externally to the central one: beneath the body is bluish-black ; the thighs and tibie are yellowish at the base, and dusky at the tip, the tarsi brownish: the mouth, palpi, and two basal joints of the antenne are ferruginous, the rest of the antenne dusky. Kent seems to be the principal habitat of this beautiful and de- licately formed species, most of the specimens contained in our cabinets having been captured in that county, chiefly in the eastern division, near Dover, whence I have received two. In the British Museum are others from the same locality. A specimen was picked up by a lady last October, at Petrixbourne, near Canterbury. Genus XX XIJ.—Ancuomenus, Bonelli. Palpi with the terminal joint ovate, attenuated at the tip, slightly truncate: labrum quadrate, transverse, entire: mandibles denticulated at the base, acute: mentum anteriorly emarginate, with an acute simple tooth in the centre. Antenne linear, the third joint twice as long as the second: head subovate: thorax truncate-cordate, slightly convex, scarcely margined: elytra rather sinuated at the apex: body a little convex: wings two or none: an- terior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Anchomenus is readily known from Callistus by the form of the thorax, which is rather elongate and not punctate throughout; and from Platynus by having an acute simple notch in the centre of the mentum, and the body rather convex. 82 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Sp. 1. prasinus. Nigro-cyaneus, capite thoraceque virescentibus, pedibus ely= trisque rufescentibus, elytris posticé maculé communi nigro-cyaned. (Long. corp. 3—383 lin.) Ca. prasinus. Fabricius.—Martyn, pl. 37, f. 25.—An. prasinus. Steph. Catal. No. 114. | Head and thorax greenish ; elytra depressed, pale ferruginous, with a large dorsal blue-black spot behind, reaching nearly to the apex, striated, the strie impunctate, the interstices flat, smooth ; body beneath glossy-black: legs, palpi, and antenne pale rufous, the terminal joints of the latter dusky. A very abundant species, particularly near London; and Dr. Leach took it plentifully in Scotland. Like the Brachini, this species wards off the attacks of its enemies by repeated discharges of smoke and noise. Sp. 2. albipes. Nigyo-piceus, antennis, pedibus, elytrorumque margine pallidis. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Ca. albipes. Iiliger.—An. albipes. Steph. Catal. No. 115. Pitchy-black, slightly shining: head smooth: thorax a little convex, smooth, with a slight central channel, or transverse impression, near the base, which is thickly punctate: elytra striated, the strie impunctate, with a series of remote impressions near the margin of the elytra; the margin itself, and legs, pale testaceous: body beneath pitchy black, pallid at the apex: palpi pale ochraceous ; antenne pale at the base, ferruginous at the tip. Var. g. Pale ferruginous, eyes black, legs pale testaceous. Extremely common in damp banks throughout the metropolitan district. Sp. 3. sordidus. Niger, elytris obscuré picets striatis, striits immunibus ; ely= trorum marginibus pedibusque testaceis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Ca. sordidus. Marsham.—An. sordidus. Steph. Catal. No. 116. Head pitchy-black: thorax black, glabrous, with an impressed, abbreviated, obsolete, longitudinal, central line; the base ruggedly-punctate: elytra ob- scure, piceous, striated, the strie impunctate ; the margin testaceous: body beneath black: palpi, antenne, and legs, testaceous. Var. 6. With the elytra reddish-testaceous. I obtained a pair of this species from the collection of Mr. Mar- sham, captured near Usk, in Cumberland; but I do not think them sufficiently distinct from the preceding. The colour of the palpi and antenne is rather darker, and the insect appears rather more slender. Sp.4. oblongus. <Apterus, piceus, nitidus, elytris crenato-striatis, fusco-testacets, antennis pedibusque pallidis. (Long. corp. 2—22 lin.) Ca. oblongus. Fabricius.—An. oblongus. Steph. Catal. No. 117. Glossy black: head smooth, large: thorax elongate, scarcely broader than the HARPALIDA.—PLATYNUS. 83 head, rather convex, shining, with a slight central line, and a deep arcuate, elongate, punctated fovea at the base, near the hinder angle: elytra broad, fusco-testaceous, or brown, shining, deeply punctate-striate, the strie some- what crenate; at the margin a series of larger fovee: body beneath smooth, glossy, piceous, the apex rather pale: legs elongate, pale-testaceous: antenne pale-ferruginous : palpi piceous. Var. 6. With the elytra pale testaceous. Rather a scarce species, occurring in marshy situations. It has been taken in Bottisham-fen, under the bark of a tree, by the Rev. L. Jenyns; at Waltham-marsh, by Mr. Hanson; in the marshes near Norwich, by the late Mr. Griffin; and once by myself in Battersea-fields. Genus XX XII].—Puatynus, Bonelli. Palpi with the terminal joint ovate, subtruncate: /abrum quadrate, transverse, entire: mandibles denticulated at the base, acute, rather suddenly bent in- ternally at the tip: mentum anteriorly emarginate, with a bifid tooth in the centre. Antenne linear, the third joint about twice as long as the second: head subovate: thorax strongly margined, truncate-cordate, depressed: elytra sinuated at the tip: body depressed: wings two, or none: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Distinguished from Anchomenus and Callistus by having a bifid central lobe in the notch of the mentum; from Sphodrus by the comparative brevity of the third joint cf the antenne; and from Agonum, by the form of the thorax, the hinder angles being acute, and not rounded, as in that genus. Sp. 1. angusticollis. Niger nitidus, thorace glaberrimo, elytris striatis, apice sinuato-emarginatis. (Long. corp. 5—6 lin.) Ca. angusticollis. Fabricius—Pl. angusticollis. Steph. Catal. No. 118. Shining black: head smooth: thorax very glossy, rather convex, transversely but obsoletely strigose, with a deep transverse abbreviated line on the anterior part, a strong longitudinal impression, and a fovea on each side near the hinder angle: elytra broad, depressed, shining black, striated, the strie, under a powerful lens, very obsoletely punctulate, a marginal series of remote im- pressions, and three larger impressed dots on the disc ; the interstices convex : body beneath smooth, glossy black: legs, mouth, and palpi piceous: antenne rufo-piceous at the base, brown at the tip. Frequently taken at the roots of trees in the spring, especially on Epping-forest: it likewise occurs at Coombe-wood, in Ken- sington-gardens, and in Devonshire. } Sp. 2. scrobiculatus. Apterus, ater, antennis pedibusque rufis ; capite punctis duohus sanguineis. (Long. corp. 6 lin.) Sh MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Ca. scrobiculatus. Fabricius.—PI. scrobiculatus. Steph. Catal. No. 119. - Head black, with two light red spots: antenne and palpi rufous: thorax with three impressed. lines, the central one reaching to the base, the others not : elytra striated, the strie smooth, narrow at the tip ; three impressed dots: towards the centre: legs rufous. There is a specimen of this insect in the collection at the British Museum, taken by Dr. Leach, near Ashburton, in Devonshire. Grnus XX XIV.—Spuopruws, Clairville. Paipi rather elongate, filiform, terminal joint oblong-ovate, truncate, shorter than the third: labrum quadrate, transverse, entire: mandibles slender, elon- gate, denticulated at the base: mentum with a bifid tooth in the centre of its anterior notch: /abiwm with elongate lateral appendages. Antenne linear, the third joint about three times as long as the second: head porrect: thorax obcordate-truncate, depressed, margined: elytra entire: wings two, or rudi- mentary: anterior tarsi of the males with four dilated joints. The genus Sphodrus is readily known by the great length of the third joint of the antennz, which, in one of the species, is upwards of three times as long as the second; and by its elongated, filiform, palpi. The males are further discriminated by having four dilated joints to their anterior tarsi. The genus appears to be allied to Platynus, but the transition from it to Agonum is less natural than could be wished. Both species frequent cellars and clese subter- raneous passages. Sp. 1. leucopthalmus. Nigro-piceus, levis, subdepressus, elytris subtiliter punc= tato-striatis. (Tong. corp. 10—12 lin.) Ca. leucopthalmus. Linné.—Sp. leucopthalmus. Steph. Catal. No. 120. Pitchy-black, slightly shining, head black, smooth: thorax above depressed, the margin sometimes rufescent, the disc obsoletely strigose, with a slight longitudinal channel, an arcuated transverse impression, and a large fovea at the base on each side near the hinder angle: elytra oblong-ovate ; depressed, rather dull pitchy-black, slightly striated, the strie very obsoletely punctate, the second from the margin with a series of large impressions: body beneath black, or pitchy: legs, mouth, and palpi pitchy: basal joints of the antenne black, the rest brownish. The posterior legs of the male are furnished with a long spine, arising from the trochanters. Not an uncommon species in several parts of the outskirts of the metropolis, frequenting cellars, outhouses, and stables, subsisting probably upon the hosts of Blattee with which the subterranean apartments of London abound. HARPALIDH.—AGONUM. 85 Sp. 2. Terricola. Apterus, nigro-piceus subdepressus, elytris obscure cyaneis subtilitér punctato-striatis. (Long corp. 6—82 lin.) Ca. Terricola. Paykul.—Sp. Terricola. Steph. Catal. No. 121. _ Head pitchy-black, smooth, glossy: thorax depressed above, shining, smooth, pitchy, or blue-black, slightly channelled in the middle, and a deep, oblong, bent fovea on each side at the base: the elytra broad, oblong-ovate, rather depressed, blue-black, or bluish, rather shining, regularly though obsoletely striated, the strie very slightly punctate ; interstices rather convex, subco- riaceous; a marginal series of subocellated fover : body beneath and legs pitchy-black : tarsi reddish: antenne rusty-brown : palpi, mouth, and labrum pitchy-red. Like the last insect, Sp. Terricola frequents cellars, outhouses, and confined places among the “ busy haunts of men,” throughout the metropolitan district. It is also very common near Bottisham. Genus XX XV.—Aconwum, Bonelli. Palpi with the terminal joint fusiform, truncate, of the same length with the third: labrum quadrate, transverse, obsoletely emarginate: mandibles acute, denticulated at the base: mentum with an acute triangular tooth in the centre of its notch. Antenne linear; the third joint about twice as long as the second, which is shortest, the terminal one longest: head elongate: thorax depressed, smooth, the posterior angles rounded: body depressed : elytr.t slightly emarginate at the tip: wings two: claws simple: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. The genus Agonum may be known from the preceding by the form of its thorax, which is either suborbicular or subovate, with the hinder angles rounded, and by the mentum, which is furnished with a simple acute tooth: from Odontonyx and Synuchus it is discriminated by the want of denticulations to the claws. The species resemble each other so closely, that it is extremely difficult to unite some of the varieties with their legitimate partners; and were it not for their different localities and habit, I should be in- duced to expunge three or four of them from the list. However, most of them are acknowledged by the continental writers: they usually frequent damp and marshy places. A. With the thorax nearly orbicular. Sp. 1. marginatum. Viride aut cupreum, antennarum basi tibiisque test rceis ; elytris tenué striatis, disco tripunctatis, margine flavo. (Long. corp. 4—5 lin.) Ca. marginatus. Linn. F.— Mart. C. pl. 35. f. 19.—Steph. Catal. No. 122. Head green, shining: mouth and palpi pitchy: antenne black, the first joint dusky testaceous: thorax acutely margined, the margin itself obscure testa- Manpisurata, Vot. I. lst Fesruary, 1828. M 86 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. ceous, rather convex, shining, green-brass, obsoletely strigose, a slight channel down the centre, a large bent impunctate fovea on each side at the base: elytra oblong-ovate, rather convex above, green-brass or coppery, very deli- cately striated, and obsoletely granulated, the strie with very minute im- pressed dots, but with three larger ones on each elytron, the first near the third stria from the suture, the other two near the second; the margin has an interrupted row of impressed dots, and is entirely of a bright pale yellow: the body beneath is brassy-green, smooth, and shining: the thighs are stout, pitchy-black ; the tibie, and sometimes the base of the thighs, pale testa- ceous, the former fuscous at the tip: the tarsi brownish. The male has the elytra shining, the female obscure. Ag. marginatum used to be esteemed a scarce species, but it occurs plentifully in several places. The Rev. L. Jenyns finds it commen in the fens near Ely; and I have taken it abundantly in Battersea-fields, and in other parts near London. Sp. 2. sexpunctatum. Capite thoraceque viridi-aureis, elytris tenué punctato= striatis rubro-cupreis, aut nigro-encis, punctis sex serie impressis. (ong. corp. 33—44 lin.) Ca. sexpunctatus. Zinné.—Ag. sexpunctatum. Samou. 150. pl. 3. f. 20.— Steph. Catal. No. 123. A splendid insect: head obsoletely striated, shining, green, or green-gold: mouth pitchy-black: palpi and antenne black, the latter brassy at the base : thorax with its disc slightly convex, brassy-green, or golden, slightly but thickly strigose transversely, with a punctate impression on each side at the base: elytra ovate, above moderately convex, shining red-copper, with the margin green-brass, slightly punctate-striate, the interstices obsoletely gra- nulated, and the third from the suture usually adorned with six rather deeply impressed dots, two of which are placed near the base of the third stria, and the other four adjoining the second; the margin is also furnished with a series of subocellated dots: the body beneath shining greenish-brass, the sides sub- punctate: the thighs greenish-brass: the tibie and tarsi black. The colour of the upper surface varies extremely, from every shade of brilliant red-copper to splendid hues of green, gold, purple, and violet ; it is sometimes found nearly black ; and the number of impressed dots between the second and third stria from the suture varies from five to eight. Previous to the year 1812, few cabinets could boast the posses- sion of this beautiful species. In July of that year I took a single female in a water-course in the hollow of Coombe-wood, and the following year I met with the insect by dozens in the same place ; also in Battersea-fields and near Hertford I found a few; and in the same season it was taken, I believe plentifully, in Norfolk,.and sparingly in Epping-forest, and in several places near London; but it has subsequently disappeared. HARPALIDA.—AGONUM. 87 } Sp. 3. austriacum. Migrum, thorace viridi-cupreo, elytris viridibus, striatis, ad suturam cupreis; pedibus nigris. (Long. corp. 4 lin.) Ca. austriacus. Fabricius.—Ag. austriacum. Curtis, iv. pl. 183.—Steph. Catal. iNo. 124. Head smooth green: palpi and three basal joints of the antenne black, the rest of the latter brown: thorax coppery-green, with a central channel, obsoletely strigose transversely, with a thickly punctured fovea on each side at the base : elytra green-copper near the suture, slightly convex, striated, the interstices smooth, the second from the suture with a row of impressed dots, and the marginal stria also with a series of impressions: body beneath and legs black. Two specimens of this elegant species are in the British Museum cabinet, captured by the late Mr. Cranch, near Kingsbridge, in Devonshire ; and the Rev. F. W. Hope has a specimen which he took at Clengre, near Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire. Sp. 4 parumpunctatum. Oblongo-ovatum versicolore, elytris striatis disco tri- punctatis, tibiis testaceis. (Long. corp. 3—4 lin.) Ca. parumpunctatum. Fabricius—Ag. parumpunctatum. Steph, Catal. No. 125.—Ca. cerulescens. Mart. C. pl. 35. f. 1. Head smooth glossy-green: mouth pitchy: palpi black: antenne black, with the basal joint testaceous beneath: thorax above slightly convex, green, tinged with coppery or brass, very obsoletely strigose, slightly channelled in the centre ; with an obsoletely punctate fovea at the base near the posterior angles: elytra slightly convex, of a shining coppery or brassy-green, slightly striated, the strie very obsoletely punctated, with three or four impressed dots between the second and third from the suture, and a series of impres- sions on the margin: the body beneath obscure-green, shining, slightly punc- tate: thighs greenish-black, the base sometimes pitchy: tibie and tarsi dull _ testaceous. Like Ag. sexpunctatum this species varies much in colour above, being occa- sionally found of beautiful tints of blue, purple, azure, and violet, or fine cop- pery green, and sometimes black. Not an uncommon insect, eccurring beneath stones and moss in damp places: the varieties are, however, rare. Sp. 5. plicicolle. Viridi-eneum, antennis pedibusque piceis, thorace transversim rugoso, elytris striatis strid@ marginali punctis majusculis distantibus notatd. (Long. corp. 4 lin.) Ag. plicicolle. Niécolai.—Steph. Catal. No. 126. Head brassy-green, ruggedly punctate: mouth piceous: antenne piccous, the first joint palest: thorax convex, transversely rugose, green-brassy, smoothly impressed on each side, with a central channel: scutellum obtuse, smooth, ob- secure eneous: elytra oblong, broader than the thorax: shoulders rounded, rather depressed, green-brass, simply striated, with three large impressed dots near the second stria from the suture, and a series of distant spots on 88 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. ‘the marginal strie, which are placed closer together near the apex: body be- neath shining black: legs pitchy, slender: the hinder tibie curved externally. I have seen one specimen only of this insect (which is very distinct from any of the following). It was taken in the north of. England during the past season by Mr. Weaver, frem whom I ob- tained it. . Sp. 6. viduum. Ovatum nigrum, supra obscure virescens, elytris profundius striatis, punctis tribus disci impressis. (Long. corp. 34—4 lin.) Ca. viduus. Jiliger.—Ag: viduum. Steph. Catal. No. 197. Head black, smooth, shining: palpi and antenne black: thorax convex above, smooth giossy green-black, obsoletely strigose, with a slight central channel, and a large fovea on each side at the base: elytra oblong-ovate, much broader than the thorax : shoulders rounded, rather convex, blackish-brass or greenish, rather deeply striated, the strie delicately punctated ; between the second and third strie from the suture three impressed dots, and an interrupted series on the margin: body beneath glossy black, rather smooth: legs elongate, black. There is the greatest imaginable affinity between this species and the four following; but the beautiful figures of Sturm point out the distinctions of some of them, and others are discriminated by characters that may be easier seen than expressed. ‘This species occurs near London, in Battersea and Copenhagen-fields, and in Shropshire. Sp. 7. versutum. Migrum, aut nigro-eneum, nitidum, thorace convexo, elytiis _ parum dilatatis, tenué striato-punctatis. (Long. corp. 4 lin.) Ag. versutum. Stwrm.—Steph. Catal. No. 128. Allied to the last, but somewhat less and narrower: glossy black, or tinged with eneous: thorax with the sides rounded: the disc convex anteriorly, very smooth and shining, depressed posteriorly, with a large subpunctate fovea on each side at the base, and a slight longitudinal channel: elytra emarginate at the base, a little convex, striated, the strie punctate, with two deep impres- sions on the second stria, and one on the third, from the base, as in the last described insect: body beneath and legs glossy black, the latter sometimes piceous. Occasionally found in the metropolitan district. Sp. 8. leve. Migrum, nitidum, thorace breviore, latitudine fere elytrorum, elytris minus dilatatis. (Long. corp. 34—-4 lin.) Ag. levis. De Jean.—Steph. Catal. No. 129. Similar to the next, but the elytra less broad ; deep glossy black: the thorax very wide, with an impressed longitudinal channel, and an elongate fovea on each side at the base: the elytra scarcely broader than the thorax, rather convex, striated, the strie obsoletely punctate ; the base slightly emarginated ; the dise with three deeper impressions. Taken near London, and at Swansea. HARPALIDE.—AGONUM. 89 Sp. 9. emarginatum. Ovatum atrum, thorace hrevi, lato, elytris anticé emar- ginatis angulis humeralibus productis. (Long. corp. 33—4 lin.) Ha. emarginatus. Gyllenhal.—Ag. emarginatum. Steph. Catal. No. 130. Closely allied to Ag. moestum, but known by its prominent shoulders ; entirely of a deep glossy black: thorax slightly strigose transversely, with a deep longitudinal channel and basal fovea on each side: elytra rather convex, striated, with an impressed dot near the base of the third stria from the suture, and two on the second, at equal distances between it and the apex of the elytra: the humeral angle very prominent, and slightly acuminated: the region of the scutellum depressed: body beneath and legs glossy black; the latter sometimes piceous. Not uncommon in Battersea-fields, and on the borders of Whit- tlesea-mere; also near Netley, Salop. Sp. 10. moestum. Atrum aut nigro-cerulescens, thorace breviore, lato, laterthus rotundatis, elytris latis, striatis. (Jong. corp. 34—4 lin.) Ag. moestum. Sturm.—Steph. Catal. No. 131. Shorter and broader than the last; entirely deep black, or delicately glossed with bluish, shining: mouth pitchy: thorax nearly transverse, the sides regularly rounded, with an impressed dorsal line, and a fovea at the base on each side: elytra shorter and broader than in Ag. viduum, rather convex, deeply striated, the strie slightly punctate, with two large impressed dots on the anterior half of the third stria from the suture, and one on the second stria, midway between the last and the apex of the elytra: basal joint of an- tenne pitchy. Feund in Coombe-wood and Battersea-fields; also near Bristol, and in Shropshire, not uncommonly. Sp- 11. afrum. Angustior, nigrum, nitidum, thorace sublongiore, lato, elytris striatis, striis impunctatis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Ca. afer. Dufischmidt.—Ag. afrum. Steph. Catal. No. 132. Head black, glossy, smooth: thorax a little elongate, rather distant from the base of the elytra, slightly convex, with a slender abbreviated longitudinal line, and a fovea on each side at the base: elytra glossy-black, a little convex, oblong-ovate, slightly striated, the strie impunctate ; between the second and third from the suture two deep impressed dots, towards the apex, and one near the base on the third: body beneath and legs entirely black. Known from the preceding by its more elongate form. It occurs near London and Bristol, and is said to be common in Norfolk. + Sp. 12. Bogemanni. Nigro-piceum depressum, subtis dilutiore, thorace breviori cordato, elytris obsoleté inequalitér striatis, interstitiis subtilissimé strigosis. Ha. Bogemanni. Gyllenhal.—Ag. Bogemanni. Steph. Catal. No. 133. Of the depressed form of Ag. livens, which it is allied to, but is only about half the size: head glossy black, oblong, smooth: mouth pitchy: palpi reddish- 90 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. pitchy: antenne piceous at the base, fuscescent at the tip: thorax cordate, a ‘little convex, shining black, very delicately and transversely strigose, with a slender longitudinal channel, and a rather deep rounded foveola on each side at the base; the lateral margin much elevated: elytra ample, rounded at the shoulders, the sides not dilated; depressed, black, slightly glossy, and ob- soletely striated, the strie scarcely punctulated, and approximating in pairs ; the interstices under a deep lens very delicately and thickly transversely strigose ; the margin with remote, subocellated impressed dots: body beneath pale piceous, smooth, glossy: legs elongated, slender, pitchy, the base pale rufescent. Taken by Dr. Leach? but I know not its locality. B. With the thorax suboblong-ovate, the posterior angles sometimes rather acute. Sp. 13. quadripunctatum. Pxrarez VI,f. 1.—Oblongum, nigrum, subdepressum, supra violaceum, elytris tenué striatis, foveis disci quatuor serie impressis. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ca. quadripunctatus. De Geer.—Ag. 4—punctatum. Steph. Catal. No. 134. Head glossy violet-black: mouth, palpi, and antenne black: thorax deep violet- black, subcordate, a little convex, strigose throughout, the strige obsolete, an oblique punctate impression near the posterior angles, which are somewhat acute, and a slight dorsal channel: elytra oblong, subdepressed, deep violet- black, tinged with bluish, very slightly striated ; the strie impunctate, and between the second and third from the suture several deep impressions, and some rather obsolete on the marginal stria: body beneath shining black, smooth: legs elongate, entirely black. I have hitherto seen but one specimen only of this pretty insect, which was taken by Mr. Weaver in Cumberland last season, and is in my cabinet. Sp. 14. consimile. Oblongum, subconverum, nigro-cerulescens, mandibulis rufo-~ picets, elytris fusco-virescentibus striatis, punctis tribus disci minutis. (Long. corp. 23-3 lin.) Ha. consimilis. Gyllenhal—Ag. consimile. Steph. Catal. No. 135. Similar to the last: head blue-black, shining, smeoth: mandibles pitchy-red : palpi and antenne black: thorax short, transverse, slightly convex, entirely blue-black ; closely and obsoletely strigose, with a slight dorsal channel, and an oblique, oblong, impression near the basal angles, which, are somewhat evident: elytra oblong, glossy, fuscous, tinged with greenish, a little convex, slightly striated, the strie impunctate, with three or four very minute dots between the second and third from the suture, and about the same number towards the tip on the margin, which has a few wrinkles at its base: the body beneath is glossy blue-black, subpunctate: legs elongate black, the thighs bluish. I am indebted to A. Cooper, Esq. R. A. for a-series of this rather HARPALIDE.—AGONUM. 91 elegant insect, which he finds somewhat plentifully in Plaistow- marshes. I had previously taken a single specimen in Battersea- fields; and the Rev. F. W. Hope has several from Shropshire. Sp. 15. atratum. Migrum, thorace breviore angustiore, elytris cupreo-atris, ienué striatis, punctis tribus disct minutis, strié marginali punctis approwxi- matis notaté. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ca. atratus. Dahl ?—Ag. atratum. Steph. Catal. No. 136. Rather larger than the last, and more elongate than the two following: head glossy black: thorax narrow, glossy black, very obsoletely strigose, with a smooth impression on each side at the base: elytra oblong-ovate, slightly striated with three or more impressed dots on the second and third from the suture ; and a continuous series on the margin, deep black obscurely tinged, in some specimens, with copper: body beneath, legs, antenne, palpi, and mandibles deep black. Found occasionally near London. Sp. 16. cursitor. Hneo-piceum, antennis fuscis basi piceis, thorace breviore, elytris @neo-fuscis tenué striatis, striis immunibus, pedibus testaceis. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ag. cursitor. Kirby MSS. Steph. Catal. No. 137. Allied to the next, of which it may prove to be merely an immature variety: it differs in being of a deeper metallic tinge above, and in having the legs and antenne of a paler colour, the former especially, which are sometimes pale testaceous: the thorax appears to have a deeper longitudinal channel: the elytra broader and shorter, and the marginal series of impressed dots is inter- rupted in the middle. Taken near Ipswich and London, but rarely. Sp. 17. micans. Obscure-aneum, subtus nigrum, antennis pedibusque piceis, thorace levi, elytris striutis, strié marginali punctis majusculis distantibus notaté. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ag. micans. Vicolaz.—Steph. Catal. No. 138. Head smooth, dull brassy: antenne piceous: thorax smooth, but very finely and transversely wrinkled in the middle, with a slight dorsal channel, and a lon- gitudinal impression on each side near the posterior angle, which is obtuse: scutellum smooth obscure «neous: elytra oblong-ovate, rather convex, dull neous, simply striated, with large distant impressed dots on the marginal stria, which approximate at the apex: body beneath pitchy, shining: legs slender, piceous. I have one specimen of this insect, captured by myself in the neighbourhood of London, and another taken near Swansea. Sp. 18. piceum. Nigrum, elytris convevis, nitidis, substriatis fusco-piceis late- ribus dilutiorihbus, pedibus rufo-piceis. (Long. corp. 3} lin.) 99 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Ca. piceus. Linné.—Ag. piceum. Steph. Catal. No. 139. Body black: antenne shorter than the body, black: thorax narrow, somewhat rounded behind, with a central dorsal channel: elytra convex, shining, some- what striated, pitchy-brown, palest at the margins: much broader than the. thorax: legs pitchy-red. The above description, kindly furnished me by the Rev. W. Kirby, from the original Linnean specimen, well characterizes an insect that is far from uncommon in the vicinity of London. It also occurs in Shropshire and Norfolk. Sp. 19. Simpsoni. MNigrum, elytris fusco-piceis, subconvexis, tenué striatis, pedibus piceis, thorace breviore, latiore. (Long. corp. 34 lin.) Ag. Simpsoni? Spence MSS. Steph. Catal. No. 140. Allied to the last, but rather larger ; the thorax broader and shorter: head and thorax smooth glossy black, the last obsoletely strigose, with a deep arcuated and obsoletely punctate impression near the basal angles: the elytra deep pitchy-brown, or black, slightly convex, a little glossy, with simple striae, the margin with an interrupted series of impressed dots: the body beneath black: legs pitchy. Taken in Battersea-fields, at Netley, Salop; and common at Bottisham, hybernating beneath the bark and roots of trees. Sp. 20. pullum. MNigro-piceum, elytris subconvexis nigro-castancis, striatis, thorace obsolete canaliculato, pedibus picets. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ag. pullum. Hoffmann. MSS.—Steph. Catal. No. 141. Rather less than the last, which it greatly resembles: it differs in being more slender and glossy: the head and thorax are smooth, the latter with the disc convex, with a shallow impunctate arcuate impression at the base on each side: elytra ovate, rather moderately convex, of a chesnut-black, striated, the strie impunctate, with three or four rather obsolete impressions on the third from the suture, and an interrupted marginal series: body beneath smooth glossy black: legs rufo-piceous, with the base of the thighs, the tibie, and tarsi palest: antenne and palpi black. Found in Devonshire, near Netley, Salop, and near London. Sp. 21. striatum. Prceum, subtus dilutiore, thorace subrugoso, nigro, marginibus piceis, elytris castaneis profunde striatis, striis obsoletissime punctulatis, pedibus testaceis. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ag. striatum mihi.—Steph. Catal. No. 142. Also allied to the three or four preceding species, but distinguished by its rugose thorax and deeply striated elytra: the head and thorax are pitchy- black, the latter ruggedly-strigose throughout, with an arcuate impression on each side at the base, and the margin piceous: elytra pale chesnut, rather depressed, with very deep obsoletely punctulated strie, and an obscure series HARPALIDZ.—AGONUM. 93. of interrupted marginal dots: body beneath of a rufous-pitchy colour, with the legs testaceous: the antenne are dusky, with the base piceous. This species occurs, but very rarely, in the metropolitan district. Sp. 22. fuscipenne. Nigrum nitidum, antennis pedibusque piceis, elytris oblongo- obovatis, convexiusculis, fuscis, striatis, strid marginali punctis distantibus notaté. (Long. corp. 3—3} lin.) Ag. fuscipenne. Nicolai. Steph. Catal. p. 19. No. 143. Head smooth, shining black: antenne piceous: thorax oblong, subquadrate, the sides slightly rounded, rather narrowed behind, somewhat flat, smooth, shining black, with a channel in the middle, and an impression on each side at the base: scutellum obtuse, shining black: elytra oblong-ovate, twice as broad as the thorax ; above rather convex, fuscous, with simple strie, the marginal stria with distant impressed dots, which are approximating at the apex : body beneath glossy black: legs slender, piceous. Two specimens only of this insect have come under my inspection ; they were taken during the last season in the north of England, by Mr. Weaver. Sp. 23. fuliginosum. Migro-piceum, antennarum basi pedibusque piceo-ferru= gineis, thorace oblongo, posticé angustiore, utrinque foveolato, elytris brevi= oribus castaneis striatis. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Ca. fuliginosum. Knoch.—Ag. fuliginosus. Steph. Catal. p. 19. No. 144. Head smooth, shining, black: antenne dusky, with the base piceous: thorax glossy, pitchy-black, with a deep arcuated impression on each side at the base: elytra much broader than the thorax, obtuse, subconvex, chesnut-red, shining, regularly and simply striated, with three impressions between the second and third striz, and some remote ones on the margin: body beneath pitchy-black, shining, nearly smooth: legs elongate, pitchy-red. Differs from the last in having the thorax rather more elongate, and broader behind ; and from the next by the width and colour of the elytra, and in several other particulars. I have occasionally taken this species in Battersea-fields and Coombe-wood. Sp. 24. picipes. Oblongum nigrum nitidum, thorace suhovali utrinque foveo- lato, elytris tenué striatis, pedibusque fusco-testaceis. (Long. corp. 3—3} lin.) Ca. picipes. Fabricius.—Ag. picipes. Steph. Catal. p. 19. No. 145. Head very smooth, shining black: mouth pitchy-red: palpi piceous: antenne fuscous-black, the base pitchy: thorax scarcely rounded at the sides, rather narrowed behind, the angles obtusely rounded, above convex, smooth, glossy black, or lead-coloured, very slightly channelled down the centre, with a broad, somewhat deep fovea at the base: scutellum smooth, black: elytra oblong-ovate, rather convex, fuscous-brown, livid, or testaceous, glossy, Manvpisuata, Vou. I. lst Marcu, 1828. N 9A, MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. slightly striated, the strie impunctate, the interstices smooth, with two or three impressed dots near the base of the third stria, and one or two on the second posteriorly ; the margin with an interrupted row of impressions: body beneath shining black, smooth: legs testaceous. Found in marshy places near London and Norfolk, also on the | borders of Whittlesea-mere, and near Netley and Longmont, Salop. Sp. 25. gracile. Oblongum, nigrum, nitidum, thorace breviore posticé parum angustato, utrinque foved basi impresso, elytris levitér striatis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Ag. gracile. Sturm.—Steph. Catal. p. 19. No. 146. Head smooth, glossy black: thorax rather shorter, and the sides more rounded than in the preceding insect, posteriorly less narrowed, and with a shorter impressed fovea near the posterior angles: elytra simply striated, rather convex, with several impressions between the second and third strie from the suture, and an interrupted series on the margin: body beneath black, tibie and tarsi dull ferruginous, sometimes black or dusky. Found occasionally near London. I have taken three specimens only. Sp. 26. pelidnum. Oblongum, nigro-piceum, antennis pedibusque rufo-picers, thorace obovato levi, foveis nullis, elytrorum striis levibus. (Long. corp. 3—345 lin.) Ca. pelidnus. Paykul.—Ag. pelidnum. Steph. Catal. p.19. No. 147. Head as in the last: mouth and palpi pitchy: antenne dusky, with the base rufo-piceous: thorax obovate, narrowest behind, the base truncated and without fovee ; rather convex, glossy black, or piceous, very obsoletely stri- gose, and delicately channelled : elytra oblong-ovate, rather acuminated, a little convex, glossy pitchy-black, slightly striated, the strie very obsoletely cre- nulated ; near the third from the suture are two impressed dots before the middle, and annexed to the second is a third placed posteriorly ; the margin (as in several others of the genus) has an interrupted series of impressions : body beneath rather smooth, pitchy-black: legs rufescent, sometimes pitchy. Some specimens have a very slight impression near the posterior angle of the thorax, and the colour of the elytra varies, being occasionally nearly tes- taceous. This appears a rare species near London, but is rather common on the borders of Whittlesea-mere; and the Rev. L. Jenyns has taken two specimens under dead bark in the winter, at Bottisham. Sp. 27. affine, Oblongum, nigro-piceum, antennis pedibusque pallidiorcbus, thorace levi striolé utrinque postice impressd, elytris tenué striatis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Ag. affine mihi.—Steph. Catal. p. 19, No, 148. HARPALIDZ.—AGONUM. 95 Allied to the preceding but discriminated by its uniform colour above, and by the deep impressed line near each basal angle of the thorax, the last species being usually destitute of any impression on that part: the entire insect is of a deep metallic black, with the exception of the antenne and legs, which are of a pale ochraceous-pitchy hue: the disc of the thorax is convex, and the elytra are rather slightly striated, with an obsolete interrupted marginal series of dots, which become stronger towards the tip. This, which is probably the Ag. pelidnum of Sturm, seems rare, as I have hitherto seen one specimen only, which I caught near London. Sp. 28. pusillum. Atrum nitidum, thorace breviore, posticé utrinque foved im- presso, elytris striatis, strié marginalis obsoleté punctatd. (Long. corp. 2} lin.) Ag. pusillum mhi.—Steph. Catal. p. 19. No. 149. The smallest indigenous species of the genus: the entire body, with the legs, antenne, mouth, and palpi, is of a deep black, obsoletely tinted with violet : the thorax approaches in form to that of the insects of the first division, being short, and apparently more orbicular than oblong; it has some obsolete trans- verse wrinkles and an impunctate fovea on each side near the basal angles: the elytra are simply striated, the margin having a very obsolete series of impressed dots. The smallest species of the genus, and very distinct from all. It might probably arrange more advantageously near Ag. consimile and its congeners: one specimen only has been seen by me, which was taken near London. Sp. 29. livens. Oblongum, depressum, nigrum, ore antennis pedibusque rufo- ferrugineis, elytris striatis, fronte rufo-hbimaculata. (Long. corp. 33—4 lin.) Ha. livens. Gyllenhal.—Ag. livens. Steph. Catal. p. 19. No. 150. Head smooth, glossy black,! with two ferruginous spots between the eyes: mouth pitchy-red: palpi reddish: antenne ferruginous, the second, third, and fourth joints pitchy at the base: thorax glossy shining black, cordate, the dise sub-convex, channelled, slightly strigose, the margin smooth, with a deep, elongate, punctulated impression at the base on each side: scutellum smooth, black: elytra oblong, above depressed, black, shining, slightly striated, the strie and interstices impunctate, the margin with a nearly con- tinuous series of impressions, which approximate towards the apex: body beneath smooth, pitchy-black, with the apex testaceous: legs totally rusty-red. Apparently a maritime species. It has been captured at Bognor and Hastings; and I have an immature specimen, which was found in the vicinity of Brighton: it has also been taken in Norfolk. 96 MANDIBULATA.— COLEOPTERA. Genus XXX VI.—OpbontTonyx * mihi. Palpi rather elongated, the terminal joint fusiform, acuminated at the tip, scarcely truncate: /abrum quadrate, transverse, entire: mandibles acute, bent, — denticulate at the base: mentum emarginate anteriorly, with an acute trian- gular tooth in the centre. Antenne filiform, the third, fourth, and terminal joints nearly equal: head elongate: thorax nearly orbicular, deeply emarginate anteriorly, the posterior angles rounded: body slightly convex: elytra with the apex a little obliquely truncated : wings two or none: claws denticulated : anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Odontonyx, Synuchus, and Calathus are distinguished from the other indigenous Harpalide by having the claws denticulated, as in several of the Brachinide: the former genus is discriminated from the two last by the attenuated terminal joint of the maxillary palpi, and from Calathus, in addition, by having the central lobe of the mentum unindentate. Sp. 1. rotundatus? Pare VI. f. 2.—Fusco-eneus, subtus rufo-piceus, antennis pedibusque flavescentibus. (Long. corp. 3—3¢ lin.) Ca. rotundatus. Paykul ?—Od. rotundatus. Steph, Catal. p. 19. No. 151. Head very glossy, smooth, dusky-bronze: thorax with the disc convex, pitchy me- tallic-black, obsoletely wrinkled transversely, with a deep longitudinal channel ; the lateral and posterior margins thickly punctated, with an obsolete depres- sion towards the hinder angle: elytra oblong-ovate, a little convex, glossy me= tallic-brown, striated, the strie impunctate, with three impressed dots between the second and third from the suture, and a slightly interrupted series on the margin: body beneath reddish-brown, rather glossy : legs yellowish: antenne the same at the base, dusky at the tip: mouth pitchy-red: palpi pale at the base, dusky towards the apex. It varies a little in size and colour. Occasionally found in corn-fields, under stones and dead leaves throughout the metropolitan district; I have also found it near Barham, Suffolk: it likewise occurs in Shropshire and Norfolk. Sp. 2. rotundicollis. Apterus, piceo-ferrugineus, elytris dilutioribus, antennis pedibusque testaceo-pallidis. (ong. corp. 23 lin.) Ca. rotundicollis. Marsham.—Od. rotundicollis. Steph. Catal. p.20. No. 152. Similar to the last, but smaller and apterous: head dusky, smooth: thorax rusty= piceous, obsoletely channelled down the centre, and slightly punctulate on the sides and posterior margin: elytra pale rusty-piceous, obsoletely striated, the strie impunctate, with three impressions on the disc, and a continuous * Ode dens, ov% unguis. HARPALIDE.—SYNUCHUS.—CALATHUS, 97 series of dots on the margin: body beneath rusty-piceous: legs and antenne pale testaceous: palpi rufescent. I obtained a single specimen of this insect from Mr. Marsham’s collection, but I am totally ignorant of its locality: it is readily known by its smaller size, and by being apterous. Genus XX XVII.—Synucuus, Gyllenhal. Palpi moderate; external mazillary with the last joint elongate-cylindric, obtusely truncated; /abial with the terminal joint securiform, the apex obliquely acuminated : Jabrum transverse, entire: mandibles acute, bent, den- ticulated at the base: mentum with an acute triangular tooth in the centre - of its notch. Antenne linear ; the third and terminal joints nearly of equal length: head oblong: thorax nearly orbicular, emarginate anteriorly, with the posterior angles rounded: body rather convex: elytra rounded at the tip: wings two: claws serrated: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Synuchus differs from Odontonyx and Calathus by the form of the terminal joint of the labial palpi; from the latter genus also by the simple tooth in the centre of the notch of the mentum, and by the rotundate thorax. Sp. 1. vivalis. Niger nitidus, antennis pedibusque rufis, elytris striatis, striis impunctatis. (Long. corp. 34—4 lin.) Ca. vivalis. Illiger—Sy. vivalis. Steph. Catal. p. 20. No. 153. Somewhat resembling the two last species, but readily known by its black colour, exclusively of its generic differences: it has the head smooth glossy black, with a transverse impression between the eyes: mouth, palpi, labrum, and antenne rust-colour: thorax slightly convex, shining black, smooth, the edge reddish ; a slight dorsal channel, and a deep impression on each side at the base: elytra a little convex, glossy black or pitchy, rather strongly striated ; the strie impunctate, with two or three remote impressions on the disc between the second and third from the suture, and a slightly interrupted series on the margin: body beneath smooth glossy piceous: legs reddish. It varies in having the margin of the elytra and the suture rufescent. Not a very common species: I have occasionally taken it near London, in damp banks, at Coombe and Darenth-woods, and near Hertford; it also occurs, but sparingly, near Bottisham, and near Netley, Salop; and, I believe, in Norfolk. Genus XX XVIII.—Catatuus, Bonelli. Palpi rather long ; external mazillary with the terminal joint cylindric, trun- cated ; /abial nearly filiform, the two last joints slightly clavate, the terminal truncate: labrum transverse, a little emarginate: mandibles denticulated at 98 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. the base: mentum with a bifid lobe in the centre of its notch. Antenne compressed: head nearly triangular: thorax trapeziform, depressed: body slightly convex: elytra elliptic, entire; glossy in the males, somewhat dull in the females: wings two, or rudimentary: claws serrated : anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. The genus Calathus presents a peculiar outline, from its sub- triangular head, trapeziform thorax, and elliptic elytra, by which it is readily known from the other Harpalidz; exclusively of its den- ticulated claws, combined with the bifid central lobe in the emargi- nation of the mentum; which last character obviously descriminates it from the two preceding genera: the species usually reside among short herbage in banks, and are very frequently observed upon quick hedges. A. Without perfect wings. a. Thorax attenuated behind, with the posterior angles rounded. Sp. 1. piceus. Prate Wit ge 3.—Piceo-niger, thoracis marginibus antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis. (Long. corp. 4—5 lin.) Car. piceus. Marsham.—Cal. piceus. Steph. Catal. p. 20. No. 154. Slightly glossy, pitchy-black: head smooth, with an obsolete impression between the eyes: mouth, palpi, and antenne pitchy-red: thorax slightly convex, shining, with a strong dorsal channel, and a bent fovea between it and the margin on each side near the basal angle, which latter is impunctate; the margin is pitchy-red : elytra somewhat flat, not very deeply striated, the striz impunctate, with three or four deep impressed dots between the second and third from the suture, and an interrupted series on the margin: body beneath impunctate, pitchy-black, with the margins of the abdomen and the breast rufescent: the legs pitchy red, sometimes dusky. Very common in the hedges and low banks about Coombe-wood, but rather scarce elsewhere: it was, however, found in great pro- fusion near Castle-Howard, by Wm. Spence, Esq., the learned coadjutor of the Rev. W. Kirby, in February 1810; it also occurs in Devonshire and Norfolk, and in plenty at Bottisham. b. Thorax broader behind, posterior angles rather acute. Sp. 2. melanocephalus. Niger nitidus, thorace pallidé rufo, antennis pedibusque testaceis. (Long. corp. 3—4 lin.) Car. melanocephalus. Linné.—Mart. C. pl. 37. f. 26.—Cal. melanocephalus. Steph. Catal. p. 20. No. 155. Head smooth, glossy black, with an obsolete impression on each side between the eyes: mouth and palpi reddish: antenne entirely pale reddish: thorax rather convex, the posterior angles acute, smooth, glossy pale red above and beneath, with a slender dorsal channel, and an obsolete fovea at the base on each side: scutellum pitchy : elytra rather convex, greenish-black, shining in HARPALIDA.—CALATHUS. 99 . the male, rather opaque in the female; very delicately striated, the strie impunctate, with two or three impressed dots between the second and third from the suture, and a series on the margin: abdomen glossy pitchy-red: - legs pale, reddish. One of the commonest of the Harpalide, occurring in every hedge, and beneath every heap of stones, not only throughout the metropolitan district, but elsewhere. Sp. 3. Cisteloides. Niger, elytris obsoletissimé punctato-striatis, striis tribus disci punctis majoribus ornatis. (Long. corp. 4—6} lin.) Car. Cisteloides. Tiliger.—Cal. Cisteloides. Steph. Catal. p. 20. No. 156. Head smooth glossy black, with an obsolete impression between the eyes: thorax rather depressed, very obsoletely wrinkled transversely, shining black, with a slight dorsal channel, and an obsolete subpunctate fovea on each side at the base, the base itself rather thickly punctate: elytra slightly convex and striated, the strie very obsoletely punctate, with several impressed dots towards the apex of the second from the suture, about an equal number at the base of the third, eight or ten on the fifth, frequently interrupted in the middle, and a marginal series: body beneath pitchy-black: legs ferruginous, tarsi pitchy: antenne with the basal joint rufous, the following pitchy, the rest dusky. Var. @. With the legs and antenne dull pitchy-black. This is likewise very abundant near London and elsewhere, and is usually found in damp hedges. +Sp.4.latus. Niger, antennis pedibusque piceis, elytris punctato-striatis, striis duabus punctis majoribus impressis. (J.ong. corp. 6 lin.) Cal. latus. De Jean.—Curtis, iv. pl. 184.—Steph. Catal. p. 20. No. 157. Known from the other indigenous species by its great width and superior size: head black, smooth, alittle rugose between the antenne: thorax black, trans- versely wrinkled, with a dorsal channel and a fovea on each side at the base, which is rather thickly punctured: elytra deep black, broad in the middle, rather convex, striated, the strie punctated, the third and fifth with several deeper punctations, and the marginal one with a continuous series of deeper impressions: the body beneath, and legs, pitchy-black: palpi and antenne rufescent. The lateral margins of the thorax are sometimes ferruginous. The only indigenous specimens I have seen of this insect are in the collection at the British Museum; they were taken by Dr. Leach in Devonshire during the spring of 1826. Sp. 5. crocopus. Niger, nitidus, antennis, thoracis laterihus pedibusque rufo= Slavis, elytris striatis disco bipunctatis. (Long. corp. 33—6 lin.) Cal. crocopus. Hoffmannsegg.—Steph. Catal. p. 20. No. 158. 100 MANDIBULATA.—=COLEOPTERA. Shining black: head smooth, with two transverse impressions between the eyes: thorax rather depressed, a little obsoletely wrinkled on the disc, with a longitudinal channel and an impunctate fovea at the posterior angle on each side, deep glossy black, with the margin itself pale reddish or flavescent = elytra rather convex, striated, the strie impunctate, with two impressed dots between the second and third: body beneath pitchy-black: legs and antenne light rufous. Evidently not, as supposed, the Carabus flavipes of Paykul, of which he says, “ elytris quatuor striis punctatis;” though probably the insect which he suspects may be distinct from C. flavipes, and thus notices,—“ Unicum indi-= vidium tamen vidi elytris levioribus vix punctatis.” Found occasionally near Darenth-wood and Cobham, but more abundantly in Glamorganshire and Devonshire. Sp. 6. fuscus. Nigro-piceus, antennis pedibusque pallidé ferrugineis, thoracis lateribus rufescentibus. (Long. corp. 4—43 lin.) | Car. fuscus. Fabricius.—Cal. fuscus. Steph. Catal. p. 20. No. 159. Pitchy-black: head smooth, shining, with a fovea on each side between the antenne: thorax rather depressed, the disc pitchy-black, the entire margin ferruginous, a slight longitudinal dorsal channel, and an obsolete impression on each side at the base: elytra slightly convex, pitchy-black, obsoletely striated, the strie impunctate, with two impressed dots between the second and third from the suture, and a series of small dots on the margin: body beneath pitchy-red: legs and antenne pale ferruginous. Allied to the preceding and following, but distinguished from the latter by. being apterous, and from the former by its pale colour and the broad ferru- ginous margin of the thorax. Found on the sandy shores of North and South Wales, especially the former, whence I have seen scores of specimens, which were captured last season; and I formerly obtained a pair from L. W. Dillwyn, Esq., F.R.S., &c., who found them on the coast, near Swansea. B. With wings. Sp. 7. rufangulus. Prater VI. f. 4.—Migro-piceus, antennis pedibusque testacezs, thoracis marginibus angulisque posticis acutis rufis. (Long. corp. 4—5¢ lin.) Car. rufangulus. Marsham.—Cal. rufangulus. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 160. Head and thorax pitchy-black, very smooth, shining ; the latter with the margin and angles rufous, a slight dorsal channel, and an obsolete impunctate fovea on each side at the base elytra pitchy-black, striated, the strie impunctate, with two obsolete impressions in the third interstice from the suture, and a con tinuous series on the margin: body beneath pale pitchy-red: legs and antenne reddish-testaceous. Var. 6. Ferruginous, with the sides of the thorax, legs, and antenne, very pale testaceous. HARPALIDA.—-PLATYDERUS, 101 Readily distinguished from the preceding, with which it has hitherto been confounded, by its ample wings, and by which cha- racter it manifestly disagrees with the Fabrician description of C. fuseus; from the following it differs by having the posterior angles of the thorax acute, and by its superior size. Not uncommon in the lane leading into Darenth-wood, from the Dartford lane :— it appears local, but has been occasionally found in Norfolk and Suffolk. Sp. 8. mollis. Migro-piceus, antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis, tho acis laterthus rufis, angulis posticis obtusis. (Long. corp. 3—4 lin.) Car. mollis. Marsham.—Cal. mollis. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 161. Head smooth, glossy, pitchy-black, with an obsolete impression between the eyes: mouth, palpi, and antenne rufous: thorax slightly convex, the posterior angles obtuse, glossy, black, with the lateral margins, and sometimes the basal, ferruginous: elytra a little convex, pitchy-black, delicately striated, the strie impunctate, with two or more impressed dots on the third from the suture, and a continuous series on the margin: body beneath pitchy-black : legs reddish testaceous. Var. g. Pitchy-red ; with the antenne and legs testaceous. Distinguished from the last by its smaller size, and by the obtuseness of the posterior angles of the thorax. This insect, which is the C. littoralis of Dr. Leach’s MSS., is found not uncommonly on the southern and eastern coasts of Bri- tain, especially near Southend; I have taken it on the shores of the Thames, at Gravesend; and Marsham says, “found in gardens, Ealing.” Genus XX XIX.—PuiatypeERus * mihi. Palpi moderate, with the terminal joint ovate-cylindric, truncate, somewhat attenuated towards the tip: /abrum quadrate, emarginate anteriorly: man- dibles acute, slightly bent, denticulated at the base, with a tooth on the internal edge: mentum with a bifid lobe in the centre of its notch. Antenne filiform, with the terminal joint longest, clongate<ovate: the second shortest : head suborbicular : thorax anteriorly emarginate, somewhat quadrate, attenu- ated posteriorly, with the hinder angles rounded ; elytra depressed, entire: wings none: claws simple: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. The trophi of this and the five following genera are so extremely similar, that the species have, till recently, been considered as con- ® Taarvs, latus; Aen, collum. Mawnpipurata, Vot. I. lsr Aprit, 1828. O 102 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. stituting one genus only; but there are several striking external characters by which they may be advantageously separated. The present genus may be known from its allies by the broad subqua- drate depressed thorax, and flat body; and from Calathus by having. simple claws. Sp. 1. ruficollis. Piceo-ferrugineus, thorace glaherrimo posticé utringue striolé impressa. (Long. corp. 22—33 lin.) Ca. ruficollis. Marsham.—PI. ruficollis. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 162. Head very glossy, smooth, dusky-ferruginous, with a transverse impression between the antenne: thorax very glossy, bright ferruginous-red, with a deep longitudinal dorsal channel, and a strong impressed line on each side at the base: elytra dusky ferruginous, striated, the strie impunctate, with three impressed dots on the third from the suture, and an interrupted series on the margin: body beneath dusky-red: legs, palpi, and antenne ferruginous, Var. 6. Entirely ferruginous, with the legs paler. Var. y. Very pale testaceous: immature? Not uncommon in the neighbourhood of London, particularly in Richmond-park, where I have repeatedly taken it during the winter months, beneath moss at the roots of trees: it likewise occurs in Norfolk and Suffolk. Genus XL.—Arcuror, Megerle. Palpi with the ,rminal joint somewhat fusiform, truncate: labrum transverse, entire: mandzbles acute, with a tooth at the base internally: mentum with a bifid central lobe. Antenne filiform, the basal joint longest, second short ; third, fourth, and terminal of equal length, the rest gradually shorter from the fourth, and with the latter pubescent: head subtrigonal : thorax truncate- cordate, with the hinder angles acute: elytra slightly convex, obsoletely emarginate: wings two or none: claws simple: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. The species of this genus have been very much neglected in Britain, owing, I presume, to their apparent similarity ; but when submitted to the test of a rigid examination their differences are manifest: the genus has not hitherto been characterized; it may be readily known from the preceding by its subcordate-truncate thorax, and the more acuminated terminal joint of its palpi, which approaches towards that of Pogonus; but its depressed body and dusky colouring well distinguish it from that genus, exclusively of the habits of the species, which usually reside beneath mosses and stones in damp places, during the spring. HARPALIDA.—ARGUTOR. ~ 103 A. Elytra without an abbreviated stria at the base, near the scutellum. Sp. 1. inquinatus. Hlongatus, ater, antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis, thorace posticé impunctato utrinque striolaé impressa, elytris punctato-stiiatis. (Long. corp. 3} lin.) Ar. inquinatus. Megerle.—Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 163. Elongate, deep black; the antenne, palpi, and legs pitchy-red, the former palest : head and thorax glossy impunctate, the latter with a single impressed line at the base on each side, and a slight central channel: elytra striated, the strie obsoletely punctulated. I have a pair of this species, and have seen one other specimen, all of which were taken near London. Sp. 2. vernalis. Miger nitidus, antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis, thorace posticé punctulato, utrinque bistriato. (Long. corp. 24—3 lin.) Ca. vernalis. Falricius.—Ar. vernalis. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 164. Deep glossy black: antenne pitchy-red, brownish at the tip ; palpi the same, the terminal joint with a fuscous ring: head smooth: thorax with a deep punctulated fovea at the hinder angles on each side, in which are two longi- tudinal impressions, of which the interior is most distinct: elytra ovate, regu- larly striated, the strie obsoletely crenulated, with three minute impressions on the disc, and a series on the margin: body beneath shining pitchy-black : legs pitchy-red: the thighs usually obscure. Very abundant near London, inhabiting every gravel-pit and stony lane. Sp. 3. inequalis. Ater, antennis pedibusque rufis, thorace posticé utrinque striold unic& impressd, elytris nitidiusculis, punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 23 lin.) Ca. inequalis. Marsham.—Ar. inequalis. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 165. Deep glossy pitchy-black: antenne, palpi, and legs rufous: head smooth: thorax smooth anteriorly, subpunctate posteriorly, with a deep longitudinal impressed line on each side, towards the hinder angles, at the base: elytra shining, punc- tate-striated, the strie rather deep ; with three larger impressed dots between the second and third from the suture: body beneath pitchy-black, sometimes rufous. Not very common, and apparently a submaritime species, occur- ring on the shores of the Thames, near Gravesend, and more abun- dantly down the river. Sp. 4. Scalesii. Totus ferrugineus, nitidus, unicolor, elytris crenato-striatis. (Long. corp. 24—3 lin.) Ca. Scalesii. Marsham’s MSS.—Ar. Scalesii. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 166. This differs from the last in being entirely of a deep glossy ferruginous colour : the head and thorax are very shining, the former impunctate, the latter with 104 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. the base punctulate, and marked with a deep longitudinal impression on each side: the elytra are deeply striated, the strie crenulated. It varies in being rather dusky.—Marsham’s MSS. I strongly suspect that this apparent species is merely an imma- ture state of the last-described, as I have a variety of Ar. longicollis that agrees exactly with this in colour, but has its own peculiar — sculpture, while Ar. Scalesii has that of inaequalis: it occurs near London. Sp. 5. longicollis. Niger, nitidis, thorace subcordato-oblongo, posticé punctulato striolé unica utrinque impresso, elytris punctato-striatis, antennis pedibusque rufis. (Long. corp. 23—3 lin.) Ca. longicollis. Duftschmidt.—Ar. longicollis. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 167. Black, shining ; the thorax subcordate, elongate, anteriorly very smooth, glossy, posteriorly punctulated, with a longitudinal impression on each side towards the hinder angles: elytra ovate, striated, the strie crenulated, the interstices smooth, without any impressed dots on the third from the suture, the margin obsoletely punctated: body beneath pitchy-black: antenne, palpi, and legs rufous. Not a very common species; taken near London; and I have received it from the Rev. F. W. Hope, who finds it near Southend. B. Elytra with an abbreviated stria at the base, near the suture. Sp. 6. diligens. Niger, nitidus, antennis basi pedibusque rufo-piceis, thorace posticé impunctato, utrinque striolé unicé impressa. (Long. corp. 21—24 lin.) Pl. diligens. Stwrm.—Ar. diligens. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 168. Rather elongate: deep shining black: head and thorax impunctate, the latter with a deep longitudinal impression on each side at the base, near the hinder angles, and a strong dorsal channel: elytra rather ovate, punctate-striated, with three deep impressions on the disc: body beneath pitchy-black, legs rufous: antenne dusky, the basal joint rufous. Taken by myself near London, but I am not aware of its true locality. Sp. 7. interstinctus. Niger, nitidus, antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis, thorace subcordato, posticé punctulato, elytris punctis sparsis impressis. (Long. corp. 24—8 lin.) Pl. interstincta. Stwrm.—Ar. interstinctus. Steph. Catal. p. 21. No. 169. Glossy black: head smooth ; thorax subcordate anteriorly, but punctate pos- teriorly, with a longitudinal impression at the base on each side, and a dorsal channel: elytra oblong-ovate, deeply striated, the strie punctate, with several irregularly scattered impressed dots on the disc, and an interrupted series on the margin: body beneath pitchy-black : legs and antenne pitchy- red, the former with the tips of the joints dusky. HARPALIDA.—ARGUTOR. 105 This is also a London species; my specimens were taken in a gravel-pit near Hertford. Sp. 8. erythropus. Nigro-piceus nitidus, pedibus rufis, thorace posticé punce tulato, elytris striatis, striis punctulatis. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ca. erythropus. Marsham.—A. erythropus. Steph. Catal. p. 22. No. 170. Pitchy-black, head and thorax smooth, shining, the latter punctulate at the base, with a longitudinal stria: elytra deeply striated, the strie punctulated: body beneath piceous: legs rufous: antenne piceous or fuscous, with the base rufous. Very common near London, in marshy and gravelly places. Sp. 9. strenuus. Miger nitidus, antennis pedibusque rufo-ferrugineis, thorace posticé utrinque unistriato, subtus punctato. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ca. strenuus. Iiliger.—Ar. strenuus. Steph. Catal. p. 22. No. 171. Head glossy black, obsoletely wrinkled: mouth and palpi pitchy-red: thorax above slightly convex, shining black, obsoletely strigose, with a slight dorsal channel, and a simple longitudinal impression at the base; beneath thickly and rather deeply punctate: elytra glossy black, obsoletely punctate-striated, the marginal striz somewhat obliterated, the outer one with a slightly inter- rupted series of impressed dots: body beneath subpunctate, pitchy-black: legs rusty-red. Var. &. More or less ferruginous, with the head dusky ; probably immature. This appears to be rather a scarce species: it is taken occasionally near London, also in Norfolk and Suffolk. Sp. 10. pullus. Niger nitidus, antennis pedibusque ferrugineis, thorace posticé utringue unistriato, subtus impunctato. (Long. corp. 3—3} lin.) Ha. pullus. Gyllenhal.—Ar. pullus. Steph. Catal. p. 22. No. 172. Similar to the last, but differs in having the thorax impunctate beneath and smooth, and the strie on the elytra nearly simple: it is of a glossy’black, with the antenne ferruginous: the thorax with a single stria on each side at the base, with its under surface impunctate: the elytra are striated, the strie finely crenated on the sides, but impunctate: the legs are usually ferruginous, but sometimes the femora are pitchy. Var. 2. Ferruginous or chestnut colour, with the head dusky, and the under parts pale testaceous. Also found near London, and apparently uncommon; I have two specimens from Devonshire. Sp. 11. Anthracinus. Oblongus, niger nitidus, antennis pedibusque rufo=piceis, thorace posticé utrinque bistriato, elytris striatis, striis subcrenatis. (Long. corp. 34 lin.) Ha. Anthracinus. Gyllenhal.— Ar. Anthracinus. Steph. Catal. p.. 22. No. 173. Glossy black: head smooth, with a slight oblong foveola on each side between 106 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. the antenne : thorax acutely margined, a little convex, smooth, with a channel in the middle, and on each side at the base two impressed strie, of which the inner one is longest, and terminates in a thickly punctulate bilobed fovea: elytra pitchy-black, striated, the striae somewhat crenated, and a little punc- tate, with three larger dots on the disc, and a series of impressions on the second stria from the margin; the internal stria very short: body beneath glossy black, subpunctate, the tip reddish; the mouth, palpi, and legs pitchy- red: the antenne pitchy, with the base palest. Two specimens only of this species have, as yet, been under my examination ; they were taken near London, and are in my col- lection: it is totally distinct from the Ca. Anthracinus, Illiger, which belongs to the genus Omaseus, and will be hereafter de- scribed, it having been recently taken in England. Genus XLI.—Poconus, Ziegler. Palpi with the terminal joint somewhat ovate, truncate: the internal maaillary very slender: labrum transverse, emarginate: mandibles slightly curved, acute, internally denticulate at the base: mentum deeply emarginate ante- riorly, with a bifid central lobe. Antenne with the third joint longest: head subtrigonal: thorax subquadrate, truncate, the hinder angles acute: elytra depressed, entire: wings two: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. This is evidently a maritime genus (at least in Britain), the species of which it is composed residing beneath sea-weeds on the south and eastern shores of England. In the brilliancy of their colours they approach towards the insects of the genus Peecilus, but may readily be distinguished from them by their inferior size, by the form of the terminal joint of the palpi, of the mentum, and of the labrum. Sp. J. Burrellii. Viridi-wneus, elytris ochracets nebula dorsali fuscescente, ore antennis pedibusque pallidé ferrugineis. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Po. Burrellii. Curtis, i. pl. 47.—Steph. Catal. p. 22. No. 174. Smooth glossy: head and thorax bright coppery-green, the former with a deep longitudinal impression on each side between the eyes; the latter with a dorsal channel, and a triangular impression anteriorly, a fovea at the base on each side, and the base itself punctated: elytra pale ochraceous, with a brown- ish cloud on the back, striated, the strie punctate, the external one with a row: of obsolete impressions, and the third with three larger ones ; the strie green- ish: body beneath green, with the apex rufescent: antenne, legs, and palpi pale rust-coloured. Allied to, if not the same as, the Po. iridipennis of Nicolai. HARPALIDE.—POGONUS. 107 An elegant species, discovered by the late Rev. J. Burrell near Salthouse, on the Norfolk coast, which, so far as I am acquainted, is its only locality in Britain. Sp. 2. chalceus. Prare VI. f. 5.—Viridi aut cupreo-eneus, pedibus rufescen- tibus, antennis basi fuscis. (Long. corp. 23—34 lin.) Ca. chaleeus. Marsham.—Po. chalceus. Steph. Catal. p. 22. No. 175. Glossy neous: head smooth, with a deep stria on each side between the eyes: mandibles dusky-red: thorax slightly convex, the base punctated, with a fovea at the hinder angle on each side, and an impressed line: elytra coppery, varying much in colour, from tinges of green, brassy, black, and dusky to bluish ; punctate-striated, the lateral strie rather obsolete, the interstices flat, with three impressions on the third from the suture: body beneath black, tinged with eneous: palpi rufescent, with the terminal joints dusky: legs rufescent: antenne dusky or fuscous, with the tip reddish. Var. 6. With the antenne and legs ferruginous: the body narrower than usual. Var. y. Antenne rufescent: legs dusky. Var. 3. Very short and broad, of a blue-brass, with the margins of the elytra and legs bright ferruginous; probably distinct ; I formerly called it by the name of Po. brevis, in allusion to its abbreviated form. This insect varies greatly in form and colour, and were it not from the circum- stance of most of the specimens in my collection having been captured at the same time, beneath the same heaps of rejectamenta, I should be disposed to consider several of them as distinct species. Inhabits the eastern coasts of Britain, and found not uncommonly on the shores of the Thames and Medway; it also occurs in com- pany with the former species, and likewise on the coast of Gla- morganshire. Sp. 3. eruginosus. Pirate VI. f. 6.—Oblongus, viridi-eneus, antennarum apice pedibusque rufescentibus. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Po. eruginosus mihi.—Steph. Catal. p. 22. No. 177. Allied to the last, but considerably more oblong, and narrower, especially the thorax, with the head more porrect; it is of a bright brassy-green above: head smooth, with a slight impression on each side: mandibles dusky: antenne greenish-bronze at the base: thorax as in the last, but the base very thickly punctate: elytra deeply punctate-striated on the back, but obsoletely so at the apex and sides, the latter with a row of remote impressed dots; the tip of the elytra and the legs rufescent: the body beneath very smooth glossy brassy-black. This species (of which six specimens only have come under my inspection) was discovered about ten years since by a very active collector, Mr. D. Bydder, on the Hampshire coast, near Christ- church, and I am unacquainted with any other locality; bright 108 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. varieties of the preceding insect I have seen placed in collections for the present. Genus XLII.—Peacitus, Bonelli. Palpi, external maxillary with the second and terminal joints of equal length, the latter subcylindric truncate ; ¢nternal short, terminal joint obtuse; labial nearly filiform, the two last joints of equal length, the last truncate: labrum subquadrate, obsoletely notched: mandzbles slightly denticulated at the base: mentum emarginate, with a lobe in its centre, which is sometimes bifid and sometimes obtuse. Antenne with the third joint distinctly longest: head subovate: thorax nearly quadrate, truncate, the hinder angles acute: elytra rather convex, somewhat emarginate at the apex: wings rudimentary or ample: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. The Peecili vary much, not only in colour, being found of every tinge of green, blue, zeneous, and black, but also in form and seulp- ture; nay, even the very organs that are least liable to variation undergo a trifling change in this protean genus; the notch in the lobe of the anterior margin of the mentum being sometimes ob- solete. It is therefore with great hesitation that I venture to add some additional species to those already described; but, as it is said by a learned botanist (Sir J. E. Smith), that “ corrected judgment may, hereafter, combine what precise observation in the first in- stance has separated,” I shall proceed to detail them, leaving it to future observers to ascertain their validity. ‘The Poecili may be known from the Pogoni by their superior size, and the form of the terminal joint of the palpi, as well as that of the lobe of the mentum, which is never so deeply emarginated, and frequently entire. The species frequent open places, high-roads, and pathways, and may be seen during the spring and summer months basking and flying about in the sun; hence called swnshiners in many places. Sp. 1. lepidus. Pxrare VII. f. 1.—Apterus, oblongus, antennis toto pedibusque nigris, thorace posticé utrinque profundé bistriato. (Long. corp. 53—6% lin.) Ca. lepidus. Fabrictus.x—Pee. lepidus. Steph. Catal. p. 22. No. 178. Above generally bright green-brass, the head and thorax very smooth and glossy, the latter obsoletely wrinkled, with two narrow, deeply impressed, parallel fovez at the base on each side, the interior one largest: elytra shining brassy- green in the male, rather opaque in the female, striated, the abbreviated stria united to the next at its tip: between the second and third from the suture are three or four impressed dots, and a row on the margin: body beneath shining brassy-black, delicately punctulated: antenne, palpi, and legs black : tibie and tarsi with reddish cilia. elf. + takki eae bg ER ae Lae HARPALIDA.—PMCILUS. 109 + Var. 6. Curtis, iv. pl. 187.—Deep blue above, tinged with violet: thorax in- clining to green. Many other varieties are described, but the above are the only indigenous one _ that have come under my observation. Not a very common insect; found occasionally in May and June at Darenth and near Hertford, and in the immediate vicinity of London; it also occurs in Norfolk and Hants: several of variety ( were taken by Dr. Leach in Devonshire, and the Rev. L. Jenyns has one of a very deep hue that he captured near Ely. Sp. 2. dimidiatus. Capite levisstmo, pedibus nigris, antennarum articulis duobus basalibus infra rufis, thorace posticé utrinque profundé bistriato. (Long. corp. 54—6 lin.) Ca. dimidiatus. Fabricius. Don, xvi. pl. 565.—Pce. dimidiatus.— Steph. Catal. p» 23. No. 179. Head and thorax light copper, tinged with green ; the former with an impressed line on each side between the eyes; the latter with two deep longitudinally impressed fovee at the hinder angle on each side, the space between which is punctate: elytra bright green, striated, the strie deeply impressed and ob- soletely punctate; the interstices convex, with some impressed dots on the third from the suture, and an uninterrupted marginal series: body beneath, legs, and antenne black; the two basal joints of the latter, and the base of the third, fifth, and following, to the apex, rufous beneath. Some specimens are distinguished by the brilliancy of the coppery tints on the head and thorax ; others by having the upper surface entirely of a brilliant green, or of a jet black, with various gradations from the latter colour to blue and violet. Var. p. Bright green, with the thorax very rugose, oe wrinkled trans- versely, and the elytra granulated. Var. y. Poe. crenatostriatus mihi.—Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 180. Bright green: head and thorax smooth, the former with a deep transverse fovea on the fore- head, and a longitudinal one on each side between the eyes; the latter with two impressions on each side at the base: the elytra deeply striated, the strie very strongly crenated, with four deeply impressed dots on the third from the suture, and a series on the margin: body beneath and legs black: antenne, with the two basal joints, the fifth and following joints, rufous beneath. This differs from the other specimens which I possess by its uniform brilliant green colour above ; the deeply impressed and strongly crenulated striz on the elytra, and its elongate form; characters which in almost any other genus of Harpalide would constitute a distinct species. An insect of great beauty, found not uncommonly in the sand- pits on Hampstead-heath during the spring; it also occurs sparingly in several other places in Kent, Norfolk, &c. and is apparently local, like its congener Poe. lepidus; the supposed variety was taken near London. Mannpisuxata, Vou. I. lst May, 1828. P 110 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Sp. 3. cupreus. Capite, thoraceque infra punctulatis, antennarum articulis duobus basalibus toté rufis, pedibus nigris. (Long. corp. 5—6} lin.) Ca. cupreus. Linné.—Pce. cupreus. Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 181. Above various shades of green, black, eneous, or coppery, with all the inter- mediate hues: head thickly and minutely punctate throughout, with a fovea on each side between the antenne, and a smooth transverse impression : thorax nearly smooth, anteriorly convex, with a moderate dorsal channel, posteriorly minutely punctate, with two longitudinal punctate fovee at each angle, the inner longest: elytra slightly convex, regularly striated, the strie usually punctulated, with three or four impressed dots between the second and third from the suture, and an interrupted series on the second marginal stria: body beneath greenish metallic black ; thorax laterally impunctate, internally and breast thickly punctate: legs black: labrum, mouth, and palpi pitchy-black : antenne fuscous, with the two basal joints entirely rufous. Of all the Harpalide this species is probably the most abundant in Britain, occurring in every field, pathway, and road, during the spring and summer. Sp. 4. rufifemoratus. Capite, thoraceque infra punctulatis, femoribus rufis, tibirs tarsisque picets. (Long. corp. 6 lin.) Pee. rufifemoratus mihi.—Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 182. Above of various colours, like its congeners ; beneath black or brassy, with the breast and thorax green, and thickly punctate: the thighs rufous, the tibie and tarsi piceous; in other respects similar to Poe. cupreus, but resembling Pe. lepidus in lustre and texture. My reasons for separating this species are, that among many hundreds of Peecili which I have examined, and which were captured near London, not one of Pee. rufifemoratus has occurred ; whereas Mr. Haliday informs us, in the Zoo- logical Journal, that the latter is in plenty near Belfast in Ireland, and Gyl- lenhal notices it as a native of Finland alone. I have recently obtained one specimen from Scotland and two from the north of England; one of the latter is of a rich blue above. Sp. 5. versicolor. Capite, thoraceque infra levissimis, untennarum articulis duobus basalibus rufis supra lined elevataé nigra, elytris striatis, striis punc- tulatis. (Long. corp. 33—5} lin.) Pe. versicolor. Zieg/er.—Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 183. Above brilliantly glossy green, blue, violet, black, eneous, or copper, of every conceivable shade, frequently with splendid iridescent tints: head smooth, impunctate, with the usual fovea on each side between the eyes, and a slender transverse impression: thorax rather convex, with a slight dorsal line; the base impunctate, with two rugose impressions on each side towards the angles, the disc transversely wrinkled: elytra slightly convex, striated, the striz more or less punctate, the interstices smooth, the third from the suture with from two to six impressed dots, and the second from the margin with a continuous HARPALIDZ.—SOGINES. | lll row: body beneath smooth jet black, with the breast alone punctate: the thorax beneath sometimes bronzed-black or greenish: legs, labrum, mouth, and palpi black: antenne dusky, the two basal joints rufescent, with the carina dusky or black. , Upon a recent examination of upwards of five hundred specimens of this ex- tremely variable and splendid insect, both alive and dead, I am perfectly satisfied of its distinction from Pce. cupreus ; it is more depressed and oblong, usually much smaller; the head and the thorax beneath are impunctate, and the upper surface is peculiarly glossy and brilliant ; but exclusively of these obvious distinctions of form, size, sculpture, and lustre, all the varieties may be readily known from those of Poe. cupreus by the colour of the two basal joints of the antenne, which have invariably a dusky or black line above, whereas those of Poe. cupreus are usually immaculate, a fact of considerable importance in a genus so prone to vary ; yet it is said that this insect “is pro- bably nothing more than a small variety of Poe. cupreus,” although “ species ought to be distinguished by form, sculpture, and disposition of colour.” Common throughout Britain; I have received it abundantly from Scotland, the north of England, and Wales, have seen many spe- cimens from Ireland, and it is found in profusion in the metropolitan district. Sp. 6. punctatostriatus. Oblongus, capite levissimo, antennarum articulis duobus hasalibus rufis carina atra, tertio piceo-rufo, elytris profund?2 punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 43 lin.) Poe. punctatostriatus mzhi.—Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 184. Closely allied to the last, but more elongate, and the strie on the elytra deeply and strongly punctate: the head, and the thorax beneath impunctate ; the thorax itself is rather elongate, and strongly wrinkled transversely with a few longi- tudinal wrinkles at the base, which is obsoletely punctate, and has two fovee at the hinder angles on each side: the elytra are slightly convex, striated, the strie deeply and thickly punctate ; the interstices smooth, with about four im- pressed dots on the third from the suture, of which three are nearly at the tip, the other about the middle of the disc, the second from the margin with a series of dots, rather remote in the middle: body beneath black, the breast punctate : antenne with the two basal joints dull red, with the carina dusky, the third joint pitchy red, the remainder fuscous. Taken near London: it may eventually prove to be an extraor- dinary variety of Poe. versicolor. Genus XLIII.—Socines, Leach. Palpi robust, the terminal joint of the external maxillary obtusely truncated, and longer than the third, which is clavate: labrum very narrow, transverse, obsoletely emarginate: mandibles stout, rather obtuse, striated above. An- tenne compressed, the third and fourth joints longer than the rest, the former 112 MANDIBULATA.— COLEOPTERA. longest, all with an elevated line above: head large: thoraw with an elevated line on each side near the posterior angle: body depressed: elytra with the tip narrowed and emarginated: wings two, ample: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Sogines may be known from Peecilus by the more depressed form of its body, its narrow labrum, obtuse striated mandibles, and by the elevated carina at the hinder angle of the thorax: unlike the insects of the last genus, the only species belonging to this is not subject to variation of colour, at least such appears to be the fact from the descriptions of authors, and the specimens which I have examined. + Sp. 1. punctulatus. Ater, levis, elytris subtilitér punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 6 lin.) Ca. punctulatus. Jlliger.—So. punctulatus. Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 185. Deep dull black: head smooth, with an oblong fovea on each side between the eyes: thorax slightly emarginate anteriorly, the sides rounded, the base trun= cated, with obtuse angles, a little depressed above, smooth, with a very obsolete dorsal line, and near the elevated thoracic keel internally, a shallow, obsolete, scarcely punctate foveola: elytra rather depressed, slightly glossy, striated, the strie composed of very delicate minute dots, with the interstices entirely smooth, three remote larger impressions on the third from the suture, and a slightly interrupted series on the margin: body beneath and legs black: palpi piceous: antenne black at the base, with the tip fuscous. Of this species I have seen but one indigenous specimen, which is in the British Museum, and was captured by Dr. Leach, four years since, in Devonshire, during the spring. Genus XLIV.—Omaseus, Ziegler. Palpi resembling those of Pcecilus, but more robust: the external mazillary with the second joint longer than the terminal, the latter oval and truncate ; in- ternal as long as the maxille: Jabial with the two last joints elongate, the terminal slightly attenuated, truncate: /abrum transverse, slightly emarginate or entire: mandibles bent, acute, denticulated at the base, sometimes striated above: mentum large, with a bifid lobe in its anterior notch. Antenne cy- lindric, the third joint longest: head subovate: thorax with the lateral mar- gins more or less incrassated, the hinder angles sometimes acute, sometimes rounded : elytra entire, rather depressed: wings two or rudimentary : anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Omaseus was originally applied by Ziegler, as a generic name, to Ca. melanarius, of Illiger, but without characters ; subsequently other species were placed in the genus by the-continental writers, HARPALIDA.—OMASEUS. * 113 and amongst them Ca. aterrimus, Fab., was improperly introduced, and the characters of the genus have been drawn from that insect, which thus became the type: and were it not from a disinclination to multiply generic names, I should have separated the former species, as hinted in page 68; however, I shall merely divide the Omasei into sections, as it is evident that the first step towards the advancement of science is analysis, synthesis being useful only in combining those facts which are made known by analysis; for without the latter, it tends rather to promote and perpetuate error than to elicit truth. A. Thorax rounded behind, margins slightly incrassated ; mandibles not striated above: body convex. Sp. 1. aterrimus. Niger politus, elytris striatis, foveis tribus profundis disci impressis. (Long. corp. 7 lin.) Ca. aterrimus. Fabricius.—Om, aterrimus, Curtis, i. pl. 15.—Steph. Catal. p- 23. No. 186. Glossy black: head with a deep fovea on each side between the eyes: thorax broadly margined, slightly attenuated posteriorly ; the angles obtuse, disc above convex, very smooth glossy black, with a deep subpunctated rounded fovea on each side at the base, and a strong dorsal channel: elytra broader than the thorax, rather convex, striated, the strie punctated, with three very deep impressions on the disc; the posterior remote, and an interrupted series on the margin: body beneath, palpi, antenne, and legs black: tarsi with rufescent cilia. Found at Horning, in Norfolk; on the borders of Whittlesea- mere; and also near Cork, in Ireland, whence I received several specimens from Mr. Drummond. “ In 1826 abundantly in Bot- tisham-fen ; first in April, and then again in June, basking in the sun, on the soft mud, at the edge of the turf-pits."— Rev. L. Jenyns. B. Thorax with the hinder angles acute, margins incrassated ; mandibles striated : body depressed. a. With wings. Sp. 2. Bulwerii. Pirate VII. f.2.—Aineo-niger, elytris striatis, foveis quinque disci impressis. (Long. corp. 4—5 lin.) Om. Bulwerii mzhi.—Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 187. Above of a deep glossy bronzed black: head very smooth, impunctate, with a deep impression on each side near the base of the antenne: thorax sub- cordate, obsoletely wrinkled transversely, the base sparingly punctate, with a deep rugose fovea at each angle, having a longitudinal impression: elytra striated, the strie punctate, with five fovee irregularly placed between the second and third strie from the suture, the first rather remote ; near the apex of the elytra, towards the margin, is another fovea; and on the margin itself 114 wa NDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. is an interrupted series of impressions: the body beneath smooth, impunctate, and, with the legs, antenne, and palpi, deep bronzed black. I have dedicated this new and elegant species to the Rev. J. Bulwer, F. L. S., &c., from whom I first received specimens, which were captured near Dublin. Sp. 3. Orinomum. After, nitidus, elytris striatis, foveis plurimis disct im- pressis. (Long. corp. 4—53 lin.) Ha. orinomum. Leach, MSS.—Om. orinomum. Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 188. Deep shining black: head smooth, impunctate, with the usual frontal impres- sions: thorax subcordate, obsoletely wrinkled transversely, with a deep fovea at the basal angles: elytra rather deeply striated, with several impressed dots on the disc on the second and third interstice from the suture on each side: body beneath and legs black. Resembles Om. Bulwerii; but is destitute of the metallic gloss, and is usually somewhat larger. Var. 6. Prats VII. f. 3.—With the legs pitchy black, and the fovee on the disc of the elytra rather obsolete. Taken in plenty, in 1809, by Dr. Leach, at the base of Ben Lomond, in Scotland; and sparingly, during last summer, in West- moreland, Cumberland, and Yorkshire. Sp. 4. Anthracinus. Niger, nitidus, thorace longiore, posteritis angustiore, foved magna posticd punctatd, striolé impressd notaté, elytris striatis, striis sub- punctatis, antennis pedibusque piceis. (Long. corp. 4g—5 lin.) Ca. Anthracinus. Jlliger—Om. Anthracinus. Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 189. Similar to the following, but more glossy, and the thorax of a different form, &c. Shining black: head as in Om. Nigrita: thorax rather elongate, the margins anteriorly rounded, posteriorly narrowed, with the hinder angle a little pro- minent ; the base on each side with a large, thickly punctate fovea, having a deep longitudinal line in the middle: elytra rather depressed, striated, the strie rather deeply punctate, with three discoidal impressions, and a marginal series: antenne and legs pitchy-black. Two indigenous specimens only of this insect have yet come under my inspection; they were taken in Cumberland during last July, and are in my collection. Sp. 5. Nigrita. Miger, nitidus, thorace breviore, lateribus equaliter rotundato, posticé parum angustiore, elytris striatis, striis sublevibus, antennis pedi- busque nigris. (Long. corp. 4—53 lin.) Ca. Nigrita. Fabricius.x—Om. Nigrita. Steph. Catal. p. 23. No. 190. Uniform glossy black: head smooth, impunctate : thorax transverse, moderately convex, the sides equally rounded, slightly narrowed posteriorly, the base on each side with a deep bilobed thickly punctate fovea, having an obsolete lon- HARPALIDA.—OMASEUS. M5 gitudinal stria: elytra slightly convex, striated, the strie obsoletely punctate, with three discoidal impressions, and a series on the margin: legs and antenne black. Var. 6. With the striz of the elytra confluent. I have here noticed this variety, from Panzer having figured it, for the purpose of remarking that similar variations frequently occur amongst the Harpalide, and, consequently, that they are not characteristic of specific differences. Very common beneath stones and moss, throughout Britain. Sp. 6. levigatus. Niger, thorace subcordato, elytris striatis, antennis palpis pedi~ busque piceo-ferrugineis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Om. levigatus. Steph. Catal. p. 24. No. 191. Very glossy black: head very smooth, impunctate, with an impression on each side of the forehead: thorax very glossy, smooth, subcordate, impunctate behind, with two longitudinal strie, the inner longest: elytra rather deeply striated, the strie obsoletely punctate, with three impressed dots on the disc, and a marginal series: body beneath black: antenne, legs, and palpi pitchy rust-colour. This appears to be the Ca. levicollis of Duftschmid’s Fauna ; but as the specific character alone is in Latin (the rest of the description being in German), it is difficult to determine, amongst such closely approximating species, which is the one intended ; in size it agrees: it resembles an Argutor, but may be known from the species of that genus by the elongation of the strie near the scutellum. Few specimens only have occurred; they were captured near London. t Sp. 7. rufifemoratus. Ater, nitidus, femorihus rufis. (Long. corp. ? lin.) Om. rufifemoratus mihi.—Steph. Catal. p. 24. No. 192. Very like Om. Nigrita, but with the thighs rufous. I regret being unable to say more of this insect, which is said, by Mr. Haliday, in the Zoological Journal, No. 11, to occur not uncommonly confined to one spot in the neighbourhood of Belfast, in Ireland: it may, probably, be synonymous with some of the continental species with rufous femora. b. With rudiments of wings only. Sp. 8. melanarius. Niger, thorace utringue bistriato elytris profundé equaliter striatis, striis punctatis. (Long. corp. 63—93 lin.) Ca. melanarius. Iliger.—Steph. Catal. p. 24. No. 193. Glossy black: head with an irregular impressed line between the eyes on each side: thorax obsoletely wrinkled transversely, the base impunctate, with a deep rugose fovea at each angle, having two longitudinal strie, of which the inner is longest: elytra deeply striated, the strie punctate, with three 116 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. minute impressions on the disc, and an interrupted series on the margin: body beneath, legs, antenne, and palpi glossy black: tarsi pitchy. . Var. 6. Om. rugicollis. Steph. Catal. p. 24. No.194. With the thorax very strongly wrinkled transversely. Var. y. With the thorax not wrinkled transversely. Very common at the roots of trees, beneath stones, &c., throughout Britain. Sp. 9. affinis. Ater, nitidus, thorace glaberrimo, elytris subrugosis, inequalitér striatis, striis per paria approximatis. (Long. corp. 7 lin.) Ca. affinis. Marsham, MSS.—Om. affinis. Steph. Catal. p. 24. No. 195. Allied to the last; but known by its smooth glossy thorax, which is rounded at the sides, with two deep strie at each of the hinder angles placed in a rugged fovea: elytra rather glossy, striated; the strie placed in pairs and interrupted, with three minute impressions on the disc, and an interrupted series on the margin: the suture transversely wrinkled: body beneath glossy black, impunctate. From the collection of Mr. Marsham; but I am not acquainted with its locality. Genus XLV.—Sreropus, Megerle. Palpi nearly as in Omaseus ; the terminal joint of the external mazillary ovate and rather shorter than the second; internal slender: labial with the two last joints of equal length, the terminal clavate, truncate: labrum quadrate, somewhat emarginate anteriorly: mandibles rather obtuse, striated above, denticulated at the base internally: mentum transverse, with a bifid lobe in the centre of its anterior notch. Antenne compressed: head porrect: thorax suborbicular: elytra ovate: wings none: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Steropus is chiefly to be discriminated from Omaseus by the form of its thorax and elytra, the former being more orbicular, and the latter more ovate and convex: the labrum is nearly quadrate, and the mentum very deeply notched. Sp. 1. madidus. After, nitidus, thorace posticé utrinque impresso, elytris striatis, strid secundé a margine punctis subcontiguis impressé. (Long. corp. 6—81 lin.) Ca. madidus. Fabricius.—St. madidus. Steph. Catal. p. 24. No. 196. Deep, rather brassy-black: head smooth, with two frontal impressions: thorax rather convex, with a deep dorsal line a little dilated posteriorly, and on each angle a deep rugose fovea with a longitudinal stria: elytra slightly striated, the strie impunctate, the second from the margin with a nearly contiguous series of impressions: body beneath and legs glossy black. HARPALIDE.—BROSCUS: 117 Var... With the femora and tibie rufous. This is the true Ca. madidus of Fabricius, which he captured near Richmond, during one of his visits to Eng= land. But Paykul, Sturm, and other continental writers, refer very different insects to the Fabrician species, each differing from the other. Var. « is the “Molops concinnus of Sturm ; and I have a large specimen (taken in Cumber- ‘Tand) which agrees with Duftschmidt’s Ca. arrogans. There is a singular variety in the British Museum, having the elytra fromsyenrely wrinkled throughout ; the Ha. crenulatus of Dr. Leach. Common throughout the country. Sp. 2. ethiops. <Aterrimus subopacus, thorace posticée utrinque foveolato, elytris profundé striatis ; strid secundé a margine punctis remotis notata.—(Long. corp. 54—6 lin.) . Ca. ethiops. Panzer.—St. ethiops. Sveph. Catal. p. 24. No. 197.—St. con cinnus. Curtis, iv. pl. 171. Deep jet black: head impunctate, with two impressions on the forehead : thorax cordate, orbicular, a little sinuated posteriorly, with a deep longitudinal channel in the centre, obsoletely wrinkled transversely, with a round punctate fovea on each side: elytra deeply striated, the strie impunctate, with two or three minute impressions between the second and third from the suture, and a series of remote dots on the margin: body beneath impunctate: legs and antenne black ; the tips of the latter fuscous, and those of the palpi, and sometimes of the mandibles, pitchy-red or ferruginous. Unquestionably the Ca. ethiops of Panzer; and as decidedly not the Molops concinnus of Sturm, nor of any other writer, whose admirable figure not only correctly represents St. madidus, but whose description manifestly disagrees with the present species, exclusively of the important difference in size; Sturm’s insect being seven German lines in length, equal to about eight English ; whereas St. ethiops (and I have examined upwards of 30 speci- mens) never exceeds six lines. Found in the mountainous districts of the north of England and of Scotland; apparently not uncommon in the former. I have a memorandum of its having been captured near Godstone, by W. S. MacLeay, Esq., some years since. Genus XLVI.—Bnroscus, Panzer. Palpi; external maxillary with the last joint cylindric, truncate, much shorter than the second ; the third still shorter, narrow at the base, incrassated at the tip: labial with the third joint elongate clavate, the terminal obconic trun- cate: labrum transverse, entire: mandibles striated, with a tooth in the middle of their internal edge: mentum rounded at the sides, deeply notched, with a simple obtuse lobe in the centre of the notch. Antenne with the four basal joints naked, the third much larger than the fourth, and abruptly clavate : head broad, suborbicular: thorax subcordate, much narrowed behind: elytra oblong: wings two: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. Manpisuara, Vor. I. lsr May, 1828. Q 118 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Broscus may be known from the other Harpalide, by the form of its thorax, which is very much attenuated posteriorly, depressed at the angles, and apparently remote from the elytra: the body is elongate, the mentum deeply notched, the emargination bearing an obtuse lobe in its centre, the four basal joints of the antenne are naked, and the head is large, whence the genus has been termed Cephalotes by Bonelli; but that name having been employed many years previously for a genus of bats, cannot be here retained: its location is not satisfactory. Sp. 1. cephalotes. Elongatus, niger, capite parc’ punctato, elytris subtilissime punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 8—113 lin.) Br. cephalotes. Linné.—Don, xiv. pl. 484. Br.cephalotes. Steph. Catal. p. 24. No. 198. Black, slightly glossy : head sparingly punctate: thorax very convex, obsoletely wrinkled transversely, with a dorsal channel ; the base rather rugged, without angles, and rather distant from the elytra, which are somewhat opaque, with the shoulders rounded, convex above, very delicately punctato-striated, with the interstices flat and smooth, and eight or nine remote impressed dots on the margin: the body beneath and legs black: the antenne with the seven last joints fuscous: the palpi piceous, with the tips of the joints pale rusty- piceous. Common beneath marine rejectamenta, especially on the coasts of Sussex, Suffolk, Norfolk, Yorkshire, Northumberland, Devon- shire, and Glamorganshire. Abundant also near Southend. Genus XLVII.—Sromis, Cluirville. Pulpi rather elongate; external mavillary with the last joint as long again as the third, ovate-truncate ; the second very slender, znternal attenuated ; labial with the third joint elongate clavate, the terminal ovate-truncate: labrum transverse, emarginate anteriorly: mandibles acute, elongate, not denticulate internally; the right one with a notch on its inner edge near the centre: mentum transverse, not very deeply notched anteriorly, with a simple lobe. Antenne with the three basal joints naked, the third and fourth of equal length: head subovate: thorax elongate-cordate: elytra ovate: wings none: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. Distinguished by its slender form, its acute elongate mandibles, emarginated labrum, slightly notched, transverse, simple-lobed, mentum, and short ovate-truncate terminal joints to the palpi. Sp. 1. pumicatus. Piceo-niger, antennis, palpis, pedibusque piceo-rufis, elytris punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 3—3} lin.) St. pumicatus. Clairville.—Steph. Catal. p. 24. No. 199. HAR PALIDA.—PATROBUS. 119 Deep pitchy-black : head smooth, impunctate: thorax obovate, alittle depressed behind, with a slight dorsal line, and an oblong impressed smooth fovea on each side near the hinder angle: elytra striated, the strie punctate; the margin with a series of impressions at the base, and another closely approxi- mating towards the tip: body beneath pitchy: legs, antenne, and palpi rufous: mandibles ferruginous. Near London, Southend, &c.: in the spring tolerably frequent. — Occasionally near Bottisham, under felled timber.”—Rev. L. Jenyns. Genus XLVIII.—Patrosus, Megerle. Palpi rather slender; external mavillary with the basal joint small, second longest, third and fourth of equal length, the latter fusiform, the two pre- ceding clavate: /abial rather more slender, the basal joint, or scape, very long, second minute, the following about half the length of the terminal, which is fusiform: labrum transverse, straight anteriorly: mandibles denticulated at the base only: mentum slightly emarginate, with a notched central lobe. Antenne with the two basal joints only naked, the third joint very long ; head subtrigonate, attenuated posteriorly: thorax subquadrate, narrowed behind, the posterior angles acute, with an elevated carina: elytra oblong, obsoletely emarginate at the tip: wings two or rudimentary: anterior tarsi of males with two dilated joints. Patrobus differs from the two preceding genera by having the mentum slightly emarginated, with its notch furnishea with a bifid lobe; and from the following by the straight anterior edge of the labrum: the males are farther distinguished from those of the above genera by having the two anterior joints of the tarsus alone dilated. x Sp. 1. rufipes. Apterus, nigro-piceus, subtus dilutior, pedibus rufis, thorace postic? foveolato, elytris punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 33—43 lin.) Ca. rufipes. Fabricius.—Pa. rufipes. Steph, Catal. p. 25. No. 200. Deep pitchy-black: head obsoletely wrinkled, with a deep impression between the eyes on each side, and a transverse punctate one behind the eye: thorax longer than broad, anteriorly punctured, the hinder angles elevated, acute ; rather convex, shining, obsoletely wrinkled, with a deep dorsal line, and at the base, a large round deep punctate fovea near each angle: elytra striated, the strie punctate and rather obsolete at the tip and on the sides ; the second from the margin deep, and bearing a series of remote impressions ; and the disc with several impressed dots on the second interstice from the suture: thorax beneath thickly punctate: legs rufous. Var. 6. With the body entirely of a rusty-red, the head and thorax darker: sometimes pale ochraceous, both probably immature. Apparently a littoral insect, chiefly occurring on the coasts of 120 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Essex, Norfolk, Yorkshire, and Northumberland, and near Edin- burgh; though it occasionally frequents the shores of the Thames near Battersea and Plaistow Marshes, and has once been taken in a damp situation in moss at Highgate-wood. ‘ Found plentifully under stones, on the banks of the river near Battersea, in June, 1827, near dead: animals; but not one specimen beneath the latter”—Mr. Ingpen—who justly remarks, that they probably lurk there for the purpose of preying upon the smaller Staphylinide, &c., attracted by the carcasses. | ¢ Sp. 2. alpinus. Alatus, castaneus, capite thoraceque castaneo-nigris, thorace transverso. (Long. corp. 43 lin.) Pa. alpinus. Curtis, iv. pl. 192.—Steph. Catal. p. 25. No. 202. “ Smooth, shining, castaneous: head and thorax black, with a chesnut tinge, the latter with the anterior margin punctured; a channel down the middle, deepest at the base, and a large, deep, punctured fovea on each side at the base, extending to the posterior angles: elytra with nine rather faint and imperfectly punctured strie on each, the sutural one abbreviated ; between the third and fourth are three equidistant impressed dots: female longer, paler: wings ample.” This species has only been found in Scotland, and I believe but sparingly: it is the Ha. septentrionalis of Schonher, MSS., a name that might advantageously be substituted for alpinus, as there are already many Harpalideous insects bearing the latter specific name. Genus XLIX.—PreErosticuus, Bonelli. Palpi somewhat resembling those of Omaseus; eternal maaillary with the basal joint short, curved, the second stout, the third and fourth of nearly equal length, the latter elongate-ovate, truncate: dabia/ rather stout, the basal joint robust, the second short, the third rather shorter than the terminal, which is slightly attenuated towards the apex, and truncate: labrum qua- drate, slightly emarginate: mandibles crenated at the base, obsoletely striated above: mentum deeply emarginate, the emargination with a bifid lobe. An- tenne compressed, with the second and fourth joints shortest, the terminal rather acute: head oblong-ovate: thorax subcordate, truncate: body much depressed: wings two, or none: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. The depressed body of the Pterostichi distinguishes them from the preceding genera; from Platysma they are known by the com- parative stoutness of the palpi, and from Abax by the subcordate thorax. Most of the species, in common with many other Harpa- lide, have two deep sulciform impressions on the forehead. HARPALIDE.—PTEROSTICHUS. 121 Dr. Leach has been remarkably successful in capturing the species of this genus, four of which were added to our Fauna by his exertions during the year 1825; of these the only two appa- rently described were recorded in my list of Harpalide, published in November last, in which I inserted jive species, including the two described by Marsham in 1802. t Sp. 1. fasciato-punctatus. Apterus, ater, nitidus, elytris striatis, interstitiis punctis plurimis transversalitér impressis. (Long. corp. 8 lin.) Ca. fasciato-punctatus. Creutzer.—Pt. fasciato-punctatus. Steph. Catal. p. 25. IVo. 202. Deep glossy black : head smooth, with two sulci between the eyes: thorax rather convex, shining, with a deeply impressed dorsal line, and a fovea near each angle at the base: elytra slightly convex, deeply striated, the strie impunctate, with three or four irregularly disposed transverse rows of impressed dots, more or less united into fascie, the margin densely punctated: legs rather long, pitchy-black: tarsi pitchy. One specimen found by Dr. Leach in Devonshire. + Sp. 2. brunnipes. MWiger, nitidus, thorace posticé utrinque bistriato, elytris striatis, disco punctis tribus impressis; pedibus piceo-brunneis. (Long. corp. 74—8 lin.) Pt. brunnipes. Samouelle MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 25. No. 203. Shining black: head large, impunctate: thorax with a deep dorsal channel, ob- soletely wrinkled transversely and longitudinally at the base: near the hinder angle on each side is a deep smooth impressed line, and a smaller one at the angle: elytra striated, the strie impunctate, with three impressions on the third from the suture, and a slightly interrupted series on the margin: thorax very obsoletely punctate beneath: legs and antenne pitchy-brown: palpi pitchy-red: mandibles obtuse, rufescent. This appears to be the Pt. parumpunctatus of De Jean, seeoniine to Germar’s description—“ thorace cordato, posticé utrinque impresso, levi, ater, nitidus, elytris striatis: stria marginali punctaté, disco tripunctatis ;’—but as it is impossible for me to ascertain with sufficient accuracy the identity of spe- cimens amongst approximating species, which are deposited in the British Museum, I speak with hesitation on this point, and have adopted the name applied to the insect by Mr. Samouelle. Three specimens taken by Dr. Leach beneath stones in Devon- shire: one near Stonehouse in a marsh, ancther between Crabtree and Ridgway, the third between Bickleigh and Shawbridge near the river. + Sp. 3. elongatus. Elongatus, ater, nitidus, thorace postice utrinque impresso, elytris striatis, punctis quinque impressis. (Long. corp. 74 lin.) Pt. elongatus. Samou. MSS.—Curtis, v. pl. 196.—Steph. Catal: p. 25. No. 204. 2 - MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Elongate: shining black: head impunctate: thorax much attenuated behind, with a channel down the centre, and a deep impunctate stria near the posterior angles: elytra striated, the strie impunctate; with four deeply impressed dots on the second from the suture on each side towards the tip, and one on the third towards the base; the marginal strie with a continuous series of impressions: claws and tip of palpi ferruginous: antenne fuscous at the tip. Once taken in Devonshire by Dr. Leach. 7 Sp. 4. Panzeri? Niger, nitidus, thorace postice utrinque sub-bistriato, elytris striatis, punctis impressis plurimis ornatis. (Long. corp. 7 lin.) Ca. Panzeri. Megerle?—Pt. Panzeri? Steph. Catal. p. 25. No. 205. Deep glossy black: head smooth: thorax with a rather abbreviated dorsal line, a deep longitudinal stria near the hinder angle, and an obsolete shallow one at the angle itself, the intermediate space a little rugose: elytra rather deeply and irregularly striated, the strie impunctate, with several irregularly scat- tered impressions on the disc, and a subinterrupted marginal series: thorax beneath and breast punctate: legs, antenne, and pa!pi pitchy-black, the latter with a ferruginous tip. Whether this be the Ca. Panzeri of Megerle, or an extraordinary variety of Ca. Selmanni of Duftschmidt, I am unable to decide, for the reason previously stated ; but I do not think it belongs to the latter, as it appears to be at va- riance with the specific character by being of a deep black, and by having the impressions on the elytra disposed differently from the representation in Sturm ; neither am I certain that it is referable to the former, as that insect is said to have but one series of impressed dots on the elytra; it however seems to agree with Panzer’s figure. *‘ Beneath a stone near the river Plym, in Devonshire, one spe- cimen in June.”— Dr. Leach. Sp. 5. oblongopunctatus. Alatus*, nigro-wneus, glaber, tibiis tarsisque rufes- centibus, elytris levitér striatis, foveolis plurimis impressis. (Long. corp. 53 lin.) Ca. oblongopunctatus. Fabricius.—Pt. oblongopunctatus. Steph. Catal. p. 25. No. 206. Shining bronze: head smooth: thorax a little convex, smooth bronzed black, with a channel down the centre, and a simple impressed line on each side near the hinder angles, which are acute: elytra rather broad, slightly convex, shining neous, rather obsoletely striated, strie impunctate, with several im- pressions between the second and third stria from the suture, and a series of subconfluent dots on the margin: body beneath smooth shining brass: thighs stout, black: tibie, tarsi, and palpi rufescent: antenne black. * See remarks on winged and apterous Adephaga, under the genus Clivina, in the Appendix. HARPALIDA:.— PTEROSTICHUS. 123 ** Occasionally taken near Bagley-wood, Oxfordshire.”—Rev. F. W. Hope. ‘ Near Windsor; and in a salt marsh near the Lary.” —Dr. Leach. Sp. 6. octopunctatus. Prare VII. f. 4.—Alatus, nigro-eneus, nitidus, tibiis tarsisque rufescentibus, elytris striatis punctis quatuor impressis. (Long. corp. 54 lin.) Ca. octopunctatus. Marsham.—Pt. octopunctatus. Steph. Catal. p. 25. No. 207. Deep greenish bronze, shining: head porrect, with two rather obsolete impres- sions on the nasus: thorax rather narrow, somewhat convex, the dorsal channel not very deep, with a slightly punctate fovea at each posterior angle: elytra geneous, rather convex, broader than the thorax, simply striated, with about four rather deep impressions on each elytron between the second and third stria, and an interrupted marginal series, the margin itself reddish: legs dusky black: tibie, tarsi, and palpi reddish. Probably a strong variety of the preceding, differing in being rather more slender, and in having fewer impressions on the disc of the elytra, but decidedly not the Pt. parumpunctatus of De Jean, of which the characters are noticed in page 121, from Germar, who has given a full description of that insect in his “Nova Species Insectorum,” &c., vol. i. p. 19, and tells us that it inhabits France and Western Germany ; neither is it the Ca. octopunctatus of Fabricius, which according to him is a native of America; I have, however, retained the name, as the Fabrician insect is apparently referable to another genus. I have seen but three specimens of this species: one in the col- lection at the British Museum, a second in that of Mr. Vigors, and the third in my own; with their localities I am unacquainted. Sp. 7. macer. Prats VII. f. 5.—Alatus, nigro-piceus, nitidus, thorace posticé utrinque unistriato, elytris striatis, pedibus rufis. (Long. corp. 54—63 lin.) Ca. macer. Marshum.—Pt. macer. Steph. Catal. p. 25. No. 208. Deep glossy pitchy-black or ferruginous: head smooth, with a rugose impression on each side of the forehead: thorax much narrowed behind, with a strong dorsal line, and a deep oblong impression at the base near the posterior angles, which are a little punctate: elytra flat, simply striated, with three remote im- pressions on the disc between the second and third strie, and a few on the margin, approximating at the base: thorax punctate beneath: legs and palpi rufous: antenne dusky at the tip. Var. &. Larger and of a deeper colour: the thorax rugose. This and the two preceding insects differ from the other Pterostichi by having the terminal joint of the external maxillary palpi rather shorter than the third, and by possessing ample wings; by these characters approaching to the genus Platysma. Copenhagen-fields ; abundant in Hackney-marshes, and near Southend; under the bark and roots of trees, beneath stones, &c., 124 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. chiefly during the spring. “A single specimen taken near Ely.” —Rev. L. Jenyns. Common on the banks of the Tees, in York- shire.”—L. Rudd, Esq. Genus L.—Puatysma, Bonelli. Palpi nearly as in Pterostichus ; external mazillars ‘y with the basal joint minute, _the second long, stout, a little bent, third about as long as the second, clavate, fourth subfusiform-truncate, shorter than the third: Jabial rather slender, the third joint clavate, longer than the terminal, which is attenuated at the base: labrum quadrate, entire: mandibles deeply striated above, simple: mentum deeply notched, with a bifid lobe. Antenne compressed, the fourth joint not shorter than the following, the terminal acute: head moderate, porrect, ob- long-ovate: thorax obcordate, truncate: body depressed: elytra obovate, si- nuated at the tip: wings ample: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. . Platysma is so closely related to Pterostichus that Sturm has placed the only species in that genus, without any remark ; it may, however, be known by the comparative slenderness and the pro- portions of the joints of the palpi, and by the superior length of the fourth jeint of the antenne. Sp. 1. niger. Niger, nitidus, thorace postice utrinque histriato, elytris profunde striatis, striis obsoleté crenatis. (ong. corp. 9—11 lin.) Ca. niger. Fubricius.—Pl. niger. Steph. Catal. p. 25. No. 209. Deep shining black: head obsoletely punctate, rugose near the eyes, with two frontal sulci: thorax obsoletely wrinkled transversely, with a deep’ channel down the centre, and two very deep impressions on each side at the base, the inner longest: elytra rather dull, very deeply striated, the strie obscurely crenate, an impression on the third from the suture towards the base, two on the second, and a series on the margin: tips of palpi and claws ferruginous. Not very uncommon beneath dead leaves in the spring at Coombe- wood; also found in other places near the metropolis. “ Parley- heath, Hants.”—J. C. Dale, Esq. Gunus LI.—Apax, Bonelli. Palpi robust: external mazillary with the two last joints of equal length, the last oval truncate, the preceding clavate: /abial with the third joint clavate, the terminal truncate, attenuated at the base: labrum transverse, deeply emar- ginated: mandibles very acute, striated above, internally denticulated at the base: mentum deeply notched, the centre of the notch with a bifid lobe. An- tenne setaceous, the fourth and fifth joints of equal length: head suboval : thorax quadrate, sessile: elytra united, with a longitudinal carina at the shoulders: body much depressed, broad: wings none: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. HARPALIDE.—QODES. 125 Abax is readily distinguished from the other Harpalide by its broad depressed body and thorax, by the elevated carina at the shoulders of the elytra, and by the perfect union of the latter. Sp. 1. Striola. Niger, thorace utrinque strigis duahus impressis, elytris sub- sulcatis. (Long. corp. 8—10 lin.) Ca. Striola. Fabricius.—Ab. Striola. Steph. Catal. p. 26. No. 210. Black, shining: head obsoletely wrinkled, with an impression on each side near the eyes, between which and thie latter are several elevated lines: thorax trans- versely wrinkled, with a deep dorsal channel, and near the hinder angles on each side two deep elongate impressions: elytra oblong ovate, deeply striated, the strie impunctate; no discoidal impressions, but a series on the margin rather profound: body beneath very glossy black: claws and palpi ferru- ginous. Female with the elytra rather obscure, the strie more obsolete, and the interstices flat. Not uncommon near London, particularly on Epping-forest. ft Sp. 2. metallicus. Niger, thorace lineolis baseos utrinque impressis, thorace elytrisque eneis. (Long. corp. 6 lin.) Ca. metallicus. Fabricius—Ab. metallicus. Steph. Catal. p. 26. No. 211. Black: head smooth: palpi ferruginous: thorax eneous, shining, with a dorsal channel, and two impressed lines at the base: elytra slightly striated, the striz punctate, with two discoidal impressions, «neous or coppery, shining: legs pitchy-black. This species ill associates with the former ; Sturm places it with the Pterostichi. I have seen but one indigenous specimen of this insect, which is in the collection of J. H. Grieshach, Esq. and is said to have been taken in Cambridgeshire. Genus LII.—O6pes, Bonelli. Palpi elongate, slender: external mazillary with the two last joints of equal length, the terminal cylindric-truncate, the preceding clavate: labial the same: labrum transverse, obsoletely notched: mandibles acute, not denti- culated: mentum transverse, moderately emarginated, the emargination with a simple lobe. Antenne with the three basal joints naked: head ovate: thorax as broad as the elytra, convex: body broad, rather convex: wings two: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Oédes is known from the preceding genus, and from Amara (which it greatly resembles in form), by the simple lobe in the centre of the notch of the mentum. Sp. 1. Helopioides. Niger, thorace levi foveis nullis, elytris tenue punctato- striatis. (Long. corp. 44 lin.) Ca. Helopioides. Fabricius.—O%. Helopioides. Steph, Catal. p. 26. No. 212. > ManpisuLata, Vot. I, Isr JUNE, 1828. R 126 MANDIBULATA.—-COLEOPTERA. Black: head smooth, impunctate: thorax anteriorly narrow, posteriorly as broad as the elytra, a little shining, smooth, obsoletely channelled in the middle, and destitute of foyer: elytra oval, slightly glossy, striated, the strie obsoletely punctate, with two minute impressions between the second and third from the suture, and a series on the margin: body beneath thickly punctate on the sides: legs black: tarsi piceous. Not very common, sometimes taken in Battersea-fields and Hackney-marshes ; also near Whittlesea Mere, during the spring. “In plenty at Abbots’ Ann, Hants, and Amesbury, Wilts.”—Reo. G. 7. Rudd. Genus LII].—-Amara, Bonelli. Pulpi, external maxiilary, and labial with the two last joints equal, the terminal oval, truncate, the third clavate: labrum quadrate, slightly emarginate: man- dibles short, denticulated at the base: mentum emarginate, the emargination with a bifid lobe. Antenne linear, the three first and base of the fourth joints naked, the latter not much shorter than the third: head ovate: thorax broad, anteriorly narrowed, posteriorly as broad as the elytra, the hinder angles straight: body depressed: elytra slightly emarginate at the tip, second stria abbreviated: wings ample: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Of all the genera of Adephagous insects none is perhaps more difficult to be understood than this, the species being so extremely similar in their general aspect, and all being subject to considerable: variety in cclour*. ‘They may be distinguished by their short, de- pressed, broad body, to which the base of the thorax is closely ap- plied throughout its width, which equals that of the elytra; com- bined with the bifid lobe in the notch of the mentum, and the ovate terminal joint of the labial and external maxillary palpi. They ne Being necessarily compelled to proceed in one undeviating course, by de- scribing each group in accordance with its apparent affinity (whether cireum- stances have permitted me thoroughly to investigate it, or not), 1 donot presume to assert that all the indigenous species will be described, or that their location and nomenclature will invariably be correct, in every genus; nevertheless, by rigidly describing the contents of my own cabinet, aided by the inspection of the principal metropolitan collections, and some trifling personal experience, few insects of any importance are likely to escape notice, though, in such difficult genera as the present, doubtless some may lurk in obscurity without the pos- sibility of detection ; yet should such be discovered sufficiently early, an account thereof will appear in the appendix to the volume in which the genus is de- scribed, and thus each volume will be rendered as perfect as the naiure of the subject admits, to the time of publication. HARPALIDE.—AMARA. 7 usually occur beneath stones and mosses, and like the Peecili, which some of the species resemble, may be frequently observed basking in the sun on a hot day. Sp. 1. erata. Prare VII. f.6.—Nigra, supra enea aut nigricans, antennarum hasi rufescente atro-nebulosé, thorace utrinque foveolis duabus levibus. (Long. corp. 43—6 lin.) ‘ Am. erata. Kirly MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 26. No. 213. The largest species of the genus, and probably not sufficiently distinct from Ca. acuminatus of Paykul, with which it agrees in almost every respect: head smooth, impunctate: thorax short, slightly convex, smooth, with an abbre- viated dorsal channel, a little depressed transversely towards the base, with a deep smooth fovea on each side, midway between the channel and margin, and a very shallow one near each angle: elytra striated, the strie impunctate, with the interstices rather elevated, especially in the female, and a continuous series of impressions on the margin: body beneath impunctate: palpi and legs black : claws reddish: antenne dusky, with the three basal joints rufescent, slightly tinged with dusky at the tips. ; | The colour of the upper surface varies much, being found of various hues of geneous, coppery, black, and bluish, with greenish elytra. Not uncommon in meadows near Hertford in the autumn; and sometimes found near Lendon. “In Reche chalkpits, Cambridge- shire.”—Rev. L. Jenyns. “ Barham, Suffolk..— Rev. W. Kirby. “‘ Arbroath, in Scotland.”—Mr. Ingpen. ‘* Ashdown copse, Wilts.” —Rev. G. T. Rudd.: Sp. 2. eurynota? - Nigro-enea, antennarum articulis tribus basalibus totis basique quarti rufis, thorace utrinque foveolis binis subpunctatis, pedibus sep: rufis. (Long. corp. 4—65 lin.) Ca. eurynotus. Jiliger?—Am. eurynota. Steph. Catal. p. 26. No. 215. Deep brassy-black: head as in the last: thorax with a slight dorsal channel, and on each side at the base, with two subpunctate impressions, of which the - inner one is largest, and somewhat remote from the base; the outer minute and near the angles: elytra rather convex, slightly striated, the strie im- punctate, the margin with a continuous series of impressions: legs generally rufous, sometimes pitchy-brown: palpi pitchy: three basal joints of the an- . tenne and base of the fourth rufous, the rest dusky ; colour usually enecous above, but it varies. Sometimes taken near Londen, and Southend. “I once met with an immature brood near Bottisham in September.”— Rev. L. Jenyns. Sp. 3. lata. Migro-anea, antennarum articulis tribus basalibus totis basigue quarti rufis, thorace utrinque foveolis hinis lzvibus. (Long. corp. 4—65 lin.) Am. lata. Sturm?—Steph. Catal. Appendia. 128 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Deep brassy-black: head impunctate, with a very obsolete impression on each side between the eyes: thorax slightly convex, smooth, shining, with a mo- derate dorsal channel; and at the base on each side with two impunctate foveole, of which the inner is remote from the base, narrow and deeply im- - pressed, the outer being near the angles, small, and sometimes nearly obsolete : . elytra slightly convex, rather glossy, delicately striated, with a continuous series of impressions on the margin: body beneath impunctate: legs black, with rufous cilie and claws: antennz with the three basal joints and base of _ the fourth entirely rufous, the rest black ; colour of the upper surface various, generally virescent. Usually considered as the Ca. acuminatus of Paykul, but I presume his insect is synonymous with Am. erata. Taken near London, at Southend, and near Bottisham in Cam- bridgeshire. “‘ Kimpton, near Andover.”—Rev. G. T. Rudd. Sp. 4. similata. Migra, supra fusco-@nea, antennarum basi rufescente thorace foveolis obsoletis subpunctatis, tibiis ferrugineis. (Long. corp. 34—4+ lin.) Ha. similatus. Gyllenhal.—Am. similata. Steph. Catal. p. 26. No. 216. More oblong than the preceding: deep brownish-brass, or greenish: head impunctate: thorax smooth, with two obsolete, slightly punctate fovere at the base on each side, the inner deepest: elytra slightly convex, rather deli- cately striated, the strie thickly punctulate at the bottom; the interstices somewhat coriaceous, with a few impressions on the margin, a little distant towards the apex: body beneath black: femora glossy-black, tibie and tarsi dull rust-colour: antennee with the three basal joints rufous. Frequent near London. “ Bottisham.” Rev. L. Jenyns.— ‘ Kimpton.” ev. G. T. Rudd. Sp. 5. vulgaris. Oblongo-ovata nigra, supra virescenti-enea, thorace foveolis duabus sublevibus utrinque, antennis pedibusque nigris. (Long. corp. 4—44 lin.) Ca. vulgaris. Linné.—Mart. Col. pl. 37?—Am. vulgaris. Steph. Catal. p. 26. No. 217%. Considerably less than the Jast: above bright coppery, or greenish-brass: head with an obsolete foveola on cach side between the eyes: thorax more convex than in Am. similata, very obsoletely wrinkled, with two deep, scarecly punc- tate, simple foveole on cach side of the base, the intcrior oblong and deepest, the outer oblique and rather obsolete: elytra a little convex, slightly striated, the strie obsoletely punctulate, with an interrupted series of impressions on the margin: legs black, with ferruginous cilia and claws: antenne black, with the basal joint more or less pitchy. Tolerably frequent. near London, Bottisham, Kimpton, South- end, &e. HARPALIDA.— AMARA, 129 Sp. 6. ovata. Brevis nigra, antennis, palpis, pedibusque piceo-ferrugineis, thorace posticé utrinque striolé unicé obliqué impress. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Ca. ovatus. Fabricius?—Steph. Catal. p. 26. No. 218. Broader and more ovate than the last ; with the antenne, palpi, and legs entirely pitchy-rust colour: above brassy: head impunctate: thorax rather convex, with a deep dorsal channel ; the base impunctate, with an oblique impressed line on each side: elytra green-bronze, slightly convex, striated, the strie impunctate, the margin with a continuous series of impressions: body beneath pitchy-ferruginous. I have seen one specimen only, which was taken near London. Sp. 7. trivialis. Migra, supra viridi-enea, antennarum basi tibiisque testaceis, thorace foveolé utrinque unicd. (Long. corp. 34—4 lin.) Ca. trivialis. Duftschmid.—Am. trivialis. Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 219. Oblong, above greenish-brass, or bluish-black: head smooth, glossy: thorax - slightly convex, obsoletely wrinkled transversely, with a delicate line down the centre; and an abbreviated obsolete transverse impression, terminating on each side in a deep impunctate fovea: elytra rather convex, striated, the strie obsoletely punctulated, with a subinterrupted series of impressions on the margin: body beneath pitchy-black ; legs pitchy, with the tibie testa- ceous: antenne testaceous at the base. Varies much in colour above; some specimens are of a deep blue or greenish-black, with the margin of the elytra of a rich metallic blue. More oblong than the preceding insects, and distinguished from the first five by having one impression alone on each side of the thorax, and from the last by its form and colours. I am not certain of its being the Ca. trivialis of Duftschmid, Sturm’s figure representing a larger insect than this as the Ca. trivialis of that author. Very common. throughout Britain. Sp. 8. nitida. Migra, nitida, supra virescenti-enea, antennarum basi, palpis, tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis, thorace posticée striolé unicé margine attingente utrinque. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Am. nitida. Sturm ?—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 220. Oblong, above brilliant glossy green: head impunctate: thorax rather convex : impunctate, with a slender dorsal channel, and an impressed line on each side at the base, reaching to the base itself: elytra somewhat depressed, delicately striated, the strie rather obsoletely punctulate, with an interrupted series of impressions on the margin: body beneath bronzed-black ; thighs the same ; tibie and tarsi ferrugincous: palpi and three basal joints of the antenne the same. Near London, and in Norfolk: not very common. 130 MANDIBULATA.——COLEOPTERA. Sp. 9. levis. Nigra, nitida, levissima, antennarum basi pedibusque ferrugineis, thorace posticé utrinque foveolis duabus punctatis. (Long corp. 3} lin.) — Am. levis. Sturm.—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 221. Broad, depressed: bright, shining, brassy-green above: thorax with a slender dorsal line, an obsolete transverse impression, and two fovee at the base on each side, both punctulated, the outer one very obsolete: elytra slightly striated, the strie punctulate, with a few indistinct impressions on the margin at the base, and a somewhat distant series towards the apex: legs entirely ferruginous: antenne and palpi with the basal joints testaceous: body beneath pitchy-black. Found near London. “ In Dorsetshire.”—J. C. Dale, Esq. Sp. 10. Cursor. Nigra, antennarum articulis quatuor basalibus pedibusque tes- taceo-ferrugineis, thorace impunctato, postice utrinque striolé unict, elytris punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Am. Cursor. Sturm ?—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 222. Above shining bronzed-green: thorax rather convex, with a slight dorsal line, the base with a short impressed obsolete line on each side near the margin, the rest of the surface impunctate: elytra of a pitchy tinge, rather strongly punctato-striated, the external stria with an interrupted series of impressed dots: body beneath pitchy-black: legs, four basal joints of the antenne, and the base of the palpi, ferrugineous. Known from the last by having one obsolete impression on the thorax, and from Am. nitida, by having the legs entirely ferruginous. Common in the metropolitan district. “‘ Rare near Bottisham.” Rev. L. Jenyns. Sp. 11. bifrons. Supra negro-enea, subtis rufo-picea, antennis pedibusque pal- lidis, thorace utrinque bis foveolato, elytris punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ha. bifrons. Gyllenhal.—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 223. Oblong black-brass above; head smooth, shining: thorax nearly transverse, very slightly attenuated anteriorly, the angles rather obtuse, the disc convex in front, with a faint dorsal channel, behind transversely depressed, and thickly punctate, with two fover, the inner larger and deepest, the outer small, oblique ; the lateral margin and the hinder angles ferruginous: elytra slightly convex, shining, dusky-brass, the lateral margin ferruginous, faintly striated, the strie punctulate, the margin with an interrupted series of im- pressions: body beneath smooth, pitchy-red, with the apex and legs pale testaceous: labrum and mouth ferruginous; mandibles black at the tip: palpi and antenne pale testaceous. ‘Two specimens only of this species have come bencath my ob- HARPALID.©Z.—AMARA. lat servation; they were taken near Hertford, and are very dissimilar to any others of the genus. Sp. 12. brunnea. Supra brunnea, subtis ferrugineo-picea, antennis pedibusque pallidis, thorace amplo, utrinque bis foveolato, elytris punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 3—34 lin.) ~ Ha. brunneus. Gyllenhal—Am. brunnea.—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 224. Above brassy-brown, or chesnut; head smooth, shining, chesnut: mandibles rufescent, with the tip black: thorax large, broad, the sides rounded, the angles obtuse: above slightly convex, smooth, shining brown or chesnut, the lateral margins paler, with a faint dorsal channel and two small ‘punctate foveole on each side at the base: elytra ovate, rather convex, somewhat tinted with «neous, striated, the strie punctate ; with an interrupted series of impressions on the margin: body beneath subpunctate, rufous, or pitchy- black, with the apex palest: legs, antenne, and palpi pale testaceous. Taken near London in the autumn. * Bottisham.”-—Rev. L. Jenyns. Sp. 13. discrepans. Afra, nitida, antennis pedihusque rufescentibus, elytris obso= letiusculé striatis, striis planiusculis subcrenatis. (Long. corp. 3—3% lin.) Ca. discrepans. Marsham MSS.—Am. discrepans. Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 225. Dusky, shining: head smooth: thorax glossy, with an obsolete dorsal line, and two abbreviated punctate lines near the hinder angle on each side: elytra slightly striated, the strie rather crenate, the interstices flat, shining: body beneath dusky: antenne and legs reddish. Similar to Am. brunnea, but differs in the form of the thorax and its fovee. Not common. One specimen has been captured near London; and I obtained three from the Marshamian collection. Sp. 14. crassa. Brevis, lata piceo-brunnea, subnitida, subtis dilutior, antennis, palpis, pedibusque piceo-testaceis, thorace posticé punctato, foveolis duabus punctatis utringue. (Long. corp. 4 lin.) Am. crassa mihi. Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 226. Very distinct from all the foregoing: above entirely of a pitchy-brown, with an obscure metallic tinge in the elytra: head very smooth: thorax convex, obso- letely wrinkled transversely, the base punctate, with two strongly punctate deep fovez on each side ; the margin anteriorly a little dilated, posteriorly somewhat attenuated: elytra punctate-striated, the interstices smooth, and the margin with an interrupted series of impressed dots: body beneath, legs, antenne, palpi, and labrum pale testaceous-red. Taken near London; one specimen only has occurred. Sp. 15. convexior. Sub-convexa, atro-cerulea nitida, thorace posticé ad angulos 132 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. obsoleté punctatis, antennis piceis, dilutioribus, bast rufa, tibiis piceo-ferrugi~ neis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Am. convexior. Walkin MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 227. Rather convex ; deep blue-black above: thorax smooth anteriorly, with a very slender dorsal channel, the base with an obsolete transverse impression, and towards the angles a little punctulate, with two indistinct fovee, approxi- mating to each other and to the margins: elytra delicately striated, the striz impunctated, with a continuous series of impressed dots on the margin: body beneath and thighs deep pitchy-black ; tibie and tarsi ferruginous: antenne pitchy, with the three basal joints rufous. Greatly allied to the following species. Found near London and Hertford. ‘ Near Norwich.”—JMr. J. E. Giles. Sp. 16. plebeia. Nigra, supra viridi-enea, antennarum basi tibiisque testaceis, thorace inequalis utrinque foveis duabus punctatis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Ha. plebeius. Gyllenhal—Am. plebeia. Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 228. Similar to Am. communis, but the form of the thorax, and the impressions different: above greenish-brass or blackish: thorax anteriorly convex, with the lateral and posterior margins depressed, and near the base on each side two rather deep thickly punctate impressed fover: the elytra a little convex, faintly striated, the strie obsoletely punctate, with a subinterrupted series of impressions on the margin: thighs pitchy-black, or rufous: tibie, and three basal joints of the antenne pale testaceous. Not very common near London. Sp. 17. obtusa, Nigra, supra viridi-nitens, thorace anticé dilatato, postice suh- attenuato, foveis duabus punctatis utrinque, antennarum bast, tibiis tarsisque piceosferrugineis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Am. obtusa mzhi.—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 229. Very short, convex: thorax dilated and convex anteriorly, with a very delicate line down the centre, a little depressed towards the base ; near each posterior angle are two rather deep punctate fover, the space between also punctate, and glossed with bright green: the elytra with punctate strie, the external one with an interrupted series of impressions: the body and thighs beneath deep black: the tibie and four basal joints of the antenne testaceous-red. ‘Taken near London. Sp. 18. latescens. Lata, atra, nitida, thorace posticé obsoletissime punctulato, lateribus rotundatis; pedibus piceis, tibiis tarsisque pallidioribus. (Long. corp. 3} lin.) Am. latescens mzhi.—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 231. Distinguished by its superior width, and by the rotundity of the sides of the thorax: above deep black: thorax slightly convex, its sides gradually and HARPALIDE.—AMARA. 133 equally rounded ; the base obsoletely wrinkled longitudinally at the extremity of the dorsal channel, and very obsoletely punctate towards each angle, but without any impression: elytra simply striated, with a continuous series of impressed dots on the margin: legs pitchy, with the tibie and tarsi some- what ferruginous ; the anterior tibie with the apex dusky. Found near London. Sp. 19. laticollis. Aineo-picea, supra @nea, thorace latissimo, levissimo, im- punctato, antennis pedibusque piceis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Am. laticollis mihi. Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 232. Readily discriminated by the breadth of the thorax, which is totally impunctate throughout, having no other impression on its surface than the usual dorsal channel, and that somewhat obsolete: the upper part of the body is of a bright glossy brass, slightly tinted with copper, sometimes entirely black above: the elytra are rather faintly striated, the strie impunctate with an interrupted series of rather distant impressed dots on the margin. I have seen two specimens only of this species, both of which were captured near London: one is in Mr. Hatchett’s collection; the other in my own. Sp- 20. communis. Ovalis, nigra, supra virescenti-enea, antennarum basi tibtisque ferrugineis, thorace lato, posticé vir foveolato. (Long. corp. 3—3% lin.) Ca. communis. Fubricius—Am. communis. Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 233. Allied to the few preceding species, but comparatively shorter and wider: above generally greenish-brass or coppery: head glossy, smooth: thorax broad, closely applied to the elytra, smooth, shining, a little convex, with a faint dorsal channel, the base very obsoletely punctulate towards the angles, which have mere rudimentary foveole: elytra short, broad, a little convex, faintly striated, the strie scarcely punctulate; an interrupted series of impressions on the margin: body beneath bronzed-black, smooth, the sides obscurely punctulated : thighs glossy-black, tibie pale ferruginous, tarsi dusky : antenne with the three basal joints rufous, the rest dusky: mouth and palpi black. Var. & Am. cognata. Steph. Catal. p. 27. No.230.—Rather larger, with the thorax very obsoletely punctate at the hinder angles, and the foveole obliterated. Extremely common beneath stones, and in gravel-pits, throughout the metropolitan district: also at Bottisham, Kimpton, &c. Sp. 21. familiaris. Brevis, ovalis, nigra, supra nigro-cerulescens, antennarum hast pedibusque totis rufo ferrugineis, thorace posticé obsoleté foveolato. (Long. corp. 3—3+ lin.) Am? familiaris. Creutzer.—Steph. Catal. p. 27. No. 234. Shining black, above generally rich brassy-green, coppery, or deep cerulescent: head as in the last: thorax impunctate, with an obsoletely punctate impres- Manopiputara, Vou. I. lst June, 1828. s 134 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. sion on each side at the base, on the hinder margin itself, and a slight dorsal channel: elytra as in Am. communis, but with a continuous series of im- pressions on the margin: body beneath, and palpi, pitchy-eneous-black : legs and base of the antenne rufous. Very similar to Am. communis, but discriminated by having the legs entirely ferruginous, and by the thorax ; but I conceive it may, nevertheless, prove to be a mere variety of that insect, and that the two following species are not sufficiently distinct, either from this or from each other, the dissimilarity of size being the principal characteristic. Common beneath stones, and in gravel-pits, near London. “ Kimp- ton.”—Rev. G. T. Rudd. “ Leith-hill.”"—Mr. Waterhouse. Sp. 22. lucida. Nigra, supra piceo-cerulescens, antennarum basi pedibusque totis rufo-ferrugineis, thorace posticé obsolete foveolato, margine lateral: obscure fer- rugineo. (Long. corp. 2} lin.) Ca. lucidus. Duftschmid.—Am. lucida. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 235. Closely allied to Am. familiaris, but only half the size, pitchy-black ; above bluish ; head smooth, black: thorax smooth, slightly glossy: impunctate, with a very obsolete smooth fovea on each side at the base; the lateral margins obscurely ferruginous, and the basal margin a little tinted with the same hue: elytra pitchy-blue, with the margin dull ferruginous; striated, the strie rather faint, the outer one with a few impressed dots at the base, and several closely united at the tip, forming an interrupted series: legs and antenne entirely ferruginous-red. Apparently rather scarce: I have seen few specimens only, which were chiefly taken near London. Sp. 23. erythropa. Migra, supra cerulescens, antennis pedibusque rufo-ferrugi- neis, thorace postice leve utrinque obsolete bifoveolato, margine laterali nigro. (Long. corp. 24—8 lin.) Ca. erythropus. Marsham MSS.—Am. erythropa. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 236. Also greatly allied to the two preceding: deep eneous-black: above various shades of blue, green, black, or violet, glossy: head smooth: thorax mode- rately convex, with a very obsolete dorsal channel, impunctate behind, with two obsolete smooth impressions on each side towards the angles, the lateral margins black: elytra delicately striated, the strie impunctate, the marginal one with an interrupted series of deep impressions: legs and antenne rusty- red: the tips of the latter, and the palpi rather dusky. Taken on Hampstead-heath, at Hertford, &c. not very uncom- monly. Sp. 24. atra. Altra, subnitida, subconvexa, pedibus elongatis, femoribus eneo-= nigris, tibiis tarsisque piceo-rufis, thorace posticé utrinque bifoveolato.’ (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Am. atra miht.—Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 237. HARPALID/.—AMARA. 135 Deep black, slightly glossy, very convex: head smooth: thorax rather broad, with a slight dorsal channel, and two subpunctate fovee on each side at the base near the hinder angles; the inner rather deepest: elytra very faintly striated, the external stria with an interrupted series of impressions; the reflected margin of the elytra and the sides of the thorax beneath eneous, the body black: legs elongate, the femora eneous, the tibie and tarsi pitchy-red ; ‘the antenne stout, fuscous, with the three basal joints testaceous. Remarkably convex, and of a deep rather obscure black, which characters, and its slender somewhat elongated legs, well distinguish it from its congeners: it somewhat resembles a Helops. One specimen only found near London. Sp. 25. tibialis. Nigra, supra cerulescens aut e@nea, antennaram hast tibiisque rufo-testaceis, thorace utrinque bis foveolato, elytris punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 2—2+ lin.) Ca. tibialis. Paykul.—Am. tibialis. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 238. Oblong, small, brassy-black: head glossy smooth: thorax transverse, nearly quadrangular, slightly convex, glossy, smooth, with a faint dorsal channel, and at the base on each side with two small impressions: elytra rather convex, faintly striated, the strie distinctly punctate, the usual abbreviated stria near the scutellum obliterated, on the margin is an interrupted series of impres- sions: the thighs are black or piceous ; the tibie and tarsi more or less rufo- testaceous, the three basal joints of the antenne the same. The colour of the upper surface varies greatly, being of various shades of blue, violet, eneous, coppery, or black. This and the following species are distinguished from the other Amare by the usual abbreviated stria near the scutellum being obliterated, or by having it simply indicated (in some cases) by a few remote punctures. Not very common; occurring but sparingly near London, and its vicinity. ‘On the banks of the Tees.”—L. Rudd, Lsq. “ Bot- tisham.”—Rev. L. Jenyns. “ Sand-pit, Riverhead, Kent.”—jMr. Ingpen. Sp.26. infima. Nigra, nitida, antennis pedibusque rufescentibus, thorace breviore lateribus rotundato, foveolis baseos punctatis. (Long. corp. 2—2% lin.) Ca. infimus. Duftschmid—Am. infima. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 239. Similar to the last, but differs in the punctation of the thorax, and in form: glossy black: head smooth: thorax short, with its lateral margins rounded, the disc transversely convex ; on each side at the base are two punctate fover, the inner oblong and deepest ; the lateral margin, and sometimes the hinder, tinged with ferruginous: elytraasin Am. tibialis: body beneath black, glossy, the breast sparingly punctate ; the legs stout, rusty-red, the thighs occasionally dusky: antenne dull ferruginous, the three basal joints pale testaceous. Apparently scarce; taken near London, and in Norfolk. 136 MANDIBULATA.— COLEOPTERA. Genus LIV.—Brapyrus* mihi. Palpi moderate ; ewternal maaillary with the third joint clavate, shorter than the last, which is oval-truncate ; /adial with the terminal joint fusiform: labrum quadrate, emarginate: mandibles short, denticulated at the base: mentum slightly notched, the notch with a simple lobe. Antenne with the three first joints naked, the third joint much larger than the fourth: head broad, rounded ; thorax transverse, the sides dilated anteriorly, a little narrowed behind, the base straight, with slightly prominent angles: body convex: elytra slightly emarginate at the tip: wings ample: anterior tarsi of males with three dilated joints. Bradytus + differs from Amara, with which it has hitherto been associated, by having the lobe in the notch of the mentum entire, as in Harpalus, the body convex, and the thorax transverse and subcordate. ‘The species are less agile than the other Harpalide, and affect sandy and open situations. Sturm, in his beautiful Deutschlands Fauna, has given the dissections of Br. consularis as the type of the genus Amara, which shows the great absurdity of selecting any species but the type in illustration of a genus; as, instead of exhibiting the structure of the genus intended, that of another may be represented; and thus confusion is created, where elucidation is attempted. Sp- 1. consularis. Niger, nitidus, subtis piceus, thorace striolis utrinque duabus impressis, elytris crenato-striatis. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Ca. consularis. Duftschmid.—Br. consularis. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 240. Pitchy-black, sometimes slightly neous: head smooth: thorax above convex, smooth glossy black, with an abbreviated dorsal channel, and two impressed, more or less punctate, fovee at the base, the outer one terminated by a slight ridge or fold, extending obliquely to the angle: elytra glossy brassy-black, punctate-striated, with an interrupted series of impressions on the margin; the reflected margins testaceous: body beneath rufous-pitchy, the breast punctate: legs deep pitchy-ferruginous: antenne and palpi pale rufo-fer- ruginous. Var. 6.? Broader, the thorax posteriorly with a small oblique smooth impres- sion on each side of the base of the dorsal channel, in addition to the usual fover. - Beadurns, tarditas. + This genus is included in the division B of my synoptic table of the Har- palide, instead of C; it consequently should be removed to the latter, and may be distinguished externally from Zabrus by the character thorax trans- versus, postice angustatus. HARPALID/.—BRADYTUS. 137 Occasionally taken near London. ‘ In Copenhagen-fields in April.”—Mr. Ingpen. 3, which is probably a distinct species, at Winterbourne Stoke, Wilts, in March.”—Rev. G. T. Rudd. Sp. 2. apricarius. Rufo-piceus, supra fusco-eneus, thorace posticé punctulato, utrinque bifoveolato foveolis punctatis, elytris crenato-striatis. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Ca. apricarius. Fabricius.—Br. apricarius. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 241. Pitchy-red: above brassy-brown: head smooth, with a transverse impression on the forehead: thorax anteriorly convex, posteriorly depressed, and a little attenuated, the margin with two punctate foveole on each side at the base near the angles, the base usually punctulated transversely : elytra very strongly crenato-striated, with an interrupted series of impressions on the margin: body beneath pitchy-red, the breast and base of the abdomen punctate: legs and palpi pale testaceous: antenne ferruginous. Colour various, sometimes pale pitchy-red above and paler beneath ; probably the result of immaturity. Common near London. ‘ Banks of the Tees abundantly.”— L. Rudd, Esq. “ Norwich.”—WMr. J. B. Giles. “In profusion in Wilts and Hants.”-— Rev. G. 7. Rudd. Sp. 3. fulvus. Ferrugineus, thorace posticé utrinque bifoveolato, elytris auri- chalceo micantibus, tenue punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 3;—4 lin.) Ca. fulvus. De Jean?—Br. fulvus. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 242. Similar to the last, but broader and of a different colour: body ferruginous, palest beneath: head smooth, with an impressed transverse line: thorax acutely margined, slightly convex, with a moderate dorsal channel, posteriorly with two fovee, having each an impressed striola and a few dots; the hinder angles with an oblique elevated line: elytra slightly eneous or purplish, faintly crenato-striated, with an interrupted series of impressions on the mar- gin: legs, palpi, and antenne pale testaceous: breast punctulated. I am of opinion that this insect will eventually prove a small variety only of the following, but have described it as different for the reasons stated in p. 10. Taken at Ripley, Charlton, Hertford, &c. and in Devonshire. Sp. 4. ferrugineus. Latus ferrugineus, thorace posticé utrinque bi-impresso, elytris eneo micantibus, punctato-striatis. (Long. corp. 4—5 lin.) Ca. ferrugineus. Linné ?—Br. ferrugineus. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 243. Too closely allied to the last, chiefly differing in its greater size and comparatively superior width: colour as in the last, but deeper, head the same: thorax ob- soletely wrinkled transversely, with a strong dorsal channel; the base on each side with two slightly punctate fovee of nearly equal size: elytra a little glossed with neous, and rather strongly punctate-striated, the external strie with an interrupted series of impressions: body beneath, legs, palpi, and an- tenne as in Br. fulvus. 138 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Occasionally taken in the sandy heaths near Ripley, and not un- commonly on the sand-hills near Swansea; also in Norfolk and Devonshire. Grnus LV.—Curtonorus* mihi. Palpi; external maxillary with the third joint clavate, rather longer than the last, which is fusiform truncate ; labial with the third joint much longer than the terminal, subclavate, the terminal subcylindric, truncate: labrum quadrate, rounded, deeply emarginate anteriorly: mandibles short, obtuse, denticulated at the base: mazille obtuse: mentum moderately emarginate, the emar- gination with a bifid lobe. Antenne short, the three first joints naked, the fourth abruptly clavate, rather shorter than the third: head rather broad: thorax subtransverse, much dilated at the sides, attenuated posteriorly: body elongate, very convex: elytra emarginate at the tip: wings ample: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints: ¢ibie much expanded at the tip, very spinose, the second pair internally tuberculated in the males. Curtonotus does not differ from the two preceding genera in mere outline only, its characters being otherwise sufficiently evi- dent; from Bradytus it is at once discriminated by the bifia lobe in the notch of the mentum, and from Amara by the form and pro- portion of the terminal joints of the palpi, exclusively of the spinose and tubercled intermediate tibie of the males, the subcylindric convex body, and other distinguishing marks. In habit they ap- proach towards the Zabri, being frequently observed upon plants and shrubs; unlike the Harpalidz in general. Sp. 1. convexiusculus. Prats VIII. f. 1.—Elongatus, piceo-niger, supra. enco= micans, thorace postice depresso punctato utrinque bifoveolato. (Long. corp. 5—5é lin.) Ca. convexiusculus. Marsham.—Ca. convexiusculus. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No, 244. Elongate, deep pitchy-black, above usually glossed with eneous: head smooth, with two moderate impressions on the forehead, united by a transverse line: thorax with the lateral margin much dilated anteriorly, and attenuated pos- teriorly, the hinder angles acute; the disc convex in front, transversely de- pressed at the base, the depression distinctly punctate, and terminating on either side in two deep ruggedly punctate fover, the outer deepest, and bor- dered externally with an elevated carina: elytra striated, the strie punctate anteriorly, the sutural stria united to the usual abbreviated one at the base, which in this and the following insect is considerably elongated; the margin with three or four impressions at the base, and several rather remote at the * Kueros, convexus 3 Nwros, dorsum. LAVA. HARPALIDE.—ZABRUS. 139 tip: body beneath pitchy, the base of the abdomen ruggedly punctate: an- tenne, legs, and palpi rufous. Occasionally found in hedges at Darenth-wood. “ Frequent near Southend.”—Rev. F. W. Hope. ‘Very abundant on the shores of the Tees.” —L. Rudd, Esq. Sp. 2. aulicus. Brevior, nigro-piceus, subtus dilutior, thorace posticé depresso punctato, utrinque bistriato. (Long. corp. 5—64 lin.) Ca. aulicus. Jiliger.—Cu. aulicus. Steph. Catal. p. 28. No. 245. Short, broad, pitchy-black, paler beneath: head with two deep impressions in front, united by a strong transverse line: thorax moderately convex, its sides dilated anteriorly, and attenuated posteriorly; the base slightly depressed, and punctate, the puncte longitudinally rugose, the depression with two impressed strie at each extremity, and terminated by an elevated line: elytra less convex than in the last, strongly punctate striated throughout, the margin with several impressed. dots at the base, and others irregularly approximating to each other near the apex: body beneath laterally AP aa legs, antenne, and palpi pitchy-ferruginous. Var. 6. With the legs very pale testaceous. Var. y. With the legs pitchy-black, the body dull brownish-black. Very common in hedges and banks near London, especially near Coombe-wood and at Hertford. “ In rotten trees, Ely; also in cellars, Bottisham.”—Rev. L. Jenyns. ‘ Kimpton, near Andover.” —fev. G. T. Rudd. “ Banks of the Tees.”—L. Rudd, Esq. Genus LVI.—Zasrus, Clairville. Palpi ; external maxillary with the terminal joint shorter than the third, ovate- truncate, the third subclavate, of equal length with the second ; labial with the two last joints equal, the terminal slightly fusiform, truncate: labrum subquadrate, deeply emarginate: mandibles short, subtrigonate: mawille ob- tuse: mentum slightly emarginate, with an obtuse simple lobe in the centre. Antenne linear, the third and terminal joints equal in length, the fourth rather shorter : head oblong, broad, elevated behind: thoraz transverse subquadrate, broadest behind, gibbous: elytra obsoletely emarginate at the apex: body. gibbous: wings two, ample: tihie dilated at the apex: anterior tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. The remarkable convexity of the body of the Zabri well discri- minates them from the other Harpalide excepting Curtonotus; but from that genus they may be readily known by the width of the thorax behind and the simple obtuse lobe in the notch of the mentum ; from Harpalus they also differ by the obtuseness of the maxillz, the deeper emargination of the labrum, and the form of the palpi. 140 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Sp. 1. gibbus. Oblongus rufo-piceus supra niger, antennis palpis tibiis tarsisque piceo-ferrugineis, elytris punctato-striatis, thoracis angulis posticis subacutis. (Long. corp. 5—73 lin.) Ca. gibbus. Fabricius——Za. gibbus. Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 246. Pitchy, above glossy black, head obsoletely wrinkled, with a small impression on each side in front: thorax very convex, obsoletely wrinkled, with a slight dorsal channel, slightly transversely depressed posteriorly and thickly punc- tate, with an obsolete fovea on each side: elytra black, or pitchy-black, regu- larly punctato-striated, the usually abbreviated stria at the base rather long, with an interrupted series of impressions on the margin: body beneath irregu- larly punctate: thighs stout, pitchy-black; tibie, tarsi, antenne, and palpi, ferruginous. Var. 6. With the suture and margin of the elytra ferruginous. Var. y. With the legs entirely, antenne and palpi pitchy-black. Found generally in corn-fields, frequently on the ears of the corn itself, in the autumn, throughout the southern parts of the kingdom ; in plenty near Worthing, in August, 1817, and near Brighton the following*year. ‘In profusion near Hastings, on corn, in Sep- tember last.”—N. A. Vigors, Esq. ‘* Occurs every autumn regu- larly and plentifully in the open corn-lands about Cambridge.”— Rev. L. Jenyns. An interesting account of the supposed ravages of the larve of this species, by destroying the young corn near Seeburg, in Germany, is given in Germar’s Magazine, as noticed in page 4; from which it would appear that the Zabri are less zoophagous than the other Geo- dephaga: but as they were accompanied by truly herbivorous larve, did they not rather feed upon the latter (as surmised in the above page)? And is it not probable that the perfect insects ascend the corn for the purpose of devouring the insect parasites thereon? This is a subject that requires investigation, as it is highly im- portant for the interests of the agriculturist, in those districts where the insect abounds, that the question should be thoroughly set at rest; because, should the Zabri depart from the habits of the group to which they belong, and become herbivorous instead of carni- vorous, their destruction would be desirable ; while, on the contrary, if they destroy the devourers of our produce, their preservation should be attempted. It may be added, that certain specimens of the perfect insect, which were enclosed in a box with some corn, were observed to devour the latter so long as the supply lasted, when they attacked each other. But was not that rather analogous to the natural antipathy which animals seemingly have to feed by HARPALIDZ.—HARPALUS. 14] choice upon their owns pecies? For it is a fact, which has been fre- quently observed by others, as well as by myself, that ifa quantity of carabideous insects of different kinds be confined together, the more powerful species will first attack those of other genera, then such as are congenerous, and finally, when compelled, their own species. { Sp. 2. obesus. Crassus, piceus, supra niger, antennis, pedibusque piceo-casta- neis, thoracis angulis posticis obtusis. (Long. corp. 73 lin.) Za. obesus. Latreille—Curtis, iv. pl. 188.—Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 247. Smooth shining black: thorax with the margins eneous; with a slight dorsal channel, and a punctured fovea on each side near the base, the hinder angles rounded: elytra tinged with «neous, striated, the strie obsoletely punctate, the abbreviated one near the scutellum very short, and the margin with a series of deep impressions: beneath pitchy ; antenne, legs, and mandibles of a chesnut hue. Female more obscure. Two specimens taken by Dr. Leach, in Devonshire. Genus LVII.—Harpauus, Latreille. Palpi, external maxillary and labial, with the terminal joint fusiform truncate, and of equal length with the preceding, which is clavate ; internal mazillary nearly filiform: Jabrum subquadrate, slightly emarginate: mandibles short, not very acute, with the inner edge irregularly sinuated towards the base: maxille acute: mentum deeply notched, with an obtuse simple lobe in the centre. Antenne, with the two basal joints alone naked: head ovate: thorax transverse, more or less subquadrate; the hinder angles sometimes acute, sometimes rounded, the disc usually impunctate: elytra more or less sinuated at the tip: the second stria abbreviated: wings two, ample: anterior and intermediate tarsi of the males with three dilated joints. A genus of variable external form, though the species may be at once known from all the other Harpalide but Ophonus, by the obtuse simple lobe in the centre of the mentum, united with the abbreviation of the second stria on the elytra, and the pubescence of all but the two basal joints of the antennz: from Ophonus they differ by having the disc of the thorax impunctate, the mentum more deeply notched, and the terminal joint of the maxillary palpi less robust; scarcely stouter than the preceding. ‘The males are further distinguished from all the foregoing genera by having the four anterior tarsi with dilated joints; and the females are generally obscure above. From the great diversity of form, and the extent of the genus, ManpiBurara, Vot. I. 30TH June, 1828. T 142 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. I shall subdivide it into sections, in order to render the study of the species less difficult. A. With the hinder angles of the thorax obtuse. a. The elytra Sinuatostancinte at the tip. 1. Thorax not attenuated behind. * With the body short, convex. Sp. 1. serripes. Ater, thorace subquadrato posticé utrinque striolé obsoleta, pedihus mgris, tibits valdé spinosis. (Long. corp. 54 lin.) Ca. serripes. Schonher.—Ha. serripes. Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 248. Deep opaque black: head smooth: antenne dull brown, pitchy at the base: thorax subquadrate, obsoletely strigose transversely ; the margins slightly rounded, with a slender dorsal channel, and asomewhat obsolete punctulated fovea on each side at the base, reaching to the hinder margin: elytra dull black, slightly striated, the strie impunctate, with a minute impression on the second interstice from the suture towards the apex of the elytra, and an interrupted series on the margin: body beneath glossy piceous, the base of the abdomen and the breast subpunctate: legs black, tibia with strong black spines: tips of the palpi rufo-testaceous. Schonher introduces the minute impression on the disc of the elytra into the specific character, but that mark is common to most of the Harpali. I have one specimen, which was taken on the shores of the Thames beyond Gravesend; and others from Southend and the Isle of Wight. Sp. 2. tardus. Niger, nitidus, thorace leve posticé utrinque foveolé impressé, elytris striatis, antennis fulvis nigro annulatis. (Long. corp. 44—5 lin.) Ca. tardus. Iiliger?—Ha. tardus. Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 249. Allied to the last, but smaller, and more oblong: thorax smooth, with an impressed fovea on each side posteriorly, not reaching to the hinder margin ; the dorsal channel rather strong: elytra less dilated on the sides than in H. serripes ; simply striated, the second stria with a minute impression towards the tip of the elytra, and the margin of the latter with an interrupted row of impressions: legs pitchy-testaceous, with the cilia on the tibie rufescent: antenne fulvous, with the base of several joints black ; palpi fulvous, with the base of the joints black. “ Frequently taken near Southend.”—Rev. F. W. Hope. Sp. 3. stygius. Convewior, niger, subopacus, antennis rufo-piceis negro maculatis, thorace posticé utrinque foved simplici profundé. (Long. corp. 43 lin.) Ha. stygius. Wilkin MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 251. Distinguished by its great convexity: entirely deep opaque black: thorax with a deep impunctate fovea on each side at the base, remote from the hinder margin, and a very faint dorsal channel: elytra simply striated, with a series . HARPALIDA).— HARPALUS. 143 of minute impressions on the margin, scarcely interrupted in the middle: legs totally black: antenne, with the basal joint and tips of the others, rufo- piceous ; palpi black, with the apex of the joints fulvous. I have seen three specimens only of this insect; one in the col- lection at the British Museum, the second in that of Mr. Vigors (formerly Mr. Wilkin’s), the other in my own: two were cap- ~ tured on the Glamorganshire coast, the locality of the other is unknown. Sp. 4. rufimanus. Pauld depressus, niger, nitidus, thorace postice transverse depresso, utrinque striolé impressa, antennis tarsisque fulvis. (Long. corp. 44 lin.) Ca. rufimanus. Marsham.—Ha. rufimanus. Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 250. Like Ha. tardus, but narrower and more depressed: thorax with a transverse impression posteriorly, terminating in a broad, shallow, obsoletely punctate fovea: elytra simply striated ; the margin with an obsolete continuous series of impressions: legs pitchy-black, with the tarsi and claws rufous: antenne and palpi entirely fulvous. Not uncommon near London, in sand and gravel-pits. Sp. 5. fuliginosus. Niger, thorace posticé vix foveolato, antennis ferruginers, pedibus rufo-testaceis, femoribus tibiarumque apice nigricantibus. (Long. corp. 43 lin.) Ca. fuliginosus. Duftschmid.—Ha. fuliginosus. Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 252. Slightly depressed, broad: thorax very obsoletely punctate behind, with a nearly obliterated marginal fovea on each side at the base : elytra striated ; the margin with a continuous series of distinct impressions: legs rufo-testaceous, with the thighs and tips of the tibie dusky or black: the antenne and palpi entirely ferruginous. Sometimes found near London. ‘‘ Occasionally near Southend.” —Rev. F. W. Hope. Sp. 6. latus. Miger, antennis, pedibusque rufis, femoribus tihiarumque apice piceis, thorace posticé utrinque striolé impunctaté. (Long. corp. 43 lin.) Ca. latus. Linné?—Ha. latus. Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 253. Broader than the preceding, which it much resembles: the thorax has an evident impunctate striola on each side at the base, touching the posterior margin: the elytra are striated, and the lateral margin has an indistinetly interrupted series of impressions: the legs are rufous, with the thighs and tips of the tibie pitchy: the antenne and palpi are totally rufous or ferru- ginous. Frequent in sand and gravel-pits near London. ‘ Southend.”— Rev. F. W. Hope. 144 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Sp. 7. fuscipalpis. Miger, thorace posticé transverse impresso, antennis basi tibiis tarsisque rufo—ferrugineis, palpis nigris. (Long. corp. 4% lin.) . Ha. fuscipalpis. Stwrm.—Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 254. Like Ha. rufimanus, but discriminated from it and all the foregoing by the following characters: antenne fuscous, with the basal joint fulvous: palpi black: thighs black: tibie and tarsi entirely rufo-ferruginous: the thorax has a transverse impression behind, terminating in a simple foveola: the elytra are simply striated, the marginal stria with a series of impressions. Sometimes taken near London. ** With the body elongated, rather depressed (resemble Amare). Sp. 8. nigripes. Miger nitidus, antennarum hast palpisque rufo-ferrugineis, thorace posticé utrinque striolé unicé. (Long. corp. 34 lin.) Ha. nigripes. Sturm.—Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 255. More elongate and much smaller than any of the foregoing: deep glossy black : thorax with a slender dorsal channel, and a faint transverse posterior de- pression, terminating in a rather elongate simple marginal fovea on each side at the base: elytra simply striated, the margin with a continuous series of im- pressions : legs totally black, with the claws and cilia pitchy : antenne fuscous, with the basal joint rufous: palpi rufous, with the base of the joints dusky. Two specimens of this species alone have come under my in- spection; they were taken by myself near London. Sp. 9. piger. Miger, nitidus, antennis rufis nigro maculatis, thorace posticé utrinque lined tenué impressé. (Long. corp. 3—33 lin.) Ha. piger. Duftschmid.—Ha. piger. Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 256. Very similar to Ha. nigripes, but rather less: thorax with a delicate impressed line at the base on each side: the elytra faintly striated, the margin with an obsolete continuous series of impressions: the thighs black: the tibie and tarsi pitchy-red, the tips of the latter dusky: the antenne ferruginous or piceous, with the base rufous, and some of the articulations black at the base. Sometimes taken near London; also at Southend, but sparingly. “ Dorking.” Mr. Waterhouse. Sp. 10. anxius. Prats VIII. f. 2.—Miger, subovatus palpis antennisque ferru- gineis, pedibus rufo-piceis, thorace posticé utrinque impresso subpunctato, angulis posticis subacuminatis. (Long. corp. 35—4 lin.) Ca. anxius. Duftschmid.—Ha. anxius. Steph. Catal. p. 29. No. 257. Rather larger than the two preceding: body short, ovate: thorax with a slightly punctulate impressed line at the base on each side: elytra slightly and simply striated, the outer margin with a somewhat interrupted series of impressions : legs stout, the thighs and tibie generally black, sometimes piceous, the tarsi generally paler: palpi testaceous: antenne ferruginous. The margin of the thorax and its hinder angles are frequently ferruginous, and the base of several of the apical joints of the antenne is often dusky or black. HARPALIDA).—HARPALUS. 145 Common on the coasts of Glamorganshire, and near Southend, beneath rejectamenta. Sp. 11. femoralis. Ater nitidus, thorace postic? utrinque striolé levi impresso, antennis piceo-brunneis, pedibus nigro-piceis, femoribus posticis elongatis. (Long. corp. 34 lin.) Ha. femoralis mihi.—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 258. Deep glossy black: thorax with a smooth rather elongate impression on each side at the base; the dorsal channel rather deep posteriorly: elytra rather deeply striated, the strie impunctate, the margin with a distinctly interrupted series of impressions: the legs deep pitchy-black, the hinder thighs elongated : antenne pitchy-brown: palpi rufous, with the base of the joints black. Taken near Swansea; probably a variety of the foregoing. Sp. 12. coracinus? Piceo-brunneus, thorace posticé transverse impresso, utrinque striolé subleviunicd, antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis. (Long. corp. 33—4+4 lin.) Ha. coracinus. Sturm ?—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 259. Pitchy-brown: thorax behind with a transverse impression, terminating on each side in a somewhat smooth striola ; the lateral margins and hinder angles rufo- ferruginous: elytra pitchy-brown, inclining to castaneous, slightly striated, the strie impunctate, an obsoletely continuous series of impressions on the margin: legs pitchy-brown, tarsi and claws a little rufescent: antenne and palpi rufo-piceous, or fulvous. I am not certain whether this be the Ha. coracinus of Sturm ; it is the Ha. mari- timus of Mr. Kirby, and may probably be a mere variety (or rather immature state) of Ha. anxius. Taken on the coasts of Suffolk, Norfolk, and Essex. Sp. 13. flaviventrisP Supra piceo-brunneus, subtis antennis palpis pedibusque JSlavo-testaceis, thorace posticé striolé subpunctaté impresso. (Long. corp. 33—4 lin.) Ha. flaviventris. Sturm ?—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 260. Above pitchy-brown, beneath pale yellowish testaceous: thorax asin Ha. anxius: elytra slightly striated, the margin with an interrupted series of impressions : legs very pale yellowish testaceous: palpi and antenne the same, the latter dusky at the tip. I have a pair of this species from the shores of the Severn, and one specimen which was taken on those of the Thames near Gravesend. **® With the body broad, much depressed: thorax very broad. Sp. 14. thoracicus. Pratre VIII. f. 3—Niger nitidus, thorace latissimo ceru- lescente posticé rugoso-punctato: elytris striatis, apicibus punctis impressis ornatis, antennis fulvis basi pallidiore. (Long. corp. 55—6 lin.) Ha. thoracicus. Leach MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 261. 146 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Broad and depressed: shining black: head smooth: thorax bluish or greenish, rather obsoletely and irregularly wrinkled transversely, with a longitudinally rugose triangular space anterior to the dorsal line, which is somewhat faint and abbreviated posteriorly, and a broad transverse space behind, thickly and ruggedly punctate, with a rudimentary impression on each side towards the angles: elytra striated, the strie impunctate ; the margin irregularly punctate towards’ the apex, the marginal strie with several minute impressed dots, the third interstice from the margin with six or eight, the fifth with one or two, and the eighth (or second from the suture) with one impression at the apex, close to the union of the strie: legs pitchy-black: claws rufous: antenne pitchy-fulvous, with the base pale or rufous. This approaches near to the Ca. crassipes of Duftschmid ; but his insect differs in having numerous puncta on the third interstice of the elytra, and none on the fifth and eighth: from his Ca. depressus it may be known by the latter insect having but seven deep impressions, as noticed below ; but with his Ca. corvus I suspect it will prove synonymous. Taken, though rarely, beneath stones at Darenth and Coombe woods. ‘In Oxfordshire."— Rev. F. W. Hope. “ By the Roman pavement, Thruxton, Hants, but very sparingly, in March.”—Rev. G. T. Rudd. “ Leith-hill, Surrey, in September.”—Mr. Water- house. 2. With the thorax attenuated posteriorly. Sp. 16. cupreus. Pirate VIII. f. 4.—Crassus, niger, nitidus, supra viridi-micans, suturd fuscescente, elytris striatis, striis subpunctatis, thorace posticé nigro- punctato, utrinque foved subrugosdé. (Long. corp. 6 lin.) Ha. cupreus. De Jean.—Steph. Catul. p. 30. No. 263. ; Sp. 15. depressus. Niger depressus, thorace anticé subangustiore, elytris sub- punctato-striatis, antennarum basi rufé.—Duftschmid. (Long. corp. 63 lin.) Ca. depressus. Duftschmid—Ha. depressus. Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 262. According to Sturm’s figure this insect is more elongate than the preceding, and the thorax is considerably narrower in proportion: its general aspect is very similar, but the base of the antenne alone is rufous: the upper surface is en- tirely black ; and the impressions at the apex of the elytra are different, the third and fifth interstices having but three large impressions on each, and the eighth one minute dot, the margin being impunctate. I have not seen an indigenous example of this species, which J introduced into my Systematic Catalogue on the authority of the Leith-hill specimens of Ha. thoracicus, which had been pronounced synonymous with the Ha. depressus of Sturm: but having been recently favoured with an inspection of the spe- cimens themselves, I have ascertained that they do not differ from those I formerly possessed by the MS. name of Ha. thoracicus. Ha. depressus must consequently for the present be expunged from the list of British species. HARPALID™.—HARPALUS. 1447 Robust, subconvex, deep shining pitchy-black ; above rich green: head smooth, the front tranversely rugged, with two deep rugose impressions, and a few longitudinal rug close to the base of the labrum: thorax bright green, with a few longitudinal wrinkles in front, and towards the posterior extremity of the dorsal line (which is rather faint) some transverse ones ; the base ruggedly punctate, with a deep rugose fovea on each side at the base towards the hinder angles: elytra slightly coriaceous, of a beautiful rich green, with the suture brownish-brass ; rather strongly striated, the strie subpunctate, the abbre- viated one longer than usual ; the disc with an impression towards the apex of the second elongate stria, and the margin with several towards the tip: legs pitchy-black: the cilia and claws rufescent: antenne and palpi pitchy- ferruginous, the latter dusky at the base. This beautiful and conspicuous insect stands unique in my cabinet ; it was captured near London, on the shores of the Thames, some years since. Sp. 17. rubripes. Latior, niger, supra nigro-c@rulescens, aut virescens, thorace posticé utringue foveolé obsoletad punctulatd, antennis, palpis, pedibusque rubro- testaceis, elytrorum interstitio tertio @ margine punctis plurimis impresso. (Long. corp. 44—5¢ lin.) . Ca. rubripes. Gyllenhal—Ha. rubripes. Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 264. Broad, black: head glossy, tinged with bluish or greenish: thorax the same, obsoletely wrinkled anteriorly, punctulated towards the base, with a moderate dorsal channel ; the base on each side with an obsolete punctate fovea, the margins black: elytra bluish or greenish, striated, the strie impunctate, with five or six impressed dots at the apex of the third interstice from the r irgin, one on the second from the suture, and the margin itself irregularly punctate : legs, antenne, and palpi testaceous-red. Var. 6 Ha. cyanopterus. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 266. Rather less and narrower, with the elytra of a rich blue, and the suture brownish. This insect varies much in colour and size, and I conceive that it and the three following species are far too closely allied to each other to be truly distinct, though, as they have been separated by others, I shall not, without sufficient evidence, reunite them: they all agree in having several impressions at the apex of the seventh interstice, or third from the margin of the elytra ; but that character is rather diagnostic of a section than of a species, as nearly all the insects of this division possess them more or less evidently. Taken occasionally in gravel-pits, and near London, at Coombe, _ Darenth, Hertford, Ripley, &c. ‘“ Not uncommonly at Southend.” —Rev. F. W. Hope. “ Near Ipswich.”—Rev. W. Kirby. Sp. 18. azureus. Suh-elongatus, niger, supra cyaneo-niger, antennis, palpis, pedibusque rufis, elytris interstitio tertio 4 margine punctis tribus obsoletis impresso. (Long. corp. 5 lin.) Ha. azureus. Sturm.—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 265. 148 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Closely allied to the last, but differs in being of a deep rich glossy blue, with the thorax very obsoletely striated behind, and the fovee nearly evanescent: the elytra rather faintly and simply striated ; the third interstice from the margin with three slightly impressed dots only ; the margin obsoletely punctate. The above appears to agree with Sturm’s Ha. azureus, but the concise definition given by Fabricius to his Ca. azureus will equally suit many other Harpalide. Taken at Coombe, Hertford, &c., and other places within the metropolitan district; also in Norfolk. Sp. 19. chloropterus. Subelongatus, niger supra virescens, elytris viridibus, in- terstitio tertio d margine punctis quinque impresso, antennis, palpis, pedibusque rufo-testaceis. (Long. corp. 44 lin.) Ha. chloropterus. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 267. Similar to Ha. rubripes, but rather narrower and more elongate: the colour different, being of a bright green and very shining: elytra with impunctate strie ; the third interstice from the margin with about five impressions at its tip, the fifth with two: the legs and palpi rufo-testaceous. Is this merely a variety of the last ? Found, but rarely, near London, in Suffolk, &c. Sp. 20. marginellus. Latus, subconverus, niger nitidus, thorace elytrisque sub- violaceo nitentibus, elytrorum interstitio tertio a margine punctis plurimis im-= presso, margine laterali thoracis, antennis, pedibusque fulvis. (Long. corp. 44—65 lin.) Ha. marginellus. Ziegler.—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 269. More convex and broader than the preceding: deep glossy black: the thorax and elytra a little tinted with violet, particularly the former, which is impunctate, and has a fovea on each side at the base, a faint dorsal line, and the lateral margins fulvous: the elytra are similar to those of the foregoing, but rather more convex, and very slightly tinted with violet or greenish, and the third interstice from the margin has about seven or eight impressions at the apex: the antenne, palpi, and legs are fulvous. The above agrees with specimens sent to Dr. Leach by M. De Jean as the Ha. marginellus of Ziegler. Gyllenhal unites it with Ha. rubripes. Near London, Ipswich, and Swansea. Sp. 21. fulvipes. Subelongatus paulo depressus, piceo-niger, elytrorum inter- stitio tertio 2 margine subpunctato, antennis pedibusque fulvis. (Long. corp. 44—5 lin.) Ha. fulvipes. Sturm.—sSteph. Catal. p. 30. No. 272. More elongate and depressed than the last, above entirely glossy pitchy-black ; the female a little obsoletely tinted with greenish: the thorax is smooth, with the base near the hinder angles a little punctate, and having a slightly rugose fovea ; the dorsal channel rather deep: elytra rather deeply striated, the third interstice from the margin with several rather obsolete impressions, and the margin thickly punctate at the tip: the antenne and legs are bright fulvous. HARPALIDE.— HARPALUS. 149° Taken occasionally in the metropolitan district. “In cellars, Bottisham.”—Rev. L. Jenyns. Sp. 22. punctiger. Picco-niger, antennis pedibusque concoloribus, elytris striatis, interstitio tertio & margine punctis plurimis impresso. (Long. corp. 4g—5 lin.) Ha. punctiger mihi.imSteph. Catal. p. 30. No. 270. Differs from the five last in having the legs and antenne concolorous with the body, and more impressions at the apex of the third interstice from the margin ; in other respects similar. Found sometimes near London. Sp. 23. nigroceruleus. Niger nitidus, supra obsolet? wiolascens, antennis fulvts, pedibus piceo-rufis, femorihus tibiarumque apicihus piceo-nigris, interstitio tertio & margine punctulato. (Long. corp. 43—6 lin.) Ha. niger mzhi.—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 274. Rather broad and depressed ; much resembling the last, but differs in the colour of the legs: the thighs and tips of the tibie alone being pitchy-black; the base of the latter and the tarsi pitchy-red: the thorax impunctate behind, but the fovee rather deep: the elytra are striated as in the last, and the apex of the third interstice from the margin has several impressions. This varies much in colour; I have recently obtained several specimens richly tinged with blue above, which has induced me to alter the name from that given in my catalogue. Taken in various parts of England, and in Wales. Sp. 24. subsinuatus? Niger nitidus, thorace postic? subsinuato, elytris striatis, corpore subtis antennis pedibusque ferrugineis. (Long. corp. 5 lin.) Ca. subsinuatus. Duftschmid.—Ha. subsinuaius. Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 268. Rather convex, pitchy-black, slightly glossy: thorax smooth, a little punctate towards the hinder angles, which have each a slight longitudinal stria; the posterior margin is a little sinuated: elytra not very deeply striated, the strix impunctate: body beneath, legs, antenne, palpi, and mandibles ferruginous. I have two specimens of this species which were found near London, and agree with those sent to Dr. Leach by M. De Jean, named as above. Sp. 25. limbatus. Miger nitidus, antennis, palpis, thoracis margine pedibusque rufo-testaceis. (Long. corp. 4—4¢ lin.) Ca. limbatus. Duftschmid.—Ha. limbatus. Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 273. Glossy black, the males above sometimes tinged with bluish, the female always black and duller: head smooth: thorax with a slight transverse posterior im- pression, terminating on each side in a subpunctate fovea ; the lateral margins more or less rufo-testaceous: elytra slightly striated, the strie impunctate, the apex of the third interstice from the margin without any impressed foyeole ; Manpisutata, Vou. 1. 30TH June, 1828. U 150 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. _ but a few towards the tip on the margin: body beneath pitchy-black ; some- times pale testaceous at the tip: legs, antenne, and palpi rufo-testaceous. Var. 6. With the body beneath more or less ferruginous. The Ha. luniceps, Wilkins MSS., and, according to Gyllenhal, the Ha. flaviventris of Sturm ; but his insect appears distinct, and the form of the thorax different, not being attenuated posteriorly ; see page 145. Not uncommon in the vicinity of London, at Southend, &c. «¢ Banks of the Tees, Yorkshire.”— LZ. Rudd, Esq. ‘* Bottisham.” —Rev. L. Jenyns. Sp. 26. lentus. Brevior, latus, niger subnitidus, thorace postice recto, corpore subtus, antennis pedibusque rufo-ferruginets. (Long. corp. 4d lin.) Ha. lentus. Stwrm.—=Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 271. Broad, rather convex: head and thorax glossy black ; the latter transversely wrinkled in the centre, with a strong dorsal channel, a slight transverse impression posteriorly, with an obsoletely rugose fovea at its extremities ; the hinder margin straight: elytra black, rather shining, faintly striated, the strie simple, and the margin irregularly punctate at the apex: body beneath and legs rufo-ferruginous ; antenne and palpi the same, but paler. The lateral margins of the thorax are slightly rufous in my specimen, which in other respects agrees with Sturm’s insect: its superior width well distin- guishes it from the other indigenous species, as well as the form of its thorax, which differs a little from others of this section, its hinder angles being very obtuse. I have one specimen taken near London, several years ago. Sp. 27. annulicornis. Niger; nitidus, thorace posticé utrinque foved subrugost, antennis palpisque fulvis nigro annulatis, pedibus piceo-nigris, spinulis rufis. (Long. corp. 4,— 44, lin.) Ha. annulicornis. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 30. No. 275. Deep glossy black: thorax with a moderate dorsal channel, a deep rather rugged fovea on each side at the base, and slightly wrinkled transversely: elytra black, simply and rather deeply striated, with several impressions at the apex of the third interstice from the margin ; the margin itself with an inter- rupted series of impressions: legs pitchy-black, the cilia on the tibie rufous : antenne and palpi fulvous, annulated with black, the apical joints of the former immaculate. Taken occasionally near London, and in Suffolk. Sp. 28. atroceruleus. <Afer, supra nigro-cerulescens, thorace posticé utrinque foveold simplice, antennis fulvis nigro-maculatis, palpis fulvis, pedihus spinu- lisque nigris. (Long. corp. 4—49 lin.) Ha. atroceruleus. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p.31. No. 276. Greatly resembling the last, but of a fine blue tint above: the thorax with a simple impunctate foveola on each side at the base, the antenne fulvous, with HARPALIDZ.—HARPALUS. 151 the basal joints spotted with black; the palpi fulvous: the legs black, with black cilia: elytra as in Ha. annulicornis, but of a deep blue. Two of my specimens of this insect I obtained from the Marshamian Cabinet ; bearing the above name, from Mr. Kirby’s MSS., in which Mr. Kirby justly inquires, An varietas precedentis ? Taken occasionally near London; also in Cumberland. “ In Suffolk.”—Rev. W. Kirby. Sp. 29. notatus. Niger, nitidus, palpis antennisque rufo-testaceis, pedibus nigris, tarsis anticis et intermediis piceo-ferrugineis, antennarum articulis 2, 3 et 4, basi nigris; thorace posticé transverse impressd utrinque fovecs duabus. (Long. corp. 44 lin.) Ha. notatus. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 279. Also allied to Ha. annulicornis, but differs in having a transverse impression at the base of the thorax, which is longitudinally wrinkled, and has two deep somewhat rugged fover on each side, adjoining the posterior margin; the elytra are slightly tinged with blue, moderately and simply striated, with a few impressions at the apex of the third interstice from the margin, and an interrupted series on the margin itself: the legs are black, with the anterior and intermediate tarsi pitchy-ferruginous, antenne and palpi rufo-ferru- ginous ; the second, third, and fourth joints of the former black at the base. Allied to the Ha. Frolichii of Megerle. I obtained one specimen from Mr. Marsham’s collection, and have since taken the insect near London. “ In Suffolk.”—Rev. W. Kirby. Sp. 30. obscuricornis. Brevis, latus, niger, antennarum apice, palpis, tibiarum basi tarsisque piceo-testaceis. (Long. corp. 4 lin.) Ha. obscuricornis. Megerle.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 278. Short, broad, slight glossy-black: thorax with a very faint dorsal channel, very obsoletely wrinkled transversely, with an obsolete slightly punctulate fovea on each side at the base, on the posterior margin itself: elytra faintly striated, the strie simple, and no impressions at the apex of the third interstice from the margin, but a series on the marginal one towards the tip: thighs black, tibie and tarsi rufo-testaceous, the former blackish at the tips: antenne blackish at the base, the tip pale fulvous: palpi ferruginous. Apparently rare; as I have seen but one specimen, which I caught several years since near Dover. It is very distinct from all the preceding. Sp. 31. rufipalpis. Niger, subnitidus, palpis rufo-fulvis, pedibus nigris, tarsis piceo-testaceis, antennis fulvis, articulis 2, 3 et 4, bast nigricantibus. (Long. corp. 4+ lin.) Ha. rufipalpis. Sturm.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 277, 152 MANDIBULATA.— COLEOPTERA. Allied to the foregoing, but differs in being much smaller and more slender: its upper surface is entirely of a deep slightly glossy black: thorax with a faint dorsal channel, and a simple impressed line at the base on each side: elytra faintly and simply striated, the third interstice from the margin with two impressions, the marginal one with several at the tip: legs black, tarsi pitchy- testaceous: antenne fulvous, with the second, third, and fourth joints blackish at the base: palpi fulvous, dusky at the base. Of this I have also seen but one specimen, which was taken near London. Sp. 32. attenuatus. Hlongatus, niger nitidus, thorace posticé valdé attenuato, antennis, palpis, tibiis, tarsisque rufo-ferrugineis, elytris striatis, striis sub- tilissime punctatis. (Long. corp. 4 lin.) Ha. gracilis. Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 280. Very slender and elongated: the thorax much attenuated posteriorly: deep glossy black: thorax with an obsolete dorsal channel, and a deep punctate fovea on each side at the base: elytra punctato-striated, with a deep impressed dot near the apex of the second stric from the suture, and a nearly continuous “series of remote impressions on the margin: thighs pitchy-black ; ole tarsi, antenne, and palpi, bright ferruginous-red. The above was given tome several years since as the Ha. gracilis, Wilkins’ MSS. ; but the insect of that name in Mr. Vigors’s Collection is totally different, and is described in page 156. My specimens were taken on the banks of the Thames. ‘ Near Southend.”—Rev. F. W. Hope. “ Dorking.” Mr. Waterhouse. Sp. 33. cuniculinus. Niger, thorace laterihus subrotundato, postice subsinuato, elytris striatis, antennarum basi palpisque ferrugineis. (Long. corp. 33 lin.) Ca. cuniculinus. Duftschmid.—Ha. cuniculinus. Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 281. Shining black, with the sides of the thorax rounded, and a little sinuated behind ; its base impunctate, with a narrow impressed line on each side, reaching to the posterior edge: elytra bluish, simply striated, with one or two impressed points at the apex of the third interstice from the margin; which last has a continuous series of approximating impressions: the legs are pitchy, with pale rufous tarsi: the palpi and antenne bright ferruginous: the base of the second, third, and fourth joints of the latter black. Near London, but apparently rare. Sp. 34. servus. Angustior, nigro-piceis, palpis antennis tarsisque ferrugineis, thorace striolé haseos utrinque impresso. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ca. servus. Creuizer. Ha. servus.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 282. Narrow, slender, pitchy-black, glossy: thorax with a faint dorsal line, and a short, slightly punctate stria on each side at the base, touching the posterior margin: elytra moderately striated, the striz impunctate; no impressions at the apex of the third interstice from the margin, but the latter with an inter- HARPALIDEH.—HARPALUS. 153 rupted series ; those nearest the base nearly obsolete: legs pitchy: tarsi, palpi, and antenne ere oious I have one specimen, but I am ignorant of its locality, though I believe Devonshire. Sp. 35. luteicornis? Niger nitidus, antennis, palpis, pedibus, thoracis elytro- rumque marginibus posteriis rufo-testaceis. (Long. corp. 34 lin.) Ca. luteicornis. Duftschmid ?—Ha. luteicornis. Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 283. Black: thorax subquadrate, transversely punctate posteriorly, with an oblong thickly punctulate fovea on each side at the base; the lateral margins (and sometimes the posterior) ferruginous: elytra with the lateral margins and tip ferruginous, regularly striated, the strie impunctate ; legs, palpi, and an- tenne rufo-testaceous, Taken either on the coast of Devonshire or Glamorganshire. Sp. 36. nitidus.. Niger, supra viridi nitens, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus peers, tibiarum bast tursisque piceo=testaceis, thorace posticé utrinque foveola punctaté. (Long. corp. 44 lin.) Ha. nitidus. Sturm.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 284. Black, above glossy green: thorax with a moderate dorsal line, and a punctate fovea at the base on each side, at the posterior margin: elytra faintly striated, the strie impunctate, with one or two impressions at the tip of the third interstice from the margin, the margin itself with an interrupted series, the basal impressions rather faint: legs pitchy, the base of the tibie and the tarsi piceo-testaceous: the antenne and palpi rufous. I have a pair of this insect, which were taken in Devonshire. Sp. 37. ignavus. Niger, supra cerulescens, thorace posticé impresso levi, elytris striatis, antennis tarsisque ferrugineis. (Long. corp. 44 lin.) Ca. ignavus. Creutzer.—Ha. ignavus. Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 285. Black, above blue, the thorax with a faint dorsal channel, and a smooth im- pressed line behind on each side: elytra faintly striated, the strie impunc- tate, the third interstice from the margin smooth, the marginal one with several impressions at the tip, and three or four at the base: the legs pitchy- black, with the tarsi rufo-ferruginous: the antenne and palpi fulvous. This insect also inhabits Devonshire. 3. With the sides of the thorax and posterior angles rounded }. * Antenne moderate. Sp. 38. cyaneus. Niger nitidus, subdepressus, supra cyaneo=nitens, antennarum articulo hasali inferné rufo, thorace posticé subrugosd utrinque foveold laté. (Long. corp. 5 lin.) Ha. cyaneus miht.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 286. + Few species of this section are in collections, probably from their maritime localities. 154 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Rather depressed: shining black; above rich glossy blue: thorax with the dorsal channel deep in front, and united to a transverse impression anteriorly, the base somewhat rugose, with a shallow, broad, and rugged fovea near the hinder angles: elytra deep blue, striated, the strie impunctate and deep, the margin obsoletely punctate ; the usual abbreviated stria rather long: legs deep pitchy-black ; claws rufous: antenne fuscous, with the basal joint rufous beneath: palpi pitchy-black, with the tips ferruginous. I have seen but one specimen of this fine species, which I obtained from Mr. Marsham’s collection. Sp. 39. peeciloides. Prater VIII. f. 5. Paulo converus, niger nitidus, supra splendidé viridis, antennarum articulo basali inferné rufo, thorace posticé rugoso utrinque sub bifoveolato. (Long. corp. 5—54 lin.) Ha. peeciloides mihi.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 287. Slightly convex: glossy black, above brilliant rich green: thorax as in the last, but more rugose posteriorly, and the foveole more distinct, with an obsolete one near the union of the lateral and posterior margins: elytra rich green, deeply striated, the strie impunctate, the margin with a continuous series of impressed dots: legs pitchy-black, claws fulvous: antenne fuscous, with the basal joint rufous below: palpi pitchy-black, with the tips fulvous or ferru- ginous. Female more obscure and eneous above. The resemblance of this species to Poecilus cupreus is so close, that were it not from the dilatation of the intermediate tarsi, and the rounded’ posterior angles of the thorax, it might readily be confounded with that insect, which has in- duced me to give it the above name, which I have retained, although I have recently ascertained that it is synonymous with the Ha. virens, De Jean MSS. Two indigenous specimens only have come underjmy notice; they were taken on the shores of the Thames several years since. Sp. 40. searitides. Niger nitidus, antennis, palpis, tarsisque piceo-brunneis, thorace postice utrinque foveolé punctatéd. (Long. corp. 44 lin.) Ha. scaritides. Sturm.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 288. Shining black: thorax with an obsolete dorsal line, the sides rounded and pos- teriorly suddenly attenuated, the hinder angles nearly obliterated, with a punctate subtriangular fovea on each side at the base: elytra simply and rather faintly striated: legs black: tarsi pitchy-brown: antenne and palpi the same, but rather pale. Of this insect I have also seen but my own specimen, which was taken on the shores of the Thames beyond Gravesend. ** Antenne very short. Sp. 41. vernalis. Migro-piceus, subnitidus, antennis palpisque pallidis, pedibus JSusco-ferrugineis, thorace utrinque uni-foveolato. (Long. corp. 24—3 lin.) Ca. vernalis. Duftschmid.—Ha. vernalis. Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 289. Pitchy-black, rather shining: thorax very short, with an obsolete dorsal channel, and near the base on each side with a simple minute obsoletely punctate im= HARPALIDA.—HARPALUS. 155 pression ; ‘the margin sometimes piceo-ferruginous: elytra rather convex, faintly striated, the strie impunctate, the margins ferruginous: legs pale dusky-ferruginous: tibie and tarsi palest: antenne and palpi pale testa- ceous. It varies a little in colour, occurring of a paler or deeper hue; sometimes pale testaceous beneath, and ferruginous above. Not very uncommon on the coasts of Norfolk, Suffolk, and Essex. “ Taken plentifully near Yarmouth.”—4. H. Haworth, Esq. Sp. 42. pumilus. Niger nitidus, antennarum basi palpisque rufis, thorace posticé utrinque striol@ unicd. (Long. corp. 3 lin.) Ha. pumilus. Sturm ?—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 290. Rather larger than, but greatly resembling, the last ; it is of a deep glossy black, with the legs concolorous; the base of the antenne and the palpi rufous: thorax with a moderate dorsal line, and a simple stria at the base on each side: elytra simply and not very deeply striated: tips of the antenne fuscous. My specimen of this insect is the only indigenous one I have seen; it was found on the shores of the Thames. b. With the elytra deeply excised and dentate at the apex. Sp. 43. eneus. Niger, supra viridi-eneo, cupreo, ceruleo violaceove nitens, _ elytris striatis interstitiis tribus marginalibus punctulatis ; antennis pedibusque rufo-ferrugineis. (Long. corp. 4—6 lin.) Ca. eneus. Fabricius.—Ha. eneus. Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 291. Above polished and very smooth ; the colour varying from brilliant shades of rich metallic green to blue, violet, brassy, and cupreous: head with a deep transyerse impression: thorax with an abbreviated dorsal line, terminating posteriorly in a slight transverse depression ; towards the hinder angles on each side at the base a punctate foveola: elytra very smooth, rather faintly striated, the strie impunctate, the interstices flat, the marginal ones more or less thickly punctulated : body beneath generally pitchy-black, sometimes pale testaceous : legs, antenne, and palpi rusty-red or ferruginous, sometimes pale testa- ceous. i The males are generally highly polished and brilliant ; the females obscure and less powerfully tinted ; and their elytra granulated. If the five following insects be really mere varieties only of this species, which I imagine to be the case, they will present the most striking anomaly amongst coleopterous insects, as their relative proportions of width and length, as well as their general form, sculpture, colour, and texture, differ so considerably, and well justify the appellation of Ca. Proteus, which has been given to them by Paykul ; though it should be added, that he includes some of the foregoing Harpali under that name. Extremely abundant throughout Britain, running and flying about in pathways and roads during fine sunshiny and hot weather. 156 MANDIBULATA.—COLEOPTERA. Sp. 44. confinis. Latior, supra viridi-enea aut cerulea, elytris tenué striatis, interstitiis exterioribus punctatis, antennis pedibusque piceo-nigris. (Long. corp. 44—5 lin.) Ha. confinis. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 292. Differs from the last in having the legs and antenne deep pitchy-black, the colour less brilliant, and usually greenish-brass or blue, rarely bright green, the suture generally fuscescent, the elytra finely striated, and the outer in- terstices rather strongly punctated. Sometimes black above, with a slight violet tinge. Taken near London and in Suftolk. Sp. 45. eneopiceus. Subelongatus, supra eneo-piceus, nitidus, antennis pedi- husque rufis, thorace posticé paulo attenuato, elytris tenué striatis, interstitio externo punctulato, (Long. corp. 44—45 lin.) Ha. eneopiceus. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 31. No. 293. Differs from Ha. eneus in being more elongate, with the thorax more attenuated posteriorly ; the colour above usually rather brilliant pitchy-brass: the elytra rather granulated in each sex, and the outer interstice alone punctate: the dentation at the apex not very deep. Found, with the foregoing, near London, &c. Sp. 46. concinnus. Gracilis, subcylindricus, eneo-niger, supra viridi-cupreus, thorace posticé subattenuato, punctato, utrinque foveolé unicd, antennis pedi« busque rufo-piceis. (Long. corp. 4—5 lin.) : Ha. concinnus mihi.—Steph. Catal. Appendix. More cylindric than Ha. eneus or the others of this section ; the thorax slightly attenuated behind, punctate transversely at the base, with a rugose fovea at - each angle: the elytra faintly striated, with the exterior interstices more or less punctulate: the legs and antenne are pitchy-red. This is the Ha. gracilis of Wilkins’ MSS., which name I have discarded, from its having been used elsewhere. _ Found, with the preceding, near London and in Norfolk. Sp. 47. dentatus. Brevis, latus, depressus, supra @neo-piceus, antennis pedibusque piceo-rufis, thorace posticé subrugoso utrinque foveolé unica, elytrorum apice profundé exciso. (Long. corp. 44—5 lin.) Ha. dentatus. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 32. No. 294. Broader, shorter, and more depressed than Ha. eneus 3 the thorax rather rugose at the base, with a thickly punctate fovea on each side, and a very faint dorsal line: elytra rather deeply striated, the interstices a little convex, the two outer thickly punctulate, the apex with a deep excision: the antenne and legs are pitchy-red: the colour above is usually of a deep pitchy-brass, sometimes slightly tinted with green or copper. Occasionally found near London, and in Suffolk. HARPALIDZ.— HARPALUS: 157 Sp. 48. subceruleus. Brevis, latus, nitidus, supra piceo-ceruleus aut violaceus, elytrorum apice subdentato. (Long. corp. 4—65 lin.) Ha. subeeruleus. Kirby MSS.—Steph. Catal. p. 32. No. 295. Also much allied to Ha. eneus, but differs in being generally of a rich deep black or pitchy-blue, sometimes tinged with violet and sometimes a little brassy ; it is rather shorter and broader in proportion: the thorax